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List of Input Papers

The Committee on Human Spaceflight invited interested individuals and groups to submit short input papers that addressed the role of human spaceflight and its suggested future.

The request for input papers was open to any and all interested individuals and groups wishing to submit their own ideas on the role of human spaceflight and their vision for a suggested future. In developing their papers, respondents were asked to carefully consider the following broad questions.

1. What are the important benefits provided to the United States and other countries by human spaceflight endeavors?
2. What are the greatest challenges to sustaining a U.S. government program in human spaceflight?
3. What are the ramifications and what would the nation and world lose if the United States terminated NASA’s human spaceflight program?

In discussing the above questions, the respondents were asked to describe the reasoning that supported their arguments and, to the extent possible, include or cite any evidence that supported their views. In considering #1 above, submitters were asked to consider private as well as government space programs.

Following is the list of lead authors and titles of the input papers submitted to in response to the committee’s request. Some of the input papers represent the collective views of companies, associations, or other groups. At the time of this printing, the full text of the input papers remain available for viewing at http://www8.nationalacademies.org/aseboutreach/publicviewhumanspaceflight.aspx.

Abramson, Michael, The Roads to Space Settlement

Aguilar, Alfredo A., Jr., Edge of Creation

Akkerman, James W., Human Space Flight

Alperin, Noam, Visual Impairment and Intracranial Hypertension in Microgravity: Mismanagement of a Manageable Long-Term Spaceflight Risk

Arora, Kamal, Human Space Flight Program-Propitious or Futile

Badders, Brian D., Extrapolating Trends: Human Spaceflight Goals

Barbee, Brent W., Near-Earth Asteroids: The Next Destination for Human Explorers

Barnhard, Gary P., Human Spaceflight—Architecting the Future

Bates, William V., The Role of Human Spaceflight in the 21st Century

Baxter, David, The Need for Human Spaceflight

Beauchemin, Alyse N., Manned Spaceflight: Humanities Greatest Endeavor

Becker, Jeanne L., Input to the NRC Committee on Human Spaceflight

Bednarek, Stephanie R., Space Exploration Technologies Corp. (SpaceX) Public Comment on the National Research Council Study on Human Spaceflight

Bennett, Gary L., Human Spaceflight Observations

Bland, Joseph B., Why Continuing Human Spaceflight Is Critical for Americans

Boyle, Richard D., The Artificial Gravity Platform (AGP)—An Earth-Based Laboratory to Advance Human Exploration in Space

Bridwell, Nelson J., Myopia

Brisson, Pierre, Human Spaceflight is Needed for Mars Exploration

Brooks, Phillip, Human Space Flight, What Direction Shall We Choose?

Brown, Benjamin S., We Are the Explorers

Brown, Jeremy, Concerning a Continuation of Human Space Flight by NASA and the United States Government

Buckland, Daniel M., Early Career Researchers Views as to the Benefits and Challenges of the U.S. Government Human Spaceflight Program

Burke, James D., Long-Range Future of U.S. Human Space Flight

Burns, Neal M., Then and Now; Building Public Support for NASA Human Space Flight

Bussey, Ben, Scientific Benefits of Human Exploration

Cadorette, Normand, One Bigger Picture and Manned Space Flight

Chambliss, Joe P., Ideas on the Direction and Importance of Human Spaceflight

Chapman, Bert, More Effective Human Spaceflight and Their National Security Implications

Chapman, Philip K., The Human Future in Space

Cheuvront, David L., Addressing the Challenges to Sustaining U.S. Government Human Spaceflight with Depots

Cohen, Helen S., Occupational Therapy’s Perspective on the Human Spaceflight Program

Collins, Dwight H., Questions Humanity Needs to Answer

Cooke, Douglas R., Building a Roadmap for Human Space Exploration

Cooke, Michael P., Theory for Why We Do Not Have a National Human Spaceflight Policy

Craig, Mark, What are the Greatest Challenges to Sustaining a U.S. Government Program in Human Spaceflight?

