Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future (1988)

Chapter: 2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities

Unfortunately, this book can't be printed from the OpenBook. If you need to print pages from this book, we recommend downloading it as a PDF.

Visit NAP.edu/10766 to get more information about this book, to buy it in print, or to download it as a free PDF.
Previous Chapter: 1 Cities and Infrastructure: Synthesis and Perspectives
Page 22 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 22
Page 23 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 23
Page 24 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 24
Page 25 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 25
Page 26 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 26
Page 27 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 27
Page 28 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 28
Page 29 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 29
Page 30 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 30
Page 31 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 31
Page 32 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 32
Page 33 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 33
Page 34 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 34
Page 35 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 35
Page 36 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 36
Page 37 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 37
Page 38 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 38
Page 39 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 39
Page 40 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 40
Page 41 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 41
Page 42 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 42
Page 43 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 43
Page 44 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 44
Page 45 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 45
Page 46 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 46
Page 47 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 47
Page 48 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 48
Page 49 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 49
Page 50 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 50
Page 51 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 51
Page 52 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 52
Page 53 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 53
Page 54 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 54
Page 55 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 55
Page 56 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 56
Page 57 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 57
Page 58 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 58
Page 59 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 59
Page 60 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 60
Page 61 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 61
Page 62 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 62
Page 63 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 63
Page 64 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 64
Page 65 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 65
Page 66 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 66
Page 67 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 67
Page 68 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 68
Page 69 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 69
Page 70 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "2 The Dynamic Characterization of Cities." National Research Council. 1988. Cities and Their Vital Systems: Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1093.
Save
Cancel
Page 70
Next Chapter: 3 How Cities Grew in the Western World: A Systems Approach
Subscribe to Emails from the National Academies
Stay up to date on activities, publications, and events by subscribing to email updates.