%BF

percentage body fat

AASHATO

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

Ag

antigen

APC

antigen-presenting cell

ARDS

adult respiratory distress syndrome

AT

adipose tissue

ATP

adenosine triphosphate

A-V

arteriovenous

BAL

bronchoalveolar lavage fluid

BMC

bone mineral content

BMD

bone mineral density

BMI

body mass index

BMR

basal metabolic rate

BP

base pair

BTPS

body temperature and pressure, saturated gas

CAT or CT

computed axial tomography

CDR

complementarity-determining region

CLA

cutaneous lymphocyte associated

CMNR

Committee on Military Nutrition Research

CT

cholera toxin

CTB

cholera toxin B-subunit

CV

coefficient of variation

CVD

cardiovascular disease

DARPA

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

DB

Douglas bag

DHHS

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

DIS

Distributed Interactive Simulation

DLW

doubly labeled water

DPA

dual-photon absorptiometry

DTH

delayed hypersensitivity

DXA or DEXA

dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry

ECFV

extracellular fluid volume

ELISA

enzyme-linked immunoabsorption assay

EMA

effective mechanical advantage

EPI

Echo Planar Imaging

EST

expressed sequence tag

FACScan

Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter

FCM

Foot Contact Monitor

FeO₂

fractional concentration of oxygen in expired air

FeCO₂

fractional concentration of carbon dioxide in expired air

F_IO₂

fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air

FAD

flavin-adenine dinucleotide

FFA

free fatty acids

FFM

fat-free mass

FMN

flavin mononucleotide

G-6-P

glucose-6-phosphate

GC-MS

gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

HCSM

Hierarchical Concurrent State Machine

HECA

human endothelial cell associated

HMMWV

high-mobility multipurpose wheeled vehicle

HU

Hounsfield units

HW

hydrostatic weighing

I/B

intake balance

IDS

Iowa Driving Simulator

IEL

intraepithelial lymphocyte

IFNγ

interferon gamma

IG

Image Generator

IL

interleukin

IMRS

isotope ratio mass spectrometer

IOM

Institute of Medicine

J-chain

joiner-chain

kDa

kilodaltons

LDL

low-density lipoprotein

LEM

leukocyte endogenous mediator

LT

labile enterotoxin

metabolic cost of locomotion

MADCAM-1

mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1

MFA

muscle function analysis

MHC

major histocompatibility

MIDA

mass isotopomer distribution analysis

MIDI

Musical Instrument Digital Interface

MIP

Multi Im Parvo

NIR

near-infrared

MND

Military Nutrition Division

MRE

metal response element

MREs

Meals, Ready-to-Eat

MRI

magnetic resonance imaging

MRS

magnetic resonance spectroscopy

NADS

National Advanced Driving Simulator

NHANES

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

NHTSA

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

NiCd

nickel-cadmium

NIDDM

noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus

NIH

National Institutes of Health

NK-cells

Natural Killer-cells

NMR

nuclear magnetic resonance

NRC

National Research Council

PCR

polymerase chain reaction

PCR

principal component regression

PD

Panic Disorder

PET

positron emission tomography

PHA

phytohemagglutinin

PK

pyruvate kinase

PLP

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

PLS

partial least squares

PMN

polymorphonuclear leukocytes

PPAR

peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

PSR

protein synthetic rate

PWM

pokeweed mitogen

FFA Ra

rate of appearance of fatty acids

RER

respiratory exchange ratio

RMR

resting metabolic rate

RF

radio-frequency

R_f

respiratory rate

RLW

Ration, Lightweight

RMSE

root mean square error

SCID

severe combined immunodeficiency

SEC

standard error of calibration

SEE

standard error of the estimate

SIRS

systemic inflammatory response syndrome

SIS

stress intrusion score

SRE

sterol response element

SREBP

SRE-binding protein

STPD

standard temperature and pressure, dry gas

TEEM 100

Total Energy Expenditure Measurement system

TBBM

total body bone mineral content

TBW

total body water

TG

triglyceride

Th1

T-helper 1 cell

TNF-a

tumor necrosis factor-alpha

URI

upper respiratory infections

USAMRMC

U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command

USARIEM

U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine

carbon dioxide production

E

expired minute ventilation

I

inspired minute ventilation

maximal oxygen uptake

WHO

World Health Organization

WHR

waist-to-hip circumference ratio