Crawford, Ian A., An Integrated Scientific and Social Case for Human Space Exploration

Crisafulli, Jim, Reaching Beyond Low-Earth Orbit: A Prescription for Cost-Effective and Sustainable Human Space Exploration

Crume, Phillip, Using a U.S. Government Human Spaceflight Program to Support Space Commerce

Dailey, Michelle K., Why America Should Sustain—Not Terminate—NASA’s Human Spaceflight Program

Das, Arun C., Human Spaceflight Exploration: Benefits, Challenges and Termination Ramifications

Davies, Philip E., Response to the National Academy of Sciences Announcement of Opportunity to Submit Input to Study on Human Spaceflight

Day, Stephen, Repositioning NASA

De Vita, Mirko, Advances in Behavioural Management and Attitude Change Knowledge through Human Spaceflight Programs

DeRees, Kelly A., Pushing Our Boundaries: The Need for a Human Spaceflight Program

Dhasan, Raj A., The Wind Shuttle (or) the Wind Planet

Donahue, Benjamin B., HSF Architecture Analysis and National Goals

Donahue, Benjamin B., Exploration in Human Terms (Parts I-III)

Donahue, Benjamin B., Human Space Flight Far Term View 2025-40 Goals and Objectives

Eckert, Joy, Inspiration Is Vital to Our Future

Elifritz, Thomas L., The National Academies Committee on Human Spaceflight

Elvis, Martin, Enabling the Commercial Harnessing of Space Resources

Emken, William A., The Uncertain Future of Human Spaceflight in the United States

Espeseth, Kevin, Surface Strip Mining the Moon for Permanent Engineering Marking

Ferguson, Christopher, Human Space Exploration: Unparalleled Source of Inspiration for the Past, Present, and the Future

Ferguson, Christopher, Human Space Exploration—An Engine for Innovation

Fernhout, Paul D., The Need for Continuing Research on Human Life Support in Space via Crowsourcing Self-Replicating Space Habitats

Fornaro, John, Why Human Spaceflight Matters

Friedman, Louis D., Paving Stones for the Flexible Path into the Solar System

Friedman, Louis D., Humans to Mars, Human Telepresence Beyond

Gallegos, Zachary E., Continuing Human Space Exploration: For the Future of Our Nation and Its People

Gargani, David J., Inspiration and Cooperation—A Pathway to the Future

Geirczak, Anthony E., III, The Importance of Continued Manned Spaceflight for Improving Economic and Quality of Life Issues on Earth

Gillin, Joseph P., Human Spaceflight and the Human Future

Globus, Al, Human Space Flight, Space Industrialization, Commercialization and Settlement

Gorenstein, Paul, Human Spaceflight and a Lunar Base

Gozdecki, Jonas, Stars Entrepreneurship Closer to All

Graham, E. H., Common Thoughts

Greenhouse, Matthew A., A Values-Based Approach toward National Space Policy

Greeson, David S., Separating Human Spaceflight Policy from National Politics: The Key to Long-Term Mission Success

Grondin, Yves, Why Human Spaceflight Exploration Matters

Hamill, Doris, The Neglected Challenge: Exploiting Near Space for Human Benefit

Hana, John D., U.S. Space 2020

Harper, Lynn D., Benefits and Challenges of Human Spaceflight in the 21st Century

Harrison, Michael F., The Imperative of Human Space Flight

Hawes, Michael, NRC Inputs

Haynes, Douglas E., White Paper

Heidmann, Richard, A New American Space Exploration Initiative Is Needed! A European Point of View

Heismann, August C., The Future of Human Space Flight

Henderson, Edward M., The Importance of Human Spaceflight

Howard, Robert L., The Role of Human Spaceflight and a Vision for a Suggested Future

Huntsman, David P., Answering the Questions: Why Government and Commercial Human Spaceflight; How to Get There, How to Keep it Sustainable, and the Need for NASA Reform

Huter, Paul B., Innovators, Adventurers, Explorers, Creators, Leaders

Jensen, Dale L., Efficient Rocket Engines

Jolliff, Bradley L., Why and How the United States Must Continue to Lead the World in Human Spaceflight

Joseph, Nikolai, Human Spaceflight

Kasting, James F., Servicing of Large Space Telescopes and Geosynchronous Satellites

