References
AASHTO. 2019. Project Work Plan for NTPEP Laboratory Evaluation of Detectable Warning Systems. DWS-18-01. https://transportation.org/ntpep/wp-content/uploads/sites/49/2023/03/2018-DWS-Work-Plan-Final1.pdf.
American Public Transit Association. 2020. Transit Universal Design Guidelines: Principles and Best Practices for Implementing Universal Design in Transit. APTA SUDS-UD-GL-010-20. https://www.apta.com/wp-content/uploads/APTA-SUDS-UD-GL-010-20.pdf.
American Society of Landscape Architects. n.d. Professional Practice. Universal Design. https://www.asla.org/universaldesign.aspx.
Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board. 2023. Accessibility Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Way. Final Rule. Federal Register 78, no. 151, 36 CFR Part 1190. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2023-08-08/pdf/2023-16149.pdf.
BART. 2016. Criteria Architecture: Passenger Station Sites. https://www.bart.gov/sites/default/files/docs/G-%20BFS%20Criteria%20-%20Architecture%20-%20Passenger%20Station%20Site_0.pdf.
Behling, K. 2008. Anforderungen an die Profile und den Einsatz von Bodenindikatoren im oefentlichen Raum. Berlin, Germany: Workshop Bodenindikatoren, Deutsche Blinden- und Sehbehindertenverbandes (DBSV).
Bentzen, B. L., A. C. Scott, J. M. Barlow, R. W. Emerson, and J. Graham. 2022. Guidance Surface to Help Vision-Disabled Pedestrians Locate Crosswalks and Align to Cross. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2676, no. 10: pp. 645–655. https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981221090934.
Bentzen, B. L., A. C. Scott, R. W. Emerson, and J. M. Barlow. 2020. Effect of Tactile Walking Surface Indicators on Travelers with Mobility Disabilities. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 7: pp. 398–409. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198120922995.
Bentzen, B. L., A. C. Scott, and L. Myers. 2020. Delineator for Separated Bicycle Lanes at Sidewalk Level. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 7: pp. 398–409. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198120922991.
Bentzen, B. L., J. M. Barlow, R. W. Emerson, B. Schroeder, and P. Ryus. 2021. Tactile Walking Surface Indicators in the United States and Internationally. NIDILRR grant #90IF0127. https://www.pedbikeinfo.org/cms/downloads/TWSI%20review-Bentzen-NIDILRR.pdf.
Bentzen, B. L., J. M. Barlow, A. C. Scott, D. Guth, R. Long, and J. Graham. 2017. Wayfinding Problems for Blind Pedestrians at Noncorner Crosswalks. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2661: pp. 120–25. https://doi.org/10.3141/2661-14.
Bentzen, B. L., J. M. Barlow, and L. Tabor. 2000. Detectable Warnings: Synthesis of U.S. and International Practice. U.S. Access Board.
Bentzen, B. L., and L. A. Myers. 1997. Human Factors Research, Appendix C. Detectable Warnings Evaluation Services. Crain & Associates, Inc., Menlo Park, CA.
Bentzen, B. L., T. L. Nolin, R. D. Easton, L. Desmarais, and P. A. Mitchell. 1994. Detectable Warnings: Detectability by Individuals with Visual Impairments, and Safety and Negotiability on Slopes for Persons with Physical Impairments. DOT-VNTSC-FTA-94-4 and FTA-MA-06-0201-94-2. U.S. DOT, Federal Transit Administration, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, and Project ACTION, National Easter Seal Society.
Böhringer, D. 2004. “Wertlos - brauchbar –sehr gut: Über Sinn und Unsinn von Bodenindikatoren; Ergebnisse von ‘Leitlinientests’ und Folgerungen daraus.” In “Qualitäten”: Rehabilitation und Pädagogik bei Blindheit und Sehbehinderung. University of Dortmund.
Böhringer, D. 2007. “Barrierefreier Raum für blinde- und sehbehinderte Menschen: Aktueller Standard und neue Ideen.” In Beauftragter für blinden- und sehbehindertengerechtes Planen und Bauen des Verbandes der Blinden- und Sehbehindertenpädagogen und-pädagoginnen. Landratsamt, Marktoberdorf, Germany. https://www.behindertenbeauftragte-oal.de/fileadmin/PDF/Netzwerk_Allg%C3%A4u/Veranstaltungen/Referat_bebildert_04_Boehringer.pdf.
Childs, C., T. Fujiyama, D. Boampong, C. Holloway, H. Rostron, K. Morgan, and N. Tyler. 2010. Shared Space Delineators: Are They Detectable? Unpublished report, Transport for London.
