Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration (2014)

Chapter: Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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E

Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group

Stakeholder groups:

1 = Economic/Industry

2 = Space scientists and engineers

3 = Young space scientists and engineers

4 = Other scientists and engineers

5 = Higher education

6 = Security/defense/foreign policy

7 = Space writers and science popularizers

8 = Space advocates

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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What do you consider to be the main reasons for space exploration in general?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Knowledge and scientific understanding  64  64157  81.8  68  78.2185  77.7222  78.2  57  82.6  39  75  32  72.7814  77.5
Technological advances  45  45  61  31.8  39  44.8  63  26.5103  36.3  20  29  17  32.7  24  54.6369  35.1
Human economic activity beyond Earth  16  16  15    7.81  17  19.5  16    6.72  38  13.4    8  11.6    5    9.62    4    9.09116  11
Future settlements in space  11  11  13    6.77  16  18.4    9    3.78  23    8.1    4    5.8    6  11.5    6  13.6  86    8.18
Commercial space travel    0    0    0    0    1    1.15    1    0.42    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.19
International cooperation    6    6  12    6.25    3    3.45    2    0.84    5    1.76    1    1.45    2    3.85    1    2.27  30    2.85
National security    7    7  12    6.25    2    2.3  14    5.88    6    2.11    3    4.35    3    5.77    2    4.55  49    4.66
U.S. prestige  15  15  17    8.85    3    3.45  14    5.88  13    4.58    5    7.25    3    5.77    4    9.09  72    6.85
Careers in science, technology, math and engineering    8    8  13    6.77    7    8.05    8    3.36  10    3.52    7  10.1    3    5.77    1    2.27  56    5.33
Basic human drive to explore new frontiers  36  36  63  32.8  31  35.6  63  26.5  92  32.4  20  29  16  30.8  25  56.8337  32.1
Search for signs of life    3    3    7    3.65  11  12.6    6    2.52  14    4.93    5    7.25    3    5.77    3    6.82  52    4.95
Prevent threats from space    1    1    5    2.6    4    4.6    6    2.52    9    3.17    3    4.35    0    0    3    6.82  31    2.95
Other  12  12  22  11.5    7    8.05  14    5.88  20    7.04    5    7.25    1    1.92    7  15.9  86    8.18
None/No compelling reason for human space exploration    0    0    1    0.52    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    2.27    2    0.19
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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What do you consider to be the main reason against space exploration in general?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Cost in absolute sense  37  38.5  72  42.1  45  52.3  93  41141  52.4  31  45.6  24  47.1    7  17.5442  44.5
Cost in a relative sense  36  37.5  64  37.4  34  39.5  97  42.7  88  32.7  29  42.7  13  25.5  14  35369  37.2
Lack of clarity about goals or benefits    8    8.33  10    5.85    8    9.3    5    2.2    9    3.35    5    7.35    3    5.88    3    7.5  50    5.04
Risks    6    6.25    5    2.92  10  11.6  15    6.61  15    5.58    1    1.47    3    5.88    1    2.5  56    5.64
Private sector could do it better    3    3.13    2    1.17    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    1.96    0    0    6    0.6
Other    7    7.29    9    5.26    7    8.14  15    6.61  15    5.58    7  10.3    4    7.84    8  20  71    7.15
None/No compelling reason against human space exploration  15  15.6  28  16.4    9  10.5  30  13.2  36  13.4    8  11.8  13  25.5  12  30149  15
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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What do you consider to be the main reasons for human space exploration?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Knowledge and scientific understanding  30  32.3  53  28.8  27  31  67  29.4  65  24.1  23  34.3  14  26.4  11  24.4283  28
Technological advances  20  21.5  24  13  17  19.5  19    8.33  38  14.1    9  13.4    2    3.77  10  22.2137  13.5
Human economic activity beyond Earth    5    5.38    8    4.35    9  10.3    6    2.63    8    2.96    4    5.97    5    9.43    5  11.1  50    4.94
Future settlements in space  13  14  36  19.6  26  29.9  25  11  45  16.7  15  22.4  10  18.9  17  37.8183  18.1
Commercial space travel    0    0    2    1.09    0    0    1    0.44    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    0.3
International cooperation    3    3.23    8    4.35    2    2.3    2    0.88    4    1.48    3    4.48    0    0    0    0  20    1.98
National security    2    2.15    5    2.72    1    1.15    4    1.75    1    0.37    1    1.49    1    1.89    1    2.22  16    1.58
U.S. prestige  11  11.8  27  14.7    5    5.75  11    4.82  15    5.56    7  10.5    1    1.89    3    6.67  78    7.71
Careers in science, technology, math and engineering  11  11.8  16    8.7    2    2.3    4    1.75  10    3.7    8  11.9    1    1.89    7  15.6  58    5.73
Basic human drive to explore new frontiers  25  26.9  63  34.2  31  35.6  54  23.7  84  31.1  24  35.8  14  26.4  16  35.6305  30.1
Search for signs of life    1    1.08    1    0.54    3    3.45    1    0.44    5    1.85    1    1.49    1    1.89    2    4.44  15    1.48
Prevent threats from space    1    1.08    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.37    1    1.49    0    0    0    0    3    0.3
Humans can accomplish more than robots  30  32.3  46  25  41  47.1  52  22.8100  37  22  32.8  25  47.2  14  31.1327  32.3
Public support    9    9.68  17    9.24    7    8.05  20    8.77  33  12.2    5    7.46    2    3.77    3    6.67  94    9.29
Other  12  12.9  15    8.15    7    8.05  16    7.02  10    3.7    1    1.49    4    7.55    2    4.44  66    6.52
None/No compelling reason for human space exploration    1    1.08  13    7.07    0    0  26  11.4  18    6.67    2    2.99    1    1.89    1    2.22  61    6.03
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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What do you consider to be the main reasons against human space exploration?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Cost in absolute sense  33  35.5  76  42  39  45.9  93  38.9139  52.1  39  56.5  18  34  10  25.6441  43.5
Cost in a relative sense  20  21.5  36  19.9  11  12.9  54  22.6  31  11.6  11  15.9    6  11.3    4  10.3170  16.8
Lack of clarity about goals or benefits    5    5.38  17    9.39    3    3.53    9    3.77    8    3    4    5.8    1    1.89    0    0  45    4.43
Risks  29  31.2  47  26  56  65.9  89  37.2113  42.3  25  36.2  26  49.1  10  25.6391  38.5
Private sector could do it better    2    2.15    1    0.55    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    0.3
Robots could do it better  21  22.6  62  34.3  23  27.1  58  24.3  79  29.6  27  39.1  11  20.8    9  23.1287  28.3
Other  18  19.4  38  21  17  20  26  10.9  37  13.9  13  18.8    6  11.3  11  28.2165  16.3
None/No compelling reason against human space exploration  11  11.8    7    3.87    2    2.35  12    5.02  12    4.49    6    8.7    6  11.3    8  20.5  64    6.31

 

Below are some reasons commonly given for space exploration. For each, please indicate whether you think it is a very important, somewhat important, not too important, or not at all important reason for space exploration in general:

Expanding knowledge and scientific understanding

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  87  83.7172  86.9  73  81.1  203  76.9259  88.1  58  81.7  50  94.3  40  87931  84.3
Somewhat important  15  14.4  23  11.6  16  17.8  50  18.9  26    8.84  12  16.9    3    5.66    4    8.7145  13.1
Not too important    1    0.96    0    0    0    0    3    1.14    6    2.04    0    0    0    0    1    2.17  11    1
Not important at all0    0    1    0.51    0    0    3    1.14    2    0.68    0    0    0    0    0    0    6    0.54
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    1    0.96    2    1.01    1    1.11    5    1.89    1    0.34    1    1.41    0    0    1    2.17  11    1
Page 206 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Driving technological advances

