The global response to COVID-19 has pushed the boundaries of preparedness for a respiratory virus. At the request of the Office of Global Affairs within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the National Academies has convened a committee to analyze how the response to COVID-19 and related events could inform efforts to strengthen future preparedness for and response to seasonal and pandemic influenza. This committee will review non-vaccine public health interventions and countermeasures that can be vital to mitigating the spread and impact of a respiratory virus both before and after vaccines are available.