Couturier, J., and A. Ratelle. 2010. Teaching Orientation and Mobility for Adverse Weather Conditions. American Foundation for the Blind, New York.
Department for Transport. Guidance on the Use of Tactile Paving Surfaces. 1998. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, London. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f621c65e90e072bb72ad60a/tactile-paving-surfaces.pdf.
Department for Transport. Guidance on the Use of Tactile Paving Surfaces. 2021. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, London. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/61df0c91e90e07037794fe90/guidance-on-the-use-of-tactile-paving-surfaces.pdf.
Elliot, J., K. Lohse, J. Toole, I. Lockwood, J. Barlow, B. L. Bentzen, and C. Porter. 2017. Accessible Shared Streets: Notable Practices and Considerations for Accommodating Pedestrians with Vision Disabilities. FHWA-HEP-17-096. FHWA.
Estakhri, C. K., and R. Smith. 2005. Detectable Warning Products: Installation, Maintenance, and Durability Considerations. AASHTO.
FMG Architects. 2015. “Tactile Path @ BART” meeting minutes, July 10, 2015.
Fujinami, K., N. Mizukami, H. Ohno, H. Suzuki, A. Shinomiya, O. Sueda, and M. Tauchi. 2005. Tactile Ground Surface Indicator Widening and Its Effect on Users’ Detection Abilities. Quarterly Report of RTRI 46, no. 1: pp. 40–45. https://doi.org/10.2219/rtriqr.46.40.
Gallon, C. 1992. Tactile Surfaces in the Pedestrian Environment: Experiments in Wolverhampton. Contractor Report 317. Crowthorne, UK: Transport and Road Research Laboratory.
Gallon, C., and A. Fowkes. 1992. Tactile Surfaces in a Railway Station Environment. Bedford, UK: Centre for Logistics and Transportation, Cranfield Institute of Technology.
Gallon, C., P. Oxley, and B. Simms. 1991. Tactile Footway Surfaces for the Blind. Contractor Report 257. Crowthorne, UK: Transport and Road Research Laboratory.
Gallon, C., B. Simms, J. Clark, and B. Ayala. 1992. The Development of Training Methods to Enable Visually Impaired Pedestrians to use Tactile Surfaces. Bedford, UK: Centre for Logistics and Transportation, Cranfield Institute of Technology.
Hauger, J. S., J. C. Rigby, M. Safewright, and W. J. McAuley. 1996. Detectable Warning Surfaces at Curb Ramps. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness 90, no. 6: pp. 512–525.
HNTB and Kwan Henmi. 2018. BART Accessibility Improvement Program: Summary Report.
Hughes, R. G. 1995. An Evaluation of Detectable Warnings in Curb Ramps: Mobility Considerations for the Blind and Visually Impaired. Prepared for Florida DOT. University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, Chapel Hill, NC.
ISO. 2019. Assistive Products for Persons with Vision Impairments and Persons with Vision and Hearing Impairments—Tactile Walking Surface Indicators. ISO 23599:2019.
Jenness, J., and J. Singer. 2006. Visual Detection of Detectable Warning Materials by Pedestrians with Visual Impairments. Task Order 18, Project DTFH61-01-C-00049. FHWA.
Kemp, P. 2003. Truncated Warning Dome Systems for Handicap Access Ramps. WI-04-03. Madison: Wisconsin DOT.
Ketola, N., and D. Chia. 1994. Detectable Warnings: Testing and Performance Evaluation at Transit Stations. FTA.
Kirk, A. R. 2004. Durability of Truncated Dome Warnings on Existing Curb Ramps. SPR 304-241. Oregon DOT.
LA Metro. 2015. Metro Rail Design Criteria Section 6: Architectural.
Landry, J., A. Ratelle, and O. Overbury. 2010. “Efficiency and Safety Evaluation of Detectable Warning Surfaces in Winter Conditions: Effects of Color and Material.” Presented at the 12th International Conference on Mobility and Transport for the Elderly and Disabled Persons (TRANSED), Hong Kong.
Langevin, S., K. Becker, E. Bochin, M. Pernot, and J. Suzineau. 2014. “Implantation de bandes d’interception : aide au cheminement pour les personnes déficientes visuelles.” In La ville sous nos pieds : connaissances et pratiques favorables aux mobilités piétonnes, ed. M.-S. Cloutier, J.-M. Auberlet, J.-F. Bruneau, A. Dommes, M.-A. Granié, S. Paquin, N. Saunier, T. Serre, and J. Torres, pp. 253–261. Montreal: INRS. https://espace.inrs.ca/id/eprint/4436.