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  78  75116  58.6  70  77.8149  56.4211  71.8  37  52.1  45  84.9  35  76.1731  66.2
Somewhat important  23  22.1  59  29.8  15  16.7  88  33.3  61  20.8  27  38    7  13.2    9  19.6284  25.7
Not too important    0    0  14    7.07    4    4.44  15    5.68  16    5.44    5    7.04    0    0    0    0  54    4.89
Not important at all    1    0.96    4    2.02    0    0    4    1.52    2    0.68    0    0    0    0    1    2.17  11    1
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    2    1.92    5    2.53    1    1.11    8    3.03    4    1.36    2    2.82    1    1.89    1    2.17  24    2.17

Extending human economic activity beyond Earth

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  27  26  38  19.2  21  23.3  34  12.9  57  19.4  10  14.1  24  45.3  24  52.2233  21.1
Somewhat important  41  39.4  54  27.3  35  38.9  84  31.8101  34.4  23  32.4  15  28.3  15  32.6362  32.8
Not too important  22  21.2  58  29.3  24  26.7  72  27.3  78  26.5  25  35.2  11  20.8    4    8.7290  26.3
Not important at all  12  11.5  43  21.7    7    7.78  61  23.1  51  17.4  11  15.5    3    5.66    1    2.17185  16.8
DON’T KNOW    0    0    1    0.51    1    1.11    3    1.14    2    0.68    0    0    0    0    0    0    7    0.63
REFUSED    2    1.92    4    2.02    2    2.22  10    3.79    5    1.7    2    2.82    0    0    2    4.35  27    2.45

Paving the way for future settlements in space

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  38  36.5  39  19.7  29  32.2  19    7.2  60  20.4  10  14.1  21  39.6  26  56.5239  21.7
Somewhat important  29  27.9  47  23.7  35  38.9  69  26.1  99  33.7  23  32.4  20  37.7  14  30.4332  30.1
Not too important  18  17.3  58  29.3  18  20  80  30.3  74  25.2  23  32.4    7  13.2    4    8.7279  25.3
Not important at all  16  15.4  48  24.2    7    7.78  84  31.8  55  18.7  13  18.3    4    7.55    0    0222  20.1
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.76    1    0.34    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    0.27
REFUSED    3    2.88    6    3.03    1    1.11  10    3.79    5    1.7    2    2.82    1    1.89    2    4.35  29    2.63
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Paving the way for commercial space travel

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  24  23.1  28  14.1  24  26.7  19    7.2  50  17    6    8.45  22  41.5  16  34.8186  16.9
Somewhat important  39  37.5  53  26.8  33  36.7  71  26.9  97  33  28  39.4  19  35.9  20  43.5355  32.2
Not too important  22  21.2  70  35.4  23  25.6  97  36.7  98  33.3  22  31    5    9.43    7  15.2339  30.7
Not important at all  18  17.3  40  20.2    9  10  64  24.2  42  14.3  13  18.3    7  13.2    2    4.35192  17.4
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.76    2    0.68    0    0    0    0    0    0    4    0.36
REFUSED    1    0.96    7    3.54    1    1.11  11    4.17    5    1.7    2    2.82    0    0    1    2.17  28    2.54

Creating opportunities for international cooperation

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  27  26  71  35.9  30  33.3  69  26.1  99  33.7  20  28.2  34  64.220  43.5365  33.1
Somewhat important  47  45.2  89  45  40  44.4124  47135  45.9  23  32.4  15  28.316  34.8482  43.7
Not too important  23  22.1  30  15.2  16  17.8  49  18.6  52  17.7  23  32.4    4    7.558  17.4203  18.4
Not important at all    6    5.77    7    3.54    3    3.33  14    5.3    6    2.04    3    4.23    0    01    2.17  38    3.44
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    00    0    0    0
REFUSED    1    0.96    1    0.51    1    1.11    8    3.03    2    0.68    2    2.82    0    01    2.17  16    1.45

Maintaining our national security

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  53  51  79  39.9  28  31.1  92  34.9126  42.9  30  42.3  27  50.9  17  37448  40.6
Somewhat important  34  32.7  66  33.3  30  33.3  99  37.5  94  32  26  36.6  15  28.3  17  37377  34.2
Not too important    9    8.65  30  15.2  24  26.7  51  19.3  52  17.7  10  14.1    8  15.1    7  15.2186  16.9
Not important at all    3    2.88  19    9.6    5    5.56  12    4.55  19    6.46    4    5.63    3    5.66    3    6.52  65    5.89
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    4    1.52    1    0.34    0    0    0    0    0    0    5    0.45
REFUSED    5    4.81    4    2.02    3    3.33    6    2.27    2    0.68    1    1.41    0    0    2    4.35  23    2.08
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Enhancing U.S. prestige

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  40  38.5  70  35.4  20  22.2  60  22.7  92  31.3  19  26.8  19  35.9  10  21.7325  29.4
Somewhat important  43  41.4  86  43.4  37  41.1116  43.9116  39.5  30  42.3  20  37.7  22  47.8464  42
Not too important  18  17.3  28  14.1  22  24.4  61  23.1  64  21.8  18  25.4    9  17    8  17.4225  20.4
Not important at all    2    1.92    7    3.54  10  11.1  19    7.2  20    6.8    2    2.82    5    9.43    4    8.7  68    6.16
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.38    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.09
REFUSED    1    0.96    7    3.54    1    1.11    7    2.65    2    0.68    2    2.82    0    0    2    4.35  21    1.9

Inspiring young people to pursue careers in science, technology, math and engineering

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  65  62.5127  64.1  62  68.9133  50.4199  67.7  38  53.5  42  79.3  29  63685  62.1
Somewhat important  32  30.8  61  30.8  21  23.3  90  34.1  79  26.9  25  35.2    7  13.2  15  32.6326  29.5
Not too important    5    4.81    4    2.02    5    5.56  28  10.6  12    4.08    6    8.45    4    7.55    1    2.17  64    5.8
Not important at all    0    0    3    1.52    1    1.11    7    2.65    1    0.34    1    1.41    0    0    0    0  13    1.18
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    2    1.92    3    1.52    1    1.11    6    2.27    3    1.02    1    1.41    0    0    1    2.17  16    1.45

Satisfying a basic human drive to explore new frontiers

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  56  53.9140  70.7  50  55.6134  50.8188  64  32  45.1  41  77.4  32  69.6662  60
Somewhat important  27  26  42  21.2  30  33.3  93  35.2  88  29.9  27  38  12  22.6  11  23.9327  29.6
Not too important  17  16.4  10    5.05    6    6.67  22    8.33  15    5.1  10  14.1    0    0    0    0  78    7.07
Not important at all    3    2.88    4    2.02    2    2.22    7    2.65    2    0.68    2    2.82    0    0    2    4.35  22    1.99
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.38    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.09
REFUSED    1    0.96    2    1.01    2    2.22    7    2.65    1    0.34    0    0    0    0    1    2.17  14    1.27
Page 209 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Below are some reasons commonly given for space exploration. For each, please indicate whether you think it is a very important, somewhat important, not too important, or not at all important reason for human spaceflight:

Expanding knowledge and scientific understanding

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  54  51.9  51  25.8  51  56.7  69  26.1112  38.1  25  35.2  36  67.9  26  56.5419  38
Somewhat important  28  26.9  62  31.3  22  24.4  84  31.8  94  32  24  33.8  10  18.9  14  30.4332  30.1
Not too important  12  11.5  46  23.2  11  12.2  62  23.5  49  16.7  14  19.7    4    7.55    2    4.35196  17.8
Not important at all    4    3.85  29  14.7    2    2.22  31  11.7  22    7.48    5    7.04    1    1.89    1    2.17  94    8.51
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    1    1.11    1    0.38    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.18
REFUSED    6    5.77  10    5.05    3    3.33  17    6.44  17    5.78    3    4.23    2    3.77    3    6.52  61    5.53

