Institute of Medicine (IOM) committees frequently commission papers on specific topics related to the committee's charge. The authors usually have expertise in the area and have published already in subject areas related to the committee's charge. At times, the work commissioned by the IOM is a reconfiguration of work already familiar to the author; at other times, a paper involves quantitative analysis of unpublished data available only on public use tapes. Generally, however, these background papers contribute to the committee members' knowledge of selected aspects of the study topic, and information from such papers is frequently incorporated into the text of the committee's report.
When the IOM commissions a paper, no promises are made as to whether the paper will be published by National Academy Press. That decision is made after the committee has reviewed the final paper and is based on a variety of factors, including the quality of the paper and the need for such a document in the relevant field of investigation.
The papers that follow are
These papers were reviewed by committee members in the course of the study, but the views and conclusions reached in each paper are those of the individual author(s) and in no way reflect the views or conclusions of the IOM, the National Research Council, the study committee, or the funders of the study.