Kennedy, Linda F., The Role of Human Spaceflight and Vision for a Suggested Future

Keras, Kevin F., Wither NASA? Earthly Pursuits to Fund Off-Planet Exploration

Kerwin, Joseph P., Leadership in Space Exploration

Kirkpatrick, Jim, AAS Input to the National Research Council’s Committee on Human Spaceflight

Kitmacher, Gary H., Reasons for Human Spaceflight; Cis-Lunar Technology Testbed

Korn, Paula, The Uncertain Future for U.S. Human Spaceflight

Krone, Bob, Philosophy for Humans in Space

Kuebler, Ulrich M., Role and Visions for Human Spaceflight

Kugler, Justin, Let Us Be Pioneers

Laine, Michael, LiftPort Lunar Space Elevator Infrastructure—Affordable Response to Human Spaceflight

Lawrence, Samuel J., The Benefits of Human Space Exploration to the United States and other Nations

Leeds, Gregory A., Countering China’s Future Space Proliferation Policy

Lester, Dan F., Telepresence and the Purpose of Human Spaceflight

Lillie, Charles F., The Future of Human Spaceflight

Mandell, Humboldt C., The Future of Human Spaceflight

Maniaci, Michael T., Bold Aspirations from the Land of the Free: A Civilian’s Perspective of American Spaceflight

Mapes, James M., The Philosophical Implications of Exoplanet Discovery on the Need for Human Spaceflight

Martin, Thomas N., III, Aerojet Rocketdyne Response to NRC Questions on NASA Human Spaceflight

McCain, Terence R., Switching Over: The Need to Transition from Human Wrench-Turners in Space to Advanced Robotics

McCandless, Bruce, II, Leadership through Human Spaceflight

McCarthy, Brendan, Spaceflight: A Duty of All Mankind

McMickell, M. Brett, Input to the National Research Council’s Committee on Human Spaceflight

Mohanty, Ashutosh, Propulsion Technologies

Molnar, Erwin P., The Future of Human Space Flight in the United States

Monteiro, Paulo L., Work in Progress

Moulin, Nicolas, Human Space Flight

Naik, Krishna D., Human Spaceflight Is the Ultimate Human Endeavor

Neal, Clive R., Human Solar System Exploration Achieved with a “Moon First” Pathway

Ness, Peter, Human Flights Are Essential for Mineral Exploration and Mining of the Moon, Mars and Asteroids

Norton, Paul, Minimal Requirement

Nye, William S., The Goal Is Mars: The Planetary Society’s Submission to the National Research Council on Human Spaceflight

Obenaus, Andre, The Importance of Human Space Flight to the Development of Medical Imaging

Okushi, Jun, A Short Review of the Necessity of Human Spaceflight Our Advocacy of a Decade

Oleson, Gary L., Toward a Thriving and Sustainable U.S. Human Spaceflight Program

Othman, Mazlan, The United Nations and Human Spaceflight

Overton, Ian M., Human Spaceflight: A Choice between Renaissance or Dark Age

Paluszek, Michael A., Human Spaceflight

Pellerin, Charles, Does Human Exploration Make Sense?

Pittman, Bruce, Human Space Flight Challenge

Pittman, Robert B., National Space Society (NSS) Response to the National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Human Spaceflight

Podnar, Gregg, We Must Explore Mars

Polk, James D., The Return on Investment of Human Spaceflight

Pomerantz, William J., The Benefits of Suborbital and Orbital Human Spaceflight

Pulham, Elliot H., Space Foundation Input to the Committee on Human Spaceflight

Raftery, Michael, Crossing This New Ocean

Rahul Arun Bagul, Capsule Project

Rahul Arun Bagul, Prototype Safety Parachute for Aerospace and Aeronautics Projects

Rahul Arun Bagul, Concept for Future Free Space Craft

Ramey, Christopher B., The Foundations of National Power and Human Spaceflight

Rice, Eric, Recommended Direction for the American Human Spaceflight Program

Richards, David L., America Needs a New Vision and Oversight Process for Its Human Spaceflight Program