Driving technological advances

Q3B2 ([Importance for human space exploration:] Driving technological advances)Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  58  55.8  58  29.3  53  58.9  66  25117  39.8  27  38  38  71.7  31  67.4442  40
Somewhat important  25  24  73  36.9  22  24.4  94  35.6  96  32.7  26  36.6    9  17    8  17.4347  31.4
Not too important    9    8.65  33  16.7    9  10  58  22  44  15  13  18.3    4    7.55    2    4.35170  15.4
Not important at all    4    3.85  19    9.6    3    3.33  23    8.71  15    5.1    2    2.82    0    0    1    2.17  65    5.89
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    8    7.69  15    7.58    3    3.33  23    8.71  22    7.48    3    4.23    2    3.77    4    8.7  80    7.25
Page 210 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Extending human economic activity beyond Earth

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  32  30.8  30  15.2  20  22.2  21    7.95  40  13.6  11  15.5  22  41.5  26  56.5200  18.1
Somewhat important  25  24  51  25.8  31  34.4  58  22  84  28.6  20  28.2  15  28.3    9  19.6289  26.2
Not too important  29  27.9  43  21.7  26  28.9  83  31.4  85  28.9  20  28.2  10  18.9    6  13296  26.8
Not important at all  12  11.5  59  29.8    9  10  79  29.9  63  21.4  16  22.5    4    7.55    2    4.35240  21.7
DON’T KNOW    0    0    1    0.51    1    1.11    3    1.14    3    1.02    0    0    0    0    0    0    8    0.72
REFUSED    6    5.77  14    7.07    3    3.33  20    7.58  19    6.46    4    5.63    2    3.77    3    6.52  71    6.43

Paving the way for future settlements in space

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  41  39.4  54  27.3  48  53.3  30  11.4  93  31.6  22  31  29  54.7  28  60.9341  30.9
Somewhat important  28  26.9  40  20.2  18  20  55  20.8  72  24.5  20  28.2  12  22.6  11  23.9252  22.8
Not too important  15  14.4  47  23.7  14  15.6  73  27.7  56  19.1  18  25.4    7  13.2    1    2.17227  20.6
Not important at all  12  11.5  44  22.2    7    7.78  86  32.6  53  18  10  14.1    3    5.66    1    2.17212  19.2
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.38    1    0.34    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.18
REFUSED    8    7.69  13    6.57    3    3.33  19    7.2  19    6.46    1    1.41    2    3.77    5  10.9  70    6.34

Paving the way for commercial space travel

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  31  29.8  28  14.1  39  43.3  24    9.09  59  20.1  12  16.9  20  37.7  25  54.4235  21.3
Somewhat important  34  32.7  54  27.3  26  28.9  60  22.7  80  27.2  23  32.4  22  41.5  11  23.9307  27.8
Not too important  20  19.2  55  27.8  15  16.7  76  28.8  82  27.9  22  31    4    7.55    5  10.9273  24.7
Not important at all  13  12.5  45  22.7    7    7.78  81  30.7  45  15.3  11  15.5    5    9.43    1    2.17205  18.6
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.38    3    1.02    0    0    0    0    0    0    4    0.36
REFUSED    6    5.77  16    8.08    3    3.33  22    8.33  25    8.5    3    4.23    2    3.77    4    8.7  80    7.25
Page 211 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Creating opportunities for international cooperation

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  30  28.9  47  23.7  33  36.7  47  17.8  68  23.1  16  22.5  28  52.8  18  39.1285  25.8
Somewhat important  43  41.4  76  38.4  32  35.6102  38.6134  45.6  26  36.6  15  28.3  20  43.5439  39.8
Not too important  18  17.3  40  20.2  18  20  69  26.1  57  19.4  19  26.8    8  15.1    2    4.35229  20.7
Not important at all    6    5.77  24  12.1    4    4.44  27  10.2  18    6.12    6    8.45    0    0    2    4.35  84    7.61
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    7    6.73  11    5.56    3    3.33  19    7.2  17    5.78    4    5.63    2    3.77    4    8.7  67    6.07

Maintaining our national security

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  31  29.8  28  14.1  14  15.6  27  10.2  49  16.7  16  22.5  18  34    8  17.4190  17.2
Somewhat important  36  34.6  48  24.2  22  24.4  64  24.2  69  23.5  16  22.5  15  28.3  17  37281  25.5
Not too important  17  16.4  46  23.2  31  34.4  94  35.6  95  32.3  27  38  12  22.6  12  26.1328  29.7
Not important at all  10    9.62  63  31.8  18  20  54  20.5  64  21.8  11  15.5    6  11.3    7  15.2230  20.8
DON’T KNOW    0    0    1    0.51    0    0    4    1.52    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    5    0.45
REFUSED  10    9.62  12    6.06    5    5.56  21    7.95  17    5.78    1    1.41    2    3.77    2    4.35  70    6.34

Enhancing U.S. prestige

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  40  38.5  66  33.3  29  32.2  35  13.3  78  26.5  15  21.1  17  32.1  19  41.3293  26.5
Somewhat important  42  40.4  64  32.3  27  30  91  34.5102  34.7  32  45.1  21  39.6  13  28.3386  35
Not too important  13  12.5  35  17.7  21  23.3  80  30.3  71  24.2  18  25.4    7  13.2    5  10.9247  22.4
Not important at all    3    2.88  19    9.6  10  11.1  34  12.9  25    8.5    4    5.63    6  11.3    5  10.9105    9.51
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.38    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.09
REFUSED    6    5.77  14    7.07    3    3.33  23    8.71  18    6.12    2    2.82    2    3.77    4    8.7  72    6.52
Page 212 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Inspiring young people to pursue careers in science, technology, math and engineering

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  64  61.5  78  39.4  59  65.6  76  28.8147  50  33  46.5  36  67.9  33  71.7516  46.7
Somewhat important  29  27.9  73  36.9  22  24.4  97  36.7  95  32.3  20  28.2  11  20.8    9  19.6353  32
Not too important    4    3.85  23  11.6    4    4.44  53  20.1  29    9.86    9  12.7    4    7.55    1    2.17126  11.4
Not important at all    1    0.96  14    7.07    2    2.22  19    7.2    5    1.7    6    8.45    0    0    0    0  45    4.08
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    6    5.77  10    5.05    3    3.33  19    7.2  18    6.12    3    4.23    2    3.77    3    6.52  64    5.8

Satisfying a basic human drive to explore new frontiers

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  58  55.8  84  42.4  59  65.6  72  27.3130  44.2  31  43.7  36  67.9  36  78.3496  44.9
Somewhat important  25  24  56  28.3  21  23.3  98  37.1  96  32.7  18  25.4  13  24.5    5  10.9330  29.9
Not too important  11  10.6  29  14.7    3    3.33  48  18.2  39  13.3  14  19.7    2    3.77    0    0143  13
Not important at all    4    3.85  18    9.09    4    4.44  27  10.2  12    4.08    6    8.45    0    0    2    4.35  72    6.52
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    6    5.77  11    5.56    3    3.33  19    7.2  17    5.78    2    2.82    2    3.77    3    6.52  63    5.71
Page 213 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Most important reason for space exploration in general