McGean, T. 1991. Innovative Solutions for Disabled Transit Accessibility. UMTA-OH-06-0056-91-8. Urban Mass Transportation Administration.
Mitani, S., S. Fujisawa, N. Yamada, M. Tauchi, T. Kato, and O. Sueda. 2007. Detecting and Recognizing of Tactile Walking Surface Indicators by White Canes and by Foot-Sole. Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers 43, no. 3: pp. 172–179.
Mitani, S., T. Hamada, S. Fujisawa, O. Sueda, and M. Tauchi. 2011. “Measurement of Visibility of TWSIs Perceived by LVs.” In Everyday Technology Independence and Care: AAATE 2011, ed. G. J. Gelderblom, M. Soede, L. Adriaens, and K. Miesenberger, pp. 618–625. Amsterdam: IOS Press.
Mitani, S., T. Yoshida, S. Kobayashi, S. Fujisawa, O. Sueda, and M. Tauchi. 2009. “Study on Illuminance Dependency of Color Identification Characteristics for Persons with Low Visual Capacity.” In Assistive Technology
from Adapted Equipment to Inclusive Environments: AAATE 2009, ed. P. L. Emiliani, L. Burzagli, and A. Como, pp. 468–472. Amsterdam: IOS Press.
Mitani, S., T. Yoshida, H. Minato, S. Fujisawa, and O. Sueda. 2007. “Measurement of Luminance Contrast Sensitivity of Persons with Low Visual Capability in Order to Secure the Visibility of Tactile Walking Surface Indicators.” In Challenges for Assistive Technology: AAATE 07, ed. G. Eizmendi, J. M. Azkoitia, and G. M. Craddock, pp. 326–330. Amsterdam: IOS Press.
Mitchell, M. 1988. Pathfinder Tactile Tile Demonstration Test Project. Miami: Metro Dade Transit Agency.
Mizukami, N., K. Fujinami, H. Ohno, and H. Suzuki. 2002. Research on the Utilization of Tactile Tiles and Behavior of Visually Impaired Persons on Railway Platform. Tokyo: Railway Technical Research Institute.
Na, S., S. Vahidi, H. Nguyen, A. ElSafety, and G. Hsuan. 2018. Sunlight Degradation of Polymeric Detectable Warning Surface Products. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 12: pp. 127–136. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198118796380.
NACTO. 2013. Urban Street Design Guide. https://nacto.org/publication/urban-street-design-guide.
Nakamura, T., S. Kishi, A. Fujii, and M. Tauchi. 2008. Detectability of Low-Profile Dots Used as Tactile Walking Surface Indicators for Visually Impaired Persons with Minimal Impact on Other Pedestrians. Journal of the Japanese Society for Low-Vision Research and Rehabilitation 8: pp. 32–38.
Nakamura, T., A. Nishioka, and N. Suemitsu. 2009. Effect of Height and Orientation on Detectability and Direction Discrimination of New Bar-Shaped Tactile Walking Surface Indicators. Journal of the Japanese Society for Low-Vision Research and Rehabilitation 9: pp. 69–75.
Nakamura, T., M. Tauchi, A. Noriyoshi, and Y. Tomomoto. 2011. Effects of the Height of Tactile Walking Surface Indicators on Detection of Change in Tactile Pattern from Bar to Dot Tile by the Sole of the Foot. Journal of the Japanese Society for Low-Vision Research and Rehabilitation 11: pp. 112–118.
NITE. 1998. Report of Fundamental Research on Standardization Relating to Tactile Tiles for Guiding the Visually Impaired: Aiming at Standardization of Patterns. Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Japan.
NITE. 2000. Report of Fundamental Research on Standardization Relating to Tactile Tiles for Guiding the Visually Impaired: Targeting Standardization of Patterns. Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Japan.
NYC DOT. 2015. “Neighborhood Slow Zone: Hudson Heights, Manhattan.” Presentation to Manhattan Community Board 12 Transportation Committee, February 2, 2015.
NYC DOT. 2016. Strategic Plan 2016. https://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/downloads/pdf/Strategic-plan-2016.pdf.
NYC DOT. 2017. “Flatiron Shared Street.” Presentation to the CB 5 Transportation & Environment Committee. November 27, 2017.