Riley, Danny A., Bullet Point Responses to the 3 Questions

Riley, John T., Generating Vision with Science Fiction

Robinson, John W., The SPST Whitepaper on Space Development: The Justification for Human Space Development and Habitation Beyond Low Earth Orbit

Rodriguez, G. J., Architecting a Lunar Shipyard

Rovetto, Robert J., The Essential Role of Human Spaceflight

Sander, Michael J., Human Space Flight, Observations and Suggestions

Santos, Famar P., The Planetary Expressway

Sauvageau, Donald R., ATK Response to NRC Questions on NASA Human Spaceflight Program

Sawyer, Paul D., Why We Should Sit Out the Next Round of Manned Space Flight

Schindler, Jürgen R., The Benefits of Human Space Flight with Focus on Human Values

Schmatz, Michael J., Supremacy, Growth, and Inspiration: The Purpose of American Human Spaceflight

Schmitt, Harrison H., Deep Space Exploration: An American Imperative

Schwadron, Nathan A., Understanding and Predicting the Space Radiation Hazard—A Critical Element of Human Exploration Beyond Low Earth Orbit

Shaffer, Gabrielle M., The Necessity of NASA’s Human Spaceflight Program for Science and Technology

Shemansky, Donald E., The NASA Human Space Exploration Program Should Be Abandoned

Sherwood, Brent, Toward a Relevant Human Spaceflight Program

Skocik, Colin R., The Moon Before Mars: Why Obama Is Wrong on Space

Skocik, Colin R., Past and Future of the Space Program

Slazer, Frank, Aerospace Industries Association Input on Human Spaceflight

Smith, O. Glenn, Challenges to Sustainability

Smith, Philippe M., Why Human Spaceflight Is Important to the United States

Smith, Stephen C., A New Economy: U.S. Human Spaceflight in the 21st Century

Smith, William L., Human Spaceflight Scenarios

Smitherman, David V., A Department of Space to Enable Human Spaceflight and the Future Settlement of Space

Spearing, Scott F., Economizing on Human Space Flight

Spudis, Paul D., Human Spaceflight: Why and How?

Srivastava, Rajesh, Other Discover Earth

Staats, Kai K., Real Heroes: A Case for Continued U.S. Involvement in Human Space Exploration

Stolc, Viktor, Bio-Electromagnetic Countermeasures Against the Risks of Spaceflight Beyond Low Earth Orbit

Strangman, Gary E., The Value of Human Spaceflight

Strickland, John K., Jr., What Should We Be Doing in Space?

Summers, Richard L., Importance of Human Spaceflight Endeavors for the Future of Biomedical Research

Sweetser, Theodore H., Mars Is the Vision, the Question Is How

Taggart, Keith A., Input to the Committee on Human Spaceflight

Thronson, Harley A., If You Set Out to Go to Mars, Go to Mars

Tran, Ricky H., An Input on Human Spaceflight for the Last Ten Years

Vail, Joel, B., The Future Is in Exploration

Van Vaerenbergh, Stefan, Need of Spaceflight Gravity from Microbiology to Geology Studies

Vartorella, William F., ‘Lost Horizon’—Manned Missions Focused on Nanotechnologies, Astrobiology, Space Telescopes, and Advanced Materials Will Re-define NASA and NewSpace

Vedda, James A., Next Step for Human Spaceflight: Cislunar Development

Wanduragala, P., How to Overcome Limitations in Exploring Space Journeys (file unreadable)

Webber, Derek, Why We Need to Continue with Human Spaceflight

Wheelock, Terry W., “Human” Spaceflight

Whittington, Mark R., In Pursuit of Space Power

Wilkins, Richard T., The Value of Human Space Flight on Higher Education and the Minority Communities

Winn, Laurence B., The Case for a New Diaspora: Cosmic Dispersal

Woodard, Daniel, Practical Benefits for America

Woodcock, Gordon R., Human Space Flight

Woodlyn, Sjon O., Space Exploration: Foundation to Build a Global Response

Zimpfer, Douglas J., Future of Human Spaceflight: Draper Laboratory Response