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Expanding knowledge and scientific understanding  32  34.4117  65.4  44  55123  59.1163  60.6  32  59.3  33  66  22  48.9558  57.7
Driving technological advances  21  22.6  12    6.7  11  13.8  20    9.62  30  11.2    5    9.26    4    8    3    6.67105  10.9
Extending human economic activity beyond Earth    5    5.38    1    0.56    5    6.25    1    0.48    7    2.6    1    1.85    1    2    3    6.67  24    2.48
Paving the way for future settlements in space    5    5.38    5    2.79    6    7.5    3    1.44    5    1.86    0    0    1    2    5  11.1  30    3.1
Paving the way for commercial space travel    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.48    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.1
Creating opportunities for international cooperation    0    0    1    0.56    0    0    2    0.96    1    0.37    0    0    2    4    0    0    6    0.62
Maintaining our national security    8    8.6  10    5.59    1    1.25  15    7.21    6    2.23    6  11.1    2    4    1    2.22  49    5.07
Enhancing U.S. prestige    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    1.85    0    0    1    2.22    2    0.21
Inspiring young people to pursue careers in science, technology, math and engineering    7    7.53  14    7.82    7    8.75  13    6.25  23    8.55    4    7.41    5  10    4    8.89  77    7.96
Satisfying a basic human drive to explore new frontiers  15  16.1  19  10.6    6    7.5  25  12  33  12.3    4    7.41    2    4    4    8.89106  11
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    0    0    0    0    0    0    5    2.4    1    0.37    1    1.85    0    0    2    4.44    9    0.93
Page 214 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Next most important reason for space exploration in general

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Expanding knowledge and scientific understanding  21  24.4  16  10.3  10  13.7  24  13.7  51  21.5    8  18.2    5  10.2    8  18.6142  16.7
Driving technological advances  23  26.7  39  25.2  28  38.4  51  29.1  65  27.4  11  25  12  24.5    9  20.9236  27.7
Extending human economic activity beyond Earth    1    1.16    3    1.94    3    4.11    4    2.29    7    2.95    1    2.27    4    8.16    5  11.6  28    3.29
Paving the way for future settlements in space    5    5.81    1    0.65    5    6.85    4    2.29    4    1.69    2    4.55    2    4.08    2    4.65  25    2.94
Paving the way for commercial space travel    2    2.33    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.84    0    0    1    2.04    2    4.65    7    0.82
Creating opportunities for international cooperation    2    2.33    5    3.23    0    0    7    4    4    1.69    2    4.55    5  10.2    2    4.65  26    3.06
Maintaining our national security    2    2.33  11    7.1    4    5.48  16    9.14  14    5.91    8  18.2    2    4.08    2    4.65  59    6.93
Enhancing U.S. prestige    6    6.98    8    5.16    0    0    1    0.57    1    0.42    0    0    1    2.04    1    2.33  18    2.12
Inspiring young people to pursue careers in science, technology, math and engineering  15  17.4  35  22.6  13  17.8  36  20.6  45  19    7  15.9  11  22.5    6  14163  19.2
Satisfying a basic human drive to explore new frontiers    8    9.3  36  23.2  10  13.7  24  13.7  43  18.1    5  11.4    6  12.2    3    6.98133  15.6
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    1    1.16    1    0.65    0    0    8    4.57    1    0.42    0    0    0    0    3    6.98  14    1.65
Page 215 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Most important reason for human spaceflight

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Expanding knowledge and scientific understanding    5    6.33  18  17  14  18.7  22  20.2  28  15.6    7  15.9  10  23.3    5  12.2107  16.1
Driving technological advances  15  19    8    7.55  10  13.3  13  11.9  15    8.38    5  11.4    3    6.98    5  12.2  72  10.8
Extending human economic activity beyond Earth    8  10.1    2    1.89    1    1.33    2    1.83    2    1.12    2    4.55    0    0    3    7.32  20    3
Paving the way for future settlements in space  10  12.7  10    9.43  19  25.3  12  11  24  13.4    4    9.09    9  20.9    7  17.1  95  14.3
Paving the way for commercial space travel    3    3.8    5    4.72    3    4    3    2.75    5    2.79    2    4.55    0    0    2    4.88  23    3.45
Creating opportunities for international cooperation    2    2.53    8    7.55    1    1.33    8    7.34    4    2.23    4    9.09    2    4.65    0    0  28    4.2
Maintaining our national security    2    2.53    3    2.83    1    1.33    7    6.42    6    3.35    0    0    0    0    1    2.44  20    3
Enhancing U.S. prestige    5    6.33    8    7.55    1    1.33    1    0.92    8    4.47    3    6.82    1    2.33    2    4.88  28    4.2
Inspiring young people to pursue careers in science, technology, math and engineering  12  15.2  15  14.2  16  21.3  20  18.4  35  19.6    6  13.6    7  16.3    8  19.5118  17.7
Satisfying a basic human drive to explore new frontiers  16  20.3  28  26.4    9  12  18  16.5  50  27.9  11  25  11  25.6    6  14.6146  21.9
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    1    1.27    1    0.94    0    0    3    2.75    2    1.12    0    0    0    0    2    4.88    9    1.35
Page 216 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Next most important reason for human spaceflight

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Expanding knowledge and scientific understanding    8  11.4    1    1.16    8  11.6  14  18  15  10.1    2    5.88    4    9.52    3    7.69  55    9.87
Driving technological advances    9  12.9  16  18.6    9  13  12  15.4  27  18.2  11  32.4  11  26.2    8  20.5102  18.3
Extending human economic activity beyond Earth    3    4.29    3    3.49    5    7.25    3    3.85  13    8.78    2    5.88    4    9.52    3    7.69  36    6.46
Paving the way for future settlements in space  10  14.3  13  15.1    5    7.25    5    6.41  11    7.43    4  11.8    4    9.52    5  12.8  54    9.69
Paving the way for commercial space travel    6    8.57    2    2.33    1    1.45    1    1.28    9    6.08    1    2.94    2    4.76    3    7.69  25    4.49
Creating opportunities for international cooperation    3    4.29    6    6.98    2    2.9    5    6.41  10    6.76    1    2.94    3    7.14    4  10.3  33    5.92
Maintaining our national security    3    4.29    3    3.49    3    4.35    1    1.28    3    2.03    2    5.88    0    0    0    0  15    2.69
Enhancing U.S. prestige    3    4.29    8    9.3    5    7.25    4    5.13  12    8.11    2    5.88    0    0    1    2.56  34    6.1
Inspiring young people to pursue careers in science, technology, math and engineering  12  17.1  18  20.9  16  23.2  19  24.4  34  23    8  23.5  11  26.2    6  15.4121  21.7
Satisfying a basic human drive to explore new frontiers  11  15.7  15  17.4  15  21.7  11  14.1  12    8.11    1    2.94    3    7.14    4  10.3  72  12.9
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.68    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.18
REFUSED    2    2.86    1    1.16    0    0    3    3.85    1    0.68    0    0    0    0    2    5.13    9    1.62
Page 217 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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In your opinion, if NASA’s human spaceflight program was terminated, what, if anything, would be lost?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Knowledge and scientific understanding  11  11.7  30  15.8  36  41.9  49  21  51  18.8    7  10  13  25    5  11.6200  19.5
Technological advances  16  17  22  11.6  25  29.1  28  12  43  15.8    9  12.9  10  19.2  11  25.6163  15.9
Human economic activity beyond Earth    5    5.32    5    2.63    5    5.81    6    2.58    3    1.1    2    2.86    3    5.77    3    6.98  32    3.12
Future settlements in space    6    6.38  10    5.26    5    5.81  11    4.72    9    3.31    6    8.57    8  15.4  10  23.3  65    6.34
Commercial space travel    3    3.19    2    1.05    1    1.16    2    0.86    0    0    0    0    2    3.85    1    2.33  11    0.29
International cooperation    2    2.13    3    1.58    7    8.14    4    1.72    7    2.57    2    2.86    0    0    3    6.98  27    2.63
National security    6    6.38    6    3.16    4    4.65    9    3.86  10    3.68    2    2.86    3    5.77    1    2.33  41    4
U.S. prestige  34  36.2  55  29  24  27.9  43  18.5  68  25  20  28.6  14  26.9  18  41.9270  26.3
Careers in science, technology, math and engineering    9    9.57  10    5.26  14  16.3  17    7.3  32  11.8    7  10    5    9.62    7  16.3  99    9.65
Basic human drive to explore new frontiers  14  14.9  30  15.8  26  30.2  26  11.2  48  17.7  12  17.1    9  17.3  10  23.3175  17.1
Search for signs of life    0    0    0    0    2    2.33    0    0    2    0.74    0    0    0    0    0    0    4    0.39
Prevent threats from space    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.43    1    0.37    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.19
Humans can accomplish more than robots    2    2.13    8    4.21    4    4.65    2    0.86  11    4.04    4    5.71    0    0    3    6.98  34    3.31
Public support    8    8.51  23  12.1    6    6.98  18    7.73  42  15.4    6    8.57    5    9.62    5  11.6112  10.9
Investment we made so far  13  13.8  21  11.1    9  10.5  15    6.44  26    9.56    4    5.71    9  17.3    7  16.3100    9.75
Other  19  20.2  30  15.8  23  26.7  30  12.9  26    9.56    7  10    7  13.5    5  11.6142  13.8
Nothing/Nothing would be lost    6    6.38  30  15.8    1    1.16  67  28.8  32  11.8  14  20    3    5.77    3    6.98154  15
Page 218 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Do you think that NASA should focus mainly or exclusively on human spaceflight, mainly or exclusively on robotic space exploration, or a combination of both?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Mainly or exclusively human spaceflight    2    1.92    2    1.01    0    0    0    0    1    0.34    0    0    0    0    1    2.17    6    0.54
Mainly or exclusively robotic space exploration  20  19.2  78  39.4  14  15.6123  46.6108  36.7  25  35.2    9  17    1    2.17376  34.1
A combination of both human spaceflight and robotic space exploration  80  76.9115  58.1  75  83.3134  50.8182  61.9  46  64.8  44  83  41  89.1703  63.7
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.38    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.09
REFUSED    2    1.92    3    1.52    1    1.11    6    2.27    3    1.02    0    0    0    0    3    6.52  18    1.63

