A planning committee of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine will organize and host a 1- to 2-day public workshop that will explore the latest developments in AI as it pertains to medical care and the current and upcoming implementations of AI systems or software that create, modify, edit, or otherwise interact with medical or health records. The workshop will include presentations with a focus on how AI may impact the information contained in medical records received by SSA for the purposes of disability evaluation, and how SSA might identify and accurately consider such information.
The workshop will feature invited presentations and panel discussions on topics such as:

• How the medical profession defines AI and different currently utilized AI paradigms (e.g., large language models, foundational models, deep learning, symbolic reasoning, and evolutionary algorithms, among others);
• How the medical profession categorizes products marketed as, or generally considered to utilize, AI, including generative AI, that are used in or impact the medical decision-making process or the generation of medical records;
• Quantifying differences in the prevalence and effectiveness of AI throughout the medical profession by age, time since medical training, geographic location, the community in which services are provided, or other relevant categories, and by the type of AI products used (e.g., medical provider note generation, diagnostic assistance, and imaging analysis, among others);
• How the medical profession evaluates the usefulness and accuracy of newly marketed AI products;
• Current and anticipated uses of AI in the interpretation of symptoms or other patient reports and the conceptual relation to assuring accuracy and validity in symptom evaluation;
• Current and anticipated uses of AI in arriving at a medical diagnosis for an individual patient;
• Identifying and quantifying the benefits and risks of AI interpretation of diagnostic information such as imaging;
• How AI systems interact with handwritten and historic medical provider notes;
• How SSA can identify when AI was used in the provision of medical care;
• How SSA can identify when a medical record was created or manipulated by AI;
• Medical providers’ view of what AI systems or software might miss or exclude from final medical records;
• The practical benefits and any potential negative outcomes seen by medical providers currently using AI systems;
• How AI helps, or could help, guide medical decision making regarding the need for additional diagnostic or laboratory testing or clinical evaluation;
• The medical community and medical providers’ concerns with third party use of AI to interpret records directly created by medical providers;
• Indicators used by the medical community to identify or suggest errors or misinterpretations in the output of AI systems or software; and
• Concerns within the medical profession of how AI could be used to commit medical or disability fraud and opportunities recognized by the medical profession to use AI to detect or mitigate medical and disability fraud.

The planning committee will develop the agenda for the workshop sessions, select and invite speakers and discussants, and moderate the discussions. The speakers and discussants will have the experience and knowledge to speak to the development, implementation, use, and practical outcomes of AI in the medical profession, medical care, and resulting medical records. A proceedings of the presentations and discussions at the workshop will be prepared by a designated rapporteur in accordance with institutional guidelines.