The National Academies panel assesses independently the scientific and technical work performed by four divisions of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Physical Measurement Laboratory. This panel reviews technical reports and technical program descriptions prepared by NIST staff and visits the facilities of four divisions of the Physical Measurement Laboratory. The visit includes technical presentations by NIST staff, demonstrations of NIST projects, tours of NIST facilities, and discussions with NIST staff. The panel deliberates findings in closed sessions of the panel meeting and prepares a report summarizing its assessment findings.