WAYNE D. GRAY is a professor of cognitive science at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. At Rensselaer he founded the CogWorks Laboratory (CWL) where research focuses on detailed studies of longitudinal changes in individual human performance, especially performance in dynamic, real-time tasks -- tasks in which even hesitating requires a decision to hesitate. These types of tasks require focus on the mind’s eye and the mind’s hand (that is, the interaction of perception, action, and cognition) within dynamic, externally-paced, task environments. CWL has invested in collecting massive amounts of data from individuals in the lab and harvesting massive amounts of data from individuals and teams from the web and elsewhere. Over the past five years, the lab has (a) trained people, in the lab, for 31 hours on a novel video game (Space Fortress), (b) “sampled expertise” by collecting data from people with vastly different amounts of prior experience playing the game “Tetris” (sampling individuals in the lab and at regional and international tournaments), and (c) accessed public APIs to download data from millions of the people who have played one to several thousands of hours of the game League of Legends. These studies have led to the formulation of the “Plateau, Dips, and Leaps” framework that focuses on identifying -- for individual humans - periods in which no progress is being made (plateaus), periods in which people discover or invent new methods (sometimes signaled by “dips” in performance), and periods in which new methods are implemented and performance soars (“leaps”) over what would have been expected by those slow and gradual forces postulated by the log-log law of learning. After earning his Ph.D., Dr. Gray’s first position was with the U. S. Army Research Institute where he worked on tactical team training (at the Monterey Field Unit) and later on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology to training for air-defense systems (HAWK) (at ARI-HQ Alexandria, VA). He spent a post-doctoral year with Professor John R. Anderson's lab at Carnegie Mellon University before joining the AI Laboratory of NYNEX' Science and Technology Division. At NYNEX he applied cognitive task analysis and cognitive modeling to the design and evaluation of interfaces for large, commercial telecommunications systems. His academic career began at Fordham University and then moved to George Mason University. He joined the Cognitive Science Department at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 2002. Dr. Gray is a fellow of the Cognitive Science Society, the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES), and the American Psychological Association (APA). In 2008, APA awarded him the Franklin V. Taylor Award for Outstanding Contributions in the Field of Applied Experimental and Engineering Psychology. He is a past chair of the Cognitive Science Society and the founding chair of the Human Performance Modeling technical group of HFES. At present, he is the executive editor for the Cognitive Science Society’s first new journal in 30 years, Topics in Cognitive Science (topiCS). In 2012, he was elected a fellow by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and spent his sabbatical in research at the Max Planck Institute Center for Adaptive Behavior and Cognition (ABC) in Berlin. Most recently, he received an IBM Faculty Award from IBM's Cognitive Systems Institute. Dr. Gray earned his Ph.D. in psychology from the University of California, Berkeley in 1979.