During the COVID-19 pandemic, failures in the PPE and PPT supply chains left critical infrastructure workers and the general public without the supplies needed to protect themselves. While some current PPE and PPT standards are adequate for specific occupational circumstances, like in firefighting or construction, major gaps remain, leaving U.S. workers and the public at risk. This animated video, based on a graphic found in the proceedings of a recent National Academies workshop, “Personal Protective Equipment and Personal Protective Technology Product Standardization for a Resilient Public Health Supply Chain,” explains those gaps as well as the ramifications of inaction.