This committee aims to dentify the most urgent unanswered scientific and technical questions needed to assess the benefits, risks, and sustainable scale potential for carbon dioxide removal and sequestration approaches in terrestrial and coastal environments; increase the commercial viability of carbon dioxide removal and sequestration;define the essential components of a research and development program and specific tasks required to answer these questions; estimate the costs and potential impacts of such a research and development program to the extent possible in the timeframe of the study; and recommend ways to implement such a research and development program.