Do you think that NASA or the private sector should take the lead on each of the following activities over the next 20 years:

Space exploration for scientific research

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
NASA  98  94.2194  98  85  94.4246  93.2282  95.9  68  95.8  50  94.3  40  871048  94.9
Private sector    2    1.92    3    1.52    3    3.33    5    1.89    6    2.04    1    1.41    2    3.77    1    2.17  22    1.99
Neither    2    1.92    0    0    1    1.11    3    1.14    3    1.02    2    2.82    1    1.89    1    2.17  13    1.18
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.38    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.09
REFUSED    2    1.92    1    0.51    1    1.11    9    3.41    3    1.02    0    0    0    0    4    8.7  20    1.81
Page 219 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Human economic activity beyond Earth

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
NASA  24  23.1  30  15.2  13  14.4  37  14  48  16.3  10  14.1    9  17  11  23.9180  16.3
Private sector  66  63.5145  73.2  68  75.6155  58.7204  69.4  51  71.8  37  69.8  31  67.4746  67.6
Neither  12  11.5  22  11.1    8    8.89  59  22.4  38  12.9  10  14.1    6  11.3    1    2.17153  13.9
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    1.14    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    0.27
REFUSED    2    1.92    1    0.51    1    1.11  10    3.79    4    1.36    0    0    1    1.89    3    6.52  22    1.99

Space travel by private citizens

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
NASA    3    2.88    1    0.51    1    1.11    3    1.14    6    2.04    0    0    1    1.89    1    2.17  16    1.45
Private sector  93  89.4168  84.9  86  95.6196  74.2257  87.4  61  85.9  49  92.5  41  89.1937  84.9
Neither    5    4.81  26  13.1    2    2.22  58  22  26    8.84  10  14.1    3    5.66    1    2.17129  11.7
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.34    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.09
REFUSED    3    2.88    3    1.52    1    1.11    7    2.65    4    1.36    0    0    0    0    3    6.52  21    1.9

Establishing an off-planet human presence

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
NASA  64  61.5  89  45  58  64.4  82  31.1139  47.3  34  47.9  34  64.2  32  69.6527  47.7
Private sector  15  14.4  40  20.2  15  16.7  45  17.1  72  24.5  13  18.3  12  22.6    9  19.6216  19.6
Neither  23  22.1  66  33.3  14  15.6126  47.7  75  25.5  24  33.8    6  11.3    1    2.17329  29.8
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    1    1.11    1    0.38    3    1.02    0    0    0    0    0    0    5    0.45
REFUSED    2    1.92    3    1.52    2    2.22  10    3.79    5    1.7    0    0    1    1.89    4    8.7  27    2.45
Page 220 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Which of the following best describes your views on NASA human space exploration missions beyond Low Earth Orbit?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
NASA should not conduct human space exploration missions beyond Low Earth Orbit    9    8.65  42  21.2    5    5.56  66  25  50  17  13  18.3    4    7.55    0    0187  16.9
NASA should conduct human space exploration missions beyond Low Earth Orbit mainly or exclusively as U.S.-only missions  18  17.3  11    5.56    5    5.56  20    7.58  18    6.12    5    7.04    3    5.66    5  10.9  85    7.7
NASA should conduct human space exploration missions beyond Low Earth Orbit mainly or exclusively in collaboration with current international partners (such as ISS partners)  28  26.9  13    6.57  16  17.8  31  11.7  34  11.6    7    9.86    5    9.43    7  15.2141  12.8
NASA should conduct human space exploration missions beyond Low Earth Orbit mainly or exclusively as part of an international collaboration that includes current partners as well as new and emerging space powers  46  44.2127  64.1  62  68.9132  50186  63.3  45  63.4  40  75.5  31  67.4656  59.4
DON’T KNOW    0    0    1    0.51    1    1.11    1    0.38    1    0.34    1    1.41    0    0    0    0    4    0.36
REFUSED    3    2.88    4    2.02    1    1.11  14    5.3    5    1.7    0    0    1    1.89    3    6.52  31    2.81
Page 221 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Looking beyond the very near term, consider what goals a worthwhile and feasible U.S. human space exploration program might work toward over the next 20 years. How strongly do you favor or oppose the following options for NASA, bearing in mind that these are multi-year projects and the costs given are approximate overall costs.

Continue with Low Earth Orbit flights to the International Space Station until 2020

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Strongly favor  58  55.8  70  35.4  53  58.9  98  37.1124  42.2  33  46.5  38  71.7  26  56.5496  44.9
Somewhat favor  28  26.9  70  35.4  28  31.1102  38.6104  35.4  25  35.2  10  18.9  11  23.9373  33.8
Somewhat oppose    8    7.69  29  14.7    6    6.67  41  15.5  38  12.9  10  14.1    4    7.55    3    6.52135  12.2
Strongly oppose    7    6.73  19    9.6    1    1.11  13    4.92  16    5.44    3    4.23    1    1.89    2    4.35  59    5.34
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    1    1.11    0    0    2    0.68    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    0.27
REFUSED    3    2.88  10    5.05    1    1.11  10    3.79  10    3.4    0    0    0    0    4    8.7  38    3.44

Extend the International Space Station to 2028

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Strongly favor  53  51  53  26.8  47  52.2  83  31.4101  34.4  27  38  34  64.2  22  47.8412  37.3
Somewhat favor  30  28.9  53  26.8  25  27.8  76  28.8102  34.7  25  35.2  11  20.8  13  28.3332  30.1
Somewhat oppose  11  10.6  39  19.7  11  12.2  56  21.2  47  16  10  14.1    6  11.3    5  10.9184  16.7
Strongly oppose    7    6.73  45  22.7    5    5.56  35  13.3  36  12.2    8  11.3    1    1.89    2    4.35135  12.2
DON’T KNOW    0    0    1    0.51    1    1.11    0    0    2    0.68    0    0    0    0    0    0    4    0.36
REFUSED    3    2.88    7    3.54    1    1.11  14    5.3    6    2.04    1    1.41    1    1.89    4    8.7  37    3.35
Page 222 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Send humans to a Near-Earth asteroid in its native orbit

