In addition to books and articles in the scientific and medical literature that provided the scientific basis for Digital People, the popular books and articles listed below are good sources for interested readers who want more information in accessible form.

Asimov, Isaac. I, Robot. 1950. New York: Bantam, 1991.

Aurich, Rolf, Wolfgang Jacobsen, and Gabriele Jatho, eds. Artificial Humans: Manic Machines, Controlled Bodies. Berlin: Jovis, 2000.

Austen, Ian. “Learning to Speak Their Minds.” New York Times 19 July 2002, sec. D, p. 1.

Baum, Joan. The Calculating Passion of Ada Byron. Hamden, CT: Archon, 1986.

Baxter, John. Science Fiction in the Cinema. London: Tantivy Press, 1974.

Behar, Michael. “The New Mobile Infantry.” Wired 10.05, May 2002.

Beresford, David. “My Life as a Cyborg.” The Guardian 3 December, 2002.

Blakeslee, Sandra. “Brain Signals Shown to Move A Robot’s Arm.” New York Times 16 November 2000, sec. A, p. 18.

_______________ “In Pioneering Duke Study, Monkey Think, Robot Do.” New York Times 13 October 2003 sec. A, p. 15.

Broad, William J. “Soon, Three New Travelers to Mars.” New York Times 27 May 2003, sec. D, pp. 1, 4.

Brooks, Rodney A. Flesh and Machines: How Robots Will Change Us. New York: Pantheon, 2002.

Brumbaugh, Robert S. Ancient Greek Gadgets and Machines. New York: Thomas Crowell, 1966.

Bukatman, Scott. Blade Runner. London: British Film Institute, 1997.

Capek, Karel. R.U.R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots). Translated by Paul Selver and Samuel Playfair. New York: Samuel French, 1923.

Christopher, Robert. The Japanese Mind: the Goliath Explained. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983.

Crick, Francis. The Astonishing Hypothesis: The Scientific Search for the Soul. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1994.

Damasio, Antonio R. Descartes’ Error: Emotion, Reason and the Human Brain. New York: HarperCollins, 1994.

De Camp, L. Sprague. The Ancient Engineers. 1960. New York: Ballantine, 1991.

Dennett, Daniel C. Consciousness Explained. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1991.

Dick, Philip K. Blade Runner: Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? 1968. New York: Ballantine, 1982.

Dreifus, Claudia. “Do Androids Dream? M. I. T. Is Working on It.” New York Times 7 November 2000, sec. F, p. 3.

_____________ “A Passion to Build a Better Robot, One With Social Skills and a Smile.” New York Times 10 June 2003, sec. D, p. 3.

Edelman, Gerald M., and Giulio Tononi. A Universe of Consciousness: How Matter Becomes Imagination. New York: Basic Books, 2000.

Eisenberg, Ann. “Blind People With Eye Damage May Someday Use Chips to See.” New York Times 24 June 1999, sec. E, p. 7.

__________“Restoring the Human Touch to Remote-Controlled Surgery.” New York Times 30 May 2002, sec. E, p. 7.

__________“Teaching Machines to Hear Your Prose and Your Pain.” New York Times, 1 August 2002, sec. E, p. 7.

Elsaesser, Thomas. Metropolis. London: British Film Institute, 2000.

Fass, Allison. “Speak Easy.” Forbes, 6 January 2003, pp. 135-136.

Fillon, Mike. “The New Bionic Man.” Popular Mechanics, February1999, pp. 51-55.

Ford, Kenneth M., Clark Glymour, and Patrick J. Hayes, eds. Android Epistemology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995.

Foreman, Judy. “The 43 Facial Muscles That Reveal Even the Most Fleeting Emotions.” New York Times 5 August 2003, sec. D, pp. 5, 8.

Freud, Sigmund. “The Uncanny.” The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, Vol. XVII. James Strachey, ed. London: Hogarth, 1955. pp. 219-252.

Gardner, Howard. Intelligence Reframed. New York: Basic Books, 1999.

Gorman, James. “Fishing for Clarity in the Waters of Consciousness.” New York Times 15 May 2003, sec. D, p. 3.

Graham-Rowe, Duncan. “Second Sight.” New Scientist 23 November 2002, pp. 34-37.

Gray, Chris Hables. The Cyborg Handbook. New York: Routledge, 1995.

Greenberg, Ilan. “A Nose for Business.” Technology Review July/August 1999, pp. 63-67.

Haining, Peter, ed. The Frankenstein Omnibus. Edison, NJ: Chartwell Books, 1994.

Harnad, Stevan. “No Easy Way Out,” The Sciences Spring 2001, pp. 36-42.

Hodges, Andrew. Alan Turing: The Enigma. New York: Walker & Company, 2000.

Hogan, James P. Mind Matters: Exploring the World of Artificial Intelligence. New York: Ballantine, 1997.

James, Peter, and Nick Thorpe. Ancient Inventions. New York: Ballantine, 1994.

Kirsner, Scott, “Making Robots, with Dreams of Henry Ford,” New York Times 26 December 2002, sec. E, pp. 1, 3.

Kurzweil, Ray. The Age of Intelligent Machines. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1990.

___________ The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence. New York: Penguin Books, 1999.

____________ and Mitchell Kapor. “Yes or No: A Computer Will Pass the Turing Test by 2029.” Discover May 2002, p. 123.

Lakoff, George, and Mark Johnson. Philosophy in the Flesh: The Embodied Mind and its Challenge to Western Philosophy. New York: Basic Books, 1999.

