Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307 (2011)

Chapter: 5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Previous Chapter: 4 Factors Driving Modal Energy Use and Emissions
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 149
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 150
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 151
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 152
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 153
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 154
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 155
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 156
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 157
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 158
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 159
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 160
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 161
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 162
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 163
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 164
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 165
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 166
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 167
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 168
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 169
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 170
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 171
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 172
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 173
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 174
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 175
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 176
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 177
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 178
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 179
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 180
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 181
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 182
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 183
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 184
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 185
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 186
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 187
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 188
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 189
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 190
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 191
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 192
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 193
Suggested Citation: "5 Policy Options to Reduce Transportation's Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions." Transportation Research Board. 2011. Policy Options for Reducing Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation: Special Report 307. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/13194.
Page 194
Next Chapter: 6 Informing the Choices Ahead
Subscribe to Email from the National Academies
Keep up with all of the activities, publications, and events by subscribing to free updates by email.