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Strongly favor  22  21.2  28  14.1  35  38.9  28  10.6  71  24.2    8  11.3  12  22.6    7  15.2209  18.9
Somewhat favor  30  28.9  56  28.3  30  33.3  64  24.2105  35.7  22  31  20  37.7  18  39.1341  30.9
Somewhat oppose  32  30.8  47  23.7  13  14.4  77  29.2  51  17.4  23  32.4  13  24.5    9  19.6257  23.3
Strongly oppose  17  16.4  58  29.3  10  11.1  76  28.8  54  18.4  17  23.9    6  11.3    7  15.2243  22
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    1.14    3    1.02    0    0    0    0    0    0    6    0.54
REFUSED    3    2.88    9    4.55    2    2.22  16    6.06  10    3.4    1    1.41    2    3.77    5  10.9  48    4.35

Return to the Moon and explore more of it with short visits

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Strongly favor  26  25  30  15.2  26  28.9  41  15.5  61  20.8  15  21.1  28  52.8  13  28.3239  21.7
Somewhat favor  41  39.4  70  35.4  36  40  79  29.9109  37.1  23  32.4  16  30.2  14  30.4380  34.4
Somewhat oppose  22  21.2  45  22.7  19  21.1  72  27.3  73  24.8  18  25.4    7  13.2  10  21.7263  23.8
Strongly oppose  11  10.6  45  22.7    7    7.78  58  22  40  13.6  15  21.1    2    3.77    4    8.7179  16.2
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    1    1.11    1    0.38    3    1.02    0    0    0    0    0    0    5    0.45
REFUSED    4    3.85    8    4.04    1    1.11  13    4.92    8    2.72    0    0    0    0    5  10.9  38    3.44

Establish outposts on the Moon

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Strongly favor  36  34.6  33  16.7  31  34.4  28  10.6  64  21.8  13  18.3  24  45.3  20  43.5247  22.4
Somewhat favor  26  25  48  24.2  33  36.7  50  18.9  89  30.3  19  26.8  16  30.2  12  26.1290  26.3
Somewhat oppose  22  21.2  48  24.2  15  16.7  73  27.7  74  25.2  18  25.4    9  17    4    8.7255  23.1
Strongly oppose  16  15.4  63  31.8    8    8.89101  38.3  58  19.7  21  29.6    4    7.55    3    6.52271  24.6
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    1    1.11    1    0.38    3    1.02    0    0    0    0    0    0    5    0.45
REFUSED    4    3.85    6    3.03    2    2.22  11    4.17    6    2.04    0    0    0    0    7  15.2  36    3.26
Page 223 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Conduct orbital missions to Mars to teleoperate robots on the surface

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Strongly favor  35  33.7  52  26.3  29  32.2  69  26.1100  34  21  29.6  26  49.1  15  32.6345  31.3
Somewhat favor  48  46.2  70  35.4  35  38.9  88  33.3  96  32.7  24  33.8  17  32.1  17  37385  34.9
Somewhat oppose  14  13.5  31  15.7  15  16.7  51  19.3  50  17  12  16.9    9  17    6  13185  16.8
Strongly oppose    4    3.85  35  17.7    9  10  45  17.1  42  14.3  14  19.7    1    1.89    3    6.52152  13.8
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    1.02    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    0.27
REFUSED    3    2.88  10    5.05    2    2.22  11    4.17    3    1.02    0    0    0    0    5  10.9  34    3.08

Land humans on Mars

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Strongly favor  36  34.6  40  20.2  30  33.3  29  11  68  23.1  19  26.8  27  50.9  29  63272  24.6
Somewhat favor  29  27.9  46  23.2  36  40  42  15.9  74  25.2  18  25.4  11  20.8    6  13258  23.4
Somewhat oppose  21  20.2  37  18.7  12  13.3  60  22.7  62  21.1  13  18.3    8  15.1    2    4.35212  19.2
Strongly oppose  15  14.4  69  34.9  10  11.1123  46.6  82  27.9  21  29.6    7  13.2    4    8.7328  29.7
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.68    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.18
REFUSED    3    2.88    6    3.03    2    2.22  10    3.79    6    2.04    0    0    0    0    5  10.9  32    2.9

Establish a human presence (base) on Mars

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Strongly favor  21  20.2  19    9.6  17  18.9  14    5.3  25    8.5    5    7.04  20  37.7  18  39.1137  12.4
Somewhat favor  24  23.1  34  17.2  23  25.6  22    8.33  58  19.7  17  23.9  10  18.9  11  23.9195  17.7
Somewhat oppose  23  22.1  33  16.7  25  27.8  55  20.8  76  25.9  16  22.5  13  24.5    7  15.2245  22.2
Strongly oppose  33  31.7104  52.5  23  25.6162  61.4127  43.2  32  45.1    9  17    4    8.7489  44.3
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    1.02    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    0.27
REFUSED    3    2.88    8    4.04    2    2.22  11    4.17    5    1.7    1    1.41    1    1.89    6  13  35    3.17
Page 224 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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How important is it for NASA to do each of the following over the next 20 years:

Maintain the International Space Station as a laboratory for scientific research

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  47  45.2  51  25.8  48  53.3  87  33101  34.4  26  36.6  35  66  17  37406  36.8
Somewhat important  34  32.7  52  26.3  24  26.7  73  27.7  92  31.3  23  32.4    9  17  18  39.1322  29.2
Not too important  12  11.5  50  25.3  13  14.4  48  18.2  67  22.8  18  25.4    5    9.43    2    4.35213  19.3
Not important at all    4    3.85  28  14.1    2    2.22  25    9.47  21    7.14    2    2.82    2    3.77    3    6.52  84    7.61
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    7    6.73  17    8.59    3    3.33  31  11.7  13    4.42    2    2.82    2    3.77    6  13  79    7.16

Make the investments necessary to sustain a vigorous program of human space exploration

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  48  46.2  52  26.346  51.1  50  18.9  90  30.6  25  35.2  24  45.3  31  67.4362  32.8
Somewhat important  30  28.9  50  25.326  28.9  61  23.1  92  31.3  18  25.4  21  39.6    7  15.2300  27.2
Not too important  15  14.4  39  19.711  12.2  64  24.2  64  21.8  16  22.5    3    5.66    0    0208  18.8
Not important at all    3    2.88  38  19.23    3.33  55  20.8  33  11.2  10  14.1    4    7.55    2    4.35147  13.3
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    01    1.11    1    0.38    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.18
REFUSED    8    7.69  19    9.63    3.33  33  12.5  15    5.1    2    2.82    1    1.89    6  13  85    7.7
Page 225 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Make the investments necessary to sustain a vigorous program of robotic space exploration

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  50  48.1143  72.2  58  64.4151  57.2218  74.2  36  50.7  41  77.4  23  50713  64.6
Somewhat important  43  41.4  33  16.7  27  30  74  28  54  18.4  30  42.3    9  17  12  26.1276  25
Not too important    3    2.88    4    2.02    2    2.22    6    2.27    8    2.72    3    4.23    1    1.89    3    6.52  29    2.63
Not important at all    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    1.14    1    0.34    0    0    1    1.89    1    2.17    6    0.54
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.38    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.09
REFUSED    8    7.69  18    9.09    3    3.33  29  11  13    4.42    2    2.82    1    1.89    7  15.2  79    7.16

Limit human space exploration to Earth-orbit missions while maintaining robotic missions for exploring in and beyond the solar system

