Appendix

Biographical Sketches of Committee Members

H. LUKE SHAEFER (Chair) is the Hermann and Amalie Kohn professor of social policy at the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy at the University of Michigan (UM). At UM, he also serves as the inaugural director of Poverty Solutions, an interdisciplinary, presidential initiative that partners with communities and policymakers to find new ways to prevent and alleviate poverty. Shaefer’s research centers on poverty and social welfare policy in the United States, and he has published in top peer-reviewed academic journals in the fields of public policy, social work, public health, health services research, and history. His work has been supported by grants from the National Science Foundation, the Gates Foundation, and the U.S. Census Bureau, among others. Shaefer has presented his research at the White House and before numerous federal agencies, and he has testified before the U.S. Senate Finance Committee and advised several of the nation’s largest human service providers. He has a Ph.D. in social service administration from the University of Chicago.

FLORENCIA TORCHE (Vice chair) is the Edwards S. Sanford professor of sociology and public and international affairs at Princeton University. Her research focuses on social inequality and social mobility, educational disparities, and marriage and family dynamics. Torche’s recent scholarship focuses on the influence of early-life exposures and circumstances—starting before birth—on individual health, development, and well-being using natural experiments and causal inference approaches. She has led large data collection projects, including the first national social mobility surveys in Chile and Mexico. Torche has a Ph.D. in sociology from Columbia University. She

is an elected member at the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the American Academy of Political & Social Science. Recently, Torche served as member of the National Academy of Sciences Committee on Addressing the Long-Term Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children and Families.

MARTHA J. BAILEY is professor of economics in the Department of Economics and the director of the California Center for Population Research at the University of California, Los Angeles. She is also a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research. Bailey’s research focuses on issues in labor economics, demography, and health in the United States within the long-run perspective of economic history. Her work examines the determinants of the gender gap as well as the short- and long-term effects of Great Society programs. Bailey has written numerous articles and coedited three books. Currently, she leads the National Science Foundation–funded Longitudinal, Intergenerational Family Electronic Micro-data project and the National Institutes of Health-funded Michigan Contraceptive Access Research and Evaluation Study. Bailey has served as an editor for the Journal of Labor Economics and Demography. She has a Ph.D. in economics from Vanderbilt University.

LAWRENCE (LONNIE) M. BERGER is associate vice chancellor for research in the social sciences, Sheila B. Kamerman and Alfred J. Kahn professor of social policy, and Vilas distinguished achievement professor in the School of Social Work at the University of Wisconsin–Madison (UW). Prior to this, he was director of the Institute for Research on Poverty at UW. Berger’s research focuses on the ways in which economic resources, sociodemographic characteristics, and public policies affect parental behaviors and child and family well-being, and it aims to inform public policy by improving its capacity to assist families in accessing resources, improving family functioning and well-being, and ensuring that children can grow and develop in the best possible environments. He is engaged in studies in three primary areas: examining the determinants of substandard parenting, child maltreatment, and out-of-home placement for children; exploring associations among socioeconomic factors (family structure and composition, economic resources, household debt), parenting behaviors, and children’s care, development, and well-being; and assessing the influence of public policies on parental behaviors and child and family well-being. Berger has a Ph.D. in social work from Columbia University.

TYSON H. BROWN is associate professor of sociology at Duke University where he holds the W.L.F. endowed chair. His program of research examines the who, when, and how questions regarding racial inequities

in health and wealth. Brown has authored numerous articles in leading journals in the fields of sociology, demography, and population health, and his research contributions have been recognized with awards from the American Sociological Association. He was the inaugural Duke Presidential fellow, the recipient of Duke University’s Thomas Langford Award, and a resident fellow at Oxford University. Brown was awarded funding for his training and research from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the Ford Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health. He has served in leadership positions within professional organizations, including on the Board of Directors of the Population Association of America, as well as on the editorial boards of journals such as Social Forces, Demography, Social Psychology Quarterly, and the Journal of Health and Social Behavior. Brown has a Ph.D. in sociology from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

JOHNAVAE CAMPBELL is a senior manager in child welfare and education at ICF International, Inc. She has more than 15 years of experience conducting and managing evaluations using mixed-methods data collection strategies. Campbell evaluates antiracist, culturally responsive teaching strategies for educational programs, specifically those focused on efforts to promote awareness in science, technology, engineering, and math careers and among students from underrepresented populations. She also serves as a senior evaluator on the National Science Foundation–funded Inclusion across the Nation of Communities of Learners of Underrepresented Discoverers in Engineering and Science Initiative, which seeks to broaden science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) participation and retention efforts for first-generation college students, specifically bolstering access and readiness efforts in West Virginia and Arizona. Campbell’s research includes program evaluation specializing in collaborative approaches, college access, broadening STEM participation, and issues of equity. She has evaluation expertise in managing