Lang, Fritz, Paul Jensen, and Siegfried Kracauer. Metropolis. 1973. London: Faber and Faber, 1989.

“Lord of the Robots: Q&A with Rodney Brooks.” Technology Review April 2002, pp. 80-82.

Malone, Robert. The Robot Book. New York: Push Pin Press, 1978.

Maloney, Mack. Planet America. New York: Ace, 2001.

Markoff, John. “Computing’s Big Shift: Flexibility in the Chips.” New York Times 16 June 2003, sec. C, pp.1, 4.

Marquis, Christopher. “The Right and Wrong Stuff of Thinking Outside the Box.” New York Times 31 July 2003, sec. A, p. 15.

Matusomoto, Chie. “Powerful Astro Boy Makes Colorful Comeback on the Little Screen.” The Asahi Shimbun 5-6 April 2003, p. 32.

Maxford, Howard. The A-Z of Science Fiction & Fantasy Films. London: BT Batsford, 1997.

Mazlish, Bruce. “The Man-Machine and Artificial Intelligence.” Stanford Electronic Humanities Review 4, No. 2.

McNeil, Daniel. The Face. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1998.

Menzel, Peter and Faith D’Aluisio. Robo Sapiens: Evolution of a New Species. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2000.

Minsky, Marvin. The Society of Mind. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1986.

Moore, C. L. “No Woman Born.” A Treasury of Science Fiction. Groff Conklin, ed. New York: Crown, 1948. pp. 164-201.

Moravec, Hans. Robot: Mere Machine to Transcendent Mind. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Mori, Masahiro. The Buddha in the Robot. Translated by Charles S. Terry. Tokyo: Kosei, 1981.

Napier, John. Hands (Revised by Russell H. Tuttle). 1980. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993.

Nicolelis, Miguel A.L. and John K. Chapin. “Controlling Robots With the Mind.” Scientific American October 2002, pp. 46-53.

Penrose, Roger. Shadows of the Mind: A Search for the Missing Science of Consciousness. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.

_____________ The Emperor’s New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and the Laws of Physics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.

Pera, Marcello. The Ambiguous Frog. Translated by Jonathan Mandelbaum. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1992.

Perkowitz, Sidney. “In Salmon do did Mobile Bond,” New Scientist 19 and 26 December 1998 and 2 January 1999, pp. 62, 63.

______________ “Feeling is Believing,” New Scientist 11 September 1999, pp. 34-37.

Picard, Rosalind. Affective Computing. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1997.

Piercy, Marge. He, She and It. New York: Alfred A Knopf, 1991.

Plotz, David. “I Spy With My Eagle Eye.” Slate, 5 March 2003.

Quain, John. R. “It Mulches, Too? Robotic Mowers Win a Following.” New York Times 31 July 2003, sec. E, pp. 4, 8.

Ratlif, Evan. “Born to Run.” Wired, 9.07, July 2001.

Regis, Ed. Great Mambo Chicken and the Transhuman Condition. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1990.

Rosenfeld, Israel. The Strange, Familiar, and Forgotten: An Anatomy of Consciousness. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1992.

Sacks, Oliver. “To See or Not to See.” The New Yorker 10 May 1993, pp. 59-73.

Schodt, Frederik. Inside the Robot Kingdom: Japan, Mechatronics and the Coming Robotopia. Tokyo: Kodansha, 1988.

Searle, John B. The Mystery of Consciousness. New York: New York Review of Books, 1997.

Segel, Harold B. Pinocchio’s Progeny: Marionettes, Automatons, and Robots in Modernist and Avant-Garde Drama. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.

Senn, Bryan and John Johnson, eds. Fantastic Cinema Subject Guide. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1992.

Shenon, Philip “New Devices to Recognize Body Features on U S. Entry.” New York Times 30 April 2003, sec. A, p. 16.

Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. 1818. Introduction, Jeffery Deaver. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1969, 2001.

____________ Frankenstein. 1831. Introduction, Diane Johnson. New York: Bantam, 1991.

Sundman, John. “Artificial Stupidity.” Salon, Part 1, 26 February 2003; Part 2, 27 February 2003.

Swade, D. “Redeeming Charles Babbage’s Mechanical Computer.” Scientific American February 1993, pp. 86-91.

Tellotte, J. P. Replications: A Robotic History of the Science Fiction Film. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1995.

Templado, Louis. “Cosmic Ranger, Laugh at Danger—Happy Birthday, Astro Boy!” The Asahi Shimbun 5-6 April 2003, p. 32.

“The Talking and Listing Washing Machine.” Popular Science, June 2003, p. 26.

Toner, Mike. “The Road to Tera.” The Atlanta Journal-Constitution 20 July 2003, sec. C, pp. 1, 6.

Turing, A.M. “Computing Machinery and Intelligence.” Mind 59, 433-460 (1950).

Usher, Albert Payson. A History of Mechanical Inventions. 1954. New York: Dover, 1988.

Vance, Ashlee. “Robotic Road Trip on a Military Mission.” New York Times 9 October 2003, sec. E, pp. 1, 6.

Wayner, Peter. “As Plain as the ‘Nose’ on Your Chip.” New York Times 8 July 1999, sec. D, p. 11.

Wegner, Daniel. The Illusion of Conscious Will. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2002.

Whynott, Douglas. “The Robot That Loves People.” Discover October, 1999, pp. 66-73.

Williamson, Jack. “With Folded Hands.” A Treasury of Science Fiction. Groff Conklin, ed. New York: Crown, 1958. pp. 129-164.

Wood, Gaby. Edison’s Eve. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2002.