Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (2020)
Chapter: 4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs
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3 Determining the Necessity of Laboratory Dogs in Biomedical Research Funded by or Conducted at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
Next Chapter: 5 Care and Welfare of Laboratory Dogs Used in Biomedical Research Funded by or Conducted at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
There was a problem loading page 120.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
Suggested Citation:
"4 Alternatives to the Use of Laboratory Dogs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/25772.
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