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  18  17.3  60  30.3  17  18.9  87  33  99  33.7  16  22.5  17  32.1    4    8.7318  28.8
Somewhat important  30  28.9  59  29.8  29  32.2  82  31.1101  34.4  28  39.4  17  32.1    7  15.2347  31.4
Not too important  24  23.1  31  15.7  31  34.4  34  12.9  54  18.4  12  16.9  10  18.9    8  17.4200  18.1
Not important at all  24  23.1  22  11.1    8    8.89  21    7.95  17    5.78  11  15.5    7  13.2  21  45.7128  11.6
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    1    1.11    1    0.38    1    0.34    0    0    1    1.89    0    0    4    0.36
REFUSED    8    7.69  26  13.1    4    4.44  39  14.8  22    7.48    4    5.63    1    1.89    6  13107    9.69

Maintain world leadership in human space exploration

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  61  58.7  57  28.8  45  50  63  23.9107  36.4  28  39.4  27  50.9  19  41.3401  36.3
Somewhat important  23  22.1  60  30.3  28  31.1  82  31.1  92  31.3  23  32.4  17  32.1  14  30.4334  30.3
Not too important    8    7.69  41  20.7  11  12.2  58  22  58  19.7  14  19.7    4    7.55    4    8.7195  17.7
Not important at all    3    2.88  19    9.6    2    2.22  27  10.2  20    6.8    4    5.63    4    7.55    4    8.7  83    7.52
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    1    1.11    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.09
REFUSED    9    8.65  21  10.6    3    3.33  34  12.9  17    5.78    2    2.82    1    1.89    5  10.9  90    8.15
Page 226 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Improve orbital technologies such as weather and communication satellites

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  48  46.2123  62.1  55  61.1179  67.8220  74.8  41  57.8  41  77.4  12  26.1711  64.4
Somewhat important  38  36.5  38  19.2  22  24.4  41  15.5  45  15.3  20  28.2    8  15.1  15  32.6223  20.2
Not too important    8    7.69  14    7.07    7    7.78  10    3.79  12    4.08    5    7.04    2    3.77  10  21.7  66    5.98
Not important at all    3    2.88    5    2.53    2    2.22    1    0.38    3    1.02    2    2.82    0    0    3    6.52  19    1.72
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    7    6.73  18    9.09    4    4.44  33  12.5  14    4.76    3    4.23    2    3.77    6  13  85    7.7

Plan for a manned mission to Mars

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  36  34.6  31  15.7  29  32.2  25    9.47  52  17.7  20  28.2  23  43.4  20  43.5231  20.9
Somewhat important  22  21.2  48  24.2  36  40  46  17.4  84  28.6  18  25.4  14  26.4  13  28.3277  25.1
Not too important  23  22.1  41  20.7  12  13.3  70  26.5  57  19.4  12  16.9    7  13.2    3    6.52222  20.1
Not important at all  14  13.5  60  30.3  10  11.1  92  34.9  83  28.2  17  23.9    8  15.1    2    4.35285  25.8
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.34    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.09
REFUSED    9    8.65  18    9.09    3    3.33  31  11.7  17    5.78    4    5.63    1    1.89    8  17.4  88    7.97

Expand space exploration collaborations with other countries

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very important  32  30.8  78  39.4  43  47.8  88  33.3150  51  29  40.9  35  66  21  45.7470  42.6
Somewhat important  48  46.2  76  38.4  33  36.7112  42.4102  34.7  29  40.9  16  30.2  12  26.1422  38.2
Not too important  12  11.5  20  10.1  10  11.1  24    9.09  24    8.16    7    9.86    1    1.89    5  10.9103    9.33
Not important at all    4    3.85    6    3.03    0    0    8    3.03    2    0.68    2    2.82    0    0    1    2.17  21    1.9
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    8    7.69  18    9.09    4    4.44  32  12.1  16    5.44    4    5.63    1    1.89    7  15.2  88    7.97
Page 227 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Currently, how involved are you in space-related work?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very involved  46  44.2  89  45  24  26.7    0    0  23    7.82  15  21.1  15  28.3  28  60.9233  21.1
Somewhat involved  29  27.9106  53.5  32  35.6    0    0  99  33.7  23  32.4  29  54.7  11  23.9325  29.4
Not involved  27  26    0    0  33  36.7260  98.5171  58.2  33  46.5    9  17    4    8.7532  48.2
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    2    1.92    3    1.52    1    1.11    4    1.52    1    0.34    0    0    0    0    3    6.52  14    1.27

How involved are you in work related to human spaceflight?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Very involved  30  40  25  12.8    0    0    0    0    2    1.64    3    7.89    4    9.09  15  38.5  75  13.4
Somewhat involved  29  38.7  51  26.2  12  21.4    0    0  22  18  14  36.8  11  25  16  41150  26.9
Not involved  16  21.3119  61  44  78.6    0    0  98  80.3  21  55.3  29  65.9    8  20.5333  59.7
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0