O’Leary, A. A., P. B. Lockwood, and R. V. Taylor. 1996. Evaluation of Detectable Warning Surfaces for Sidewalk Curb Ramps. Transportation Research Record 1538, no. 1: pp. 47–53. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198196153800106.
Peck, A. F., and B. L. Bentzen. 1987. Tactile Warnings to Promote Safety in the Vicinity of Transit Platform Edges. UMTA-MA-06-0120-87-1. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, MA.
Pembuain, A., S. Priyanto, and L. B. Suparma. 2019. The Evaluation of Tactile Ground Surface Indicator Condition and Effectiveness on the Sidewalk in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. IATSS Research 44, no. 1: pp. 17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iatssr.2019.04.002.
San Francisco Public Works and San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency. 2019. “Better Market Street” market board from public outreach meeting, June 2019.
Savill, T. A., C. Gallon, and G. McHardy. 1997. Delineation for Cyclists and Visually Impaired Pedestrians on Segregated, Shared Routes. TRL report 287. Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, London.
Savill, T. A., J. Stone, and G. Whitney. 1998. Can Older Vision Impaired People Remember the Meanings of Tactile Surfaces Used in the United Kingdom? Crowthorne, UK: Transport Research Laboratory.
Sawai, H., J. Takato, and M. Tauchi. 1998. “Quantitative Measurement of Tactile Contrast between Dot and Bar Tiles Used to Constitute Tactile Pathway for the Blind and Visually Impaired Independent Travelers.” In Conference Proceedings: The 9th International Mobility Conference, pp. 178–181. VA Rehabilitation Research and Development Center, Atlanta, GA.
Schulthiess, B., and J. Chrzan. 2019. “Understanding the Evolution of the AASHTO Bike Guide.” Presented at the Association of Bicycle and Pedestrian Professionals Conference, August 26, 2019.
Scott, A. C., J. M. Barlow, D. A. Guth, B. L. Bentzen, C. M. Cunningham, and R. Long. 2011a. Nonvisual Cues for Aligning to Cross Streets. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 105, no. 10: pp. 648–661.
Scott, A. C., J. M. Barlow, D. A. Guth, B. L. Bentzen, C. M. Cunningham, and R. Long. 2011b. Walking between the Lines: Nonvisual Cues for Maintaining Headings During Street Crossings. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 105, no. 10: pp. 662–674.
SoundTransit. 2018. Design Criteria Manual: Revision 5. Seattle, WA.
Ståhl, A., M. Almen, and M. Wemme. 2004. Orientation Using Guidance Surfaces—Blind Tests of Tactility in Surfaces with Different Materials and Structure. Swedish Road Association.
Swobodzinski, M., A. Parker, E. Schaller, and D. Snow. 2022. Pedestrian Wayfinding under Consideration of Visual Impairment, Blindness, and Deafblindness: A Mixed-Method Investigation into Individual Experiences and Supporting Elements. NITC, Portland, OR. https://ppms.trec.pdx.edu/media/project_files/NITC-RR-1327-Pedestrian_Wayfinding_Under_Consideration-of_Visual_Impairment_Blindness_and_Deafblindness.pdf.
Takeda, M., Y. Watanabe, R. Takahashi, and M. Tauchi. 2006. A Study for Directionality of Bar-Shaped, Tactile Walking Surface Indicator Examined by Vision Impaired Persons. Japanese Journal of Ergonomics 42: pp. 190–199.
Templer, J. A., J. D. Wineman, and C. M. Zimring. 1982. Design Guidelines to Make Crossing Structures Accessible to the Physically Handicapped. DTF-H61-80-C-00131. FHWA.
Tijerina, L., J. L. Jackson, and C. E. Tornow. 1994. The Impact of Transit Station Platform Edge Warning Surfaces on Persons with Visual Impairments and Persons with Mobility Impairments. Contract No. FE-6591. Battelle/WMATA, Washington, DC.
UCL. 2008. Testing Proposed Delineators to Demarcate Pedestrian Paths in a Shared Space Environment: Report of Design Trials Conducted at University College London Pedestrian Accessibility and Movement Environment Laboratory (PAMELA). Reading, UK: Guide Dogs for the Blind Association.
U.S. DOJ. 2010. 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design. GPO, Washington, DC.
U.S. DOT. 2006. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Standards for Transportation Facilities. https://www.access-board.gov/files/ada/ADAdotstandards.pdf.
Williams, M. 1987. Tactile Markings for the Guidance of Blind Pedestrians on Facilities Shared with Cyclists. Traffic Engineering and Control 28, no. 3: pp. 124–126.
