| AA | associate administrator |
| AAPISI | Asian American and Pacific Islander–Serving Institution |
| AAS | American Astronomical Society |
| AGI | American Geosciences Institute |
| AGU | American Geophysical Union |
| AIP | American Institute of Physics |
| AISL | Advancement in Informal STEM Learn |
| AO | announcement of opportunity |
| APAC | Astrophysics Advisory Committee |
| APL | Applied Physics Laboratory |
| APS | American Physical Society |
| ASAC | Applied Sciences Advisory Committee |
| BPAC | Biological and Physical Sciences Advisory Committee |
| CAIB | Columbia Accident Investigation Board |
| CASIS | Center for the Advancement of Science in Space |
| Co-I | co-investigator |
| DAPR | dual anonymous peer review |
| DEI | diversity, equity, and inclusion |
| DEIA | diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility |
| DoD | Department of Defense |
| DOE | Department of Energy |
| EPO | Education and Public Outreach |
| ESAC | Earth Science Advisory Committee |
| ESMD | Exploration Systems Mission Directorate |
| FEVS | Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey |
| FFRDC | federally funded research and development center |
| FYDP | Future Years Defense Program |
| GLOBE | Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment |
| GO | General Observer |
| GOES | Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite |
| HBCU | Historically Black College and University |
| HEOMD | Human Exploration Operations Mission Directorate |
| HPAC | Heliophysics Advisory Committee |
| HSI | Hispanic-Serving Institution |
| ISS | International Space Station |
| IT | information technology |
| JPL | Jet Propulsion Laboratory |
| JWST | James Webb Space Telescope |
| MI | minority institution |
| MPP | Mentor Protégé Program |
| MSI | minority serving Institution |
| MUREP | Minority University Research and Education Project |
| NAC | NASA Advisory Council |
| NAE CASE | National Academy of Engineering Center for the Advancement of Scholarship on Engineering Education |
| NASA | National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
| NIH | National Institutes of Health |
| NIP | New Investigator Program |
| NoDD | No Due Date |
| NRA | NASA Research Announcement |
| NRL | Naval Research Laboratory |
| NSF | National Science Foundation |
| NSPIRES | NASA Solicitation and Proposal Integrated Review and Evaluation System |
| OCHCO | Office of the Chief Human Capital Office |
| OCS | Office of the Chief Scientist |
| ODEO | Office of Diversity and Equal Opportunity |
| OMB | Office of Management and Budget |
| OPM | Office of Personnel Management |
| oSTEM | Out in STEM |
| OSTEM | Office of STEM Engagement |
| PAC | Planetary Science Advisory Committee |
| PI | principal investigator |
| PSD | Planetary Science Division |
| PSI | Planetary Science Institute |
| R1 | very high research activity institution |
| R&A | research and analysis |
| ROSES | Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences |
| RRNES | Rapid Response and Novel Research in Earth Science |
| SBIR/STTR | Small Business Innovation Research/Small Business Technology Transfer Research |
| SciAct | Science Activation |
| SMD | Science Mission Directorate |
| SOMD | Space Operations Mission Directorate |
| SSB | Space Studies Board |
| SSI | Space Studies Institute |
| STEM | science, technology, engineering, and mathematics |
| STI | Scientific and Technical Information |
| STMD | Space Technology Mission Directorate |
| SWE-AWE | Society of Women in Engineering—Assessing Women and Men in Engineering |
| SwRI | Southwest Research Institute |
| TAC | Time Allocation Committee |
| TCU | Tribal College and University |
| UARC | University Affiliated Research Center |
| USRA | Universities Space Research Association |