What is the highest degree you completed?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
High school or some college    2    1.92    0    0    3    3.33    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    3.77    5  10.9  12    1.09
Bachelor’s degree  28  26.9  12    6.06  25  27.8    3    1.14    0    0    1    1.41  10  18.9  18  39.1  95    8.61
Master’s degree  44  42.3  16    8.08  12  13.3  25    9.47    1    0.34  15  21.1  26  49.1    9  19.6147  13.3
Professional degree  10    9.62    8    4.04    2    2.22  12    4.55    3    1.02    8  11.3    1    1.89    3    6.52  46    4.17
Doctorate  18  17.3160  80.8  47  52.2219  83289  98.3  47  66.2  14  26.4    9  19.6791  71.7
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    2    1.92    2    1.01    1    1.11    5    1.89    1    0.34    0    0    0    0    2    4.35  13    1.18
Page 228 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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In what year where you born?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
1915    0    0    1    0.51    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.09
1917    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    1.14    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    0.27
1918    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.76    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.18
1919    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.38    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    0.09
1920    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    1.14    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    0.27
1921    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.76    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    0.18
1922    0    0    0    0    0    0    4    1.52    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    4    0.36
1923    0    0    1    0.51    0    0    4    1.52    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    5    0.45
1924    0    0    1    0.51    0    0    5    1.89    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    6    0.54
1925    0    0    1    0.51    0    0    2    0.76    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    0.27
1926    0    0    2    1.01    0    0    5    1.89    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    2.17    8    0.72
1927    0    0    5    2.53    0    0    7    2.65    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    2.17  13    1.18
1928    0    0    6    3.03    0    0    8    3.03    0    0    1    1.41    0    0    1    2.17  16    1.45
1929    0    0    0    0    0    0    8    3.03    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    8    0.72
1930    0    0    3    1.52    0    0    8    3.03    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0  11    1
1931    0    0    5    2.53    0    0    5    1.89    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    2.17  11    1
1932    0    0    4    2.02    0    0    6    2.27    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0  10    0.91
1933    0    0    4    2.02    0    0  11    4.17    0    0    1    1.41    0    0    0    0  16    1.45
1934    0    0    2    1.01    0    0    6    2.27    0    0    1    1.41    1    1.89    0    0  10    0.91
1935    0    0    7    3.54    0    0    4    1.52    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0  11    1
1936    0    0    3    1.52    0    0    7    2.65    1    0.34    1    1.41    0    0    0    0  12    1.09
1937    0    0    6    3.03    0    0    5    1.89    1    0.34    0    0    0    0    0    0  12    1.09
1938    1    0.96    9    4.55    0    0  10    3.79    0    0    3    4.23    0    0    0    0  21    1.9
1939    1    0.96    7    3.54    0    0    7    2.65    2    0.68    2    2.82    0    0    0    0  19    1.72
1940    1    0.96    6    3.03    0    0    9    3.41    1    0.34    0    0    0    0    1    2.17  18    1.63
1941    0    0    1    0.51    0    0    9    3.41    1    0.34    5    7.04    2    3.77    0    0  18    1.63
1942    2    1.92    4    2.02    0    0    6    2.27    1    0.34    0    0    0    0    0    0  13    1.18
1943    1    0.96    7    3.54    0    0    7    2.65    2    0.68    3    4.23    0    0    1    2.17  20    1.81
1944    3    2.88    4    2.02    0    0    8    3.03    4    1.36    6    8.45    1    1.89    0    0  26    2.36
1945    2    1.92    5    2.53    0    0    5    1.89    5    1.7    1    1.41    0    0    0    0  17    1.54
1946    2    1.92    4    2.02    0    0    9    3.41    6    2.04    3    4.23    0    0    0    0  23    2.08
1947    1    0.96    6    3.03    0    0    7    2.65    7    2.38    6    8.45    1    1.89    1    2.17  26    2.36
1948    0    0    9    4.55    0    0    6    2.27    4    1.36    3    4.23    0    0    0    0  22    1.99
1949    6    5.77    9    4.55    0    0  12    4.55    5    1.7    5    7.04    3    5.66    0    0  40    3.62
1950    2    1.92  10    5.05    0    0    6    2.27    9    3.06    2    2.82    2    3.77    1    2.17  31    2.81
1951    3    2.88    5    2.53    0    0    2    0.76    9    3.06    1    1.41    2    3.77    0    0  21    1.9
1952    3    2.88    6    3.03    1    1.11  11    4.17  12    4.08    4    5.63    2    3.77    2    4.35  41    3.71
1953    3    2.88    2    1.01    0    0    9    3.41  11    3.74    0    0    1    1.89    0    0  26    2.36
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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1954    6    5.77    3    1.52    0    0    4    1.52  10    3.4    2    2.82    3    5.66    2    4.35  29    2.63
1955    4    3.85    6    3.03    0    0    5    1.89  21    7.14    1    1.41    3    5.66    1    2.17  41    3.71
1956    3    2.88    2    1.01    0    0    3    1.14  18    6.12    3    4.23    2    3.77    1    2.17  32    2.9
1957    2    1.92    5    2.53    0    0    2    0.76  22    7.48    2    2.82    1    1.89    2    4.35  35    3.17
1958    7    6.73    4    2.02    0    0    3    1.14  16    5.44    1    1.41    1    1.89    1    2.17  32    2.9
1959    3    2.88    1    0.51    0    0    3    1.14  24    8.16    2    2.82    2    3.77    1    2.17  35    3.17
1960    2    1.92    5    2.53    0    0    2    0.76  12    4.08    0    0    0    0    1    2.17  22    1.99
1961    5    4.81    2    1.01    1    1.11    2    0.76  13    4.42    3    4.23    0    0    1    2.17  26    2.36
1962    7    6.73    3    1.52    0    0    0    0    9    3.06    3    4.23    1    1.89    1    2.17  24    2.17
1963    3    2.88    0    0    0    0    0    0  12    4.08    0    0    1    1.89    0    0  16    1.45
1964    2    1.92    2    1.01    0    0    1    0.38    9    3.06    2    2.82    3    5.66    1    2.17  20    1.81
1965    3    2.88    0    0    0    0    0    0    6    2.04    1    1.41    5    9.43    0    0  15    1.36
1966    2    1.92    1    0.51    0    0    0    0    5    1.7    1    1.41    1    1.89    0    0  10    0.91
1967    4    3.85    1    0.51    1    1.11    0    0    5    1.7    0    0    0    0    1    2.17  12    1.09
1968    2    1.92    2    1.01    0    0    2    0.76    4    1.36    0    0    2    3.77    2    4.35  14    1.27
1969    4    3.85    0    0    0    0    0    0    6    2.04    0    0    2    3.77    0    0  12    1.09
1970    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    4    1.36    0    0    1    1.89    1    2.17    6    0.54
1971    1    0.96    1    0.51    1    1.11    1    0.38    2    0.68    0    0    0    0    0    0    6    0.54
1972    2    1.92    2    1.01    1    1.11    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    1.89    1    2.17    7    0.63
1973    1    0.96    2    1.01    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    3    5.66    1    2.17    7    0.63
1974    2    1.92    2    1.01    0    0    0    0    4    1.36    0    0    1    1.89    2    4.35  11    1
1976    0    0    1    0.51    0    0    0    0    2    0.68    0    0    1    1.89    0    0    4    0.36
1977    0    0    0    0    2    2.22    0    0    1    0.34    0    0    1    1.89    0    0    4    0.36
1978    0    0    2    1.01    2    2.22    0    0    2    0.68    0    0    1    1.89    0    0    7    0.63
1979    1    0.96    0    0    1    1.11    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    2.17    3    0.27
1980    1    0.96    0    0    6    6.67    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    2.17    8    0.72
1981    0    0    0    0  10  11.1    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0  10    0.91
1982    1    0.96    0    0    4    4.44    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    2.17    6    0.54
1983    0    0    0    0    7    7.78    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    2.17    8    0.72
1984    0    0    0    0    9  10    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    1.89    2    4.35  12    1.09
1985    2    1.92    0    0    5    5.56    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    4.35    9    0.82
1986    0    0    0    0    5    5.56    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    5    0.45
1987    0    0    0    0    4    4.44    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    4    0.36
1988    0    0    0    0    7    7.78    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    7    0.63
1989    0    0    0    0    9  10    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    1.89    2    4.35  12    1.09
1990    0    0    0    0    3    3.33    0    0    0    0    1    1.41    0    0    0    0    4    0.36
1991    0    0    0    0    3    3.33    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    2.17    4    0.36
1992    0    0    0    0    5    5.56    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    1    2.17    6    0.54
1993    0    0    0    0    1    1.11    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    2    4.35    3    0.27
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    3    2.88    6    3.03    2    2.22    7    2.65    6    2.04    1    1.41    0    0    2    4.35  26    2.36
Page 230 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Are you male or female?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Male  93  89.4165  83.3  66  73.3226  85.6267  90.8  62  87.3  36  67.9  33  71.7936  84.8
Female    8    7.69  29  14.7  23  25.6  34  12.9  25    8.5    8  11.3  17  32.1  11  23.9152  13.8
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    3    2.88    4    2.02    1    1.11    4    1.52    2    0.68    1    1.41    0    0    2    4.35  16    1.45

Are you currently employed?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Yes  99  95.2167  84.3  77  85.6163  61.7292  99.3  58  81.7  51  96.2  36  78.3928  84.1
No    2    1.92  27  13.6  12  13.3  95  36    1    0.34  12  16.9    2    3.77    8  17.4158  14.3
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    3    2.88    4    2.02    1    1.11    6    2.27    1    0.34    1    1.41    0    0    2    4.35  18    1.63

Which of the following best describes your current job?

Stakeholder group
1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%Total%
Postsecondary educator    4    4.04  73  43.7  16  20.8  72  44.2272  93.2  10  17.2  16  31.4    3    8.33460  49.6
Scientist in a non-teaching position    0    0  32  19.2  26  33.8  36  22.1    1    0.34    5    8.62    4    7.84    2    5.56105  11.3
Engineer  15  15.2  11    6.59  23  29.9  10    6.13    4    1.37  13  22.4    1    1.96    6  16.7  82    8.84
Managerial or professional  79  79.8  42  25.2    0    0  36  22.1    8    2.74  30  51.7  16  31.4  19  52.8223  24
Other, please specify:    1    1.01    8    4.79  11  14.3    8    4.91    5    1.71    0    0  13  25.5    6  16.7  52    5.6
DON’T KNOW    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0    0
REFUSED    0    0    1    0.6    1    1.3    1    0.61    2    0.68    0    0    1    1.96    0    0    6    0.65
Page 201 Cite Bookmark
Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Frequency Distributions of Responses to the Stakeholder Survey by Respondent Group." National Research Council. 2014. Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Space Exploration. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/18801.
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Next Chapter: Appendix F: Acronyms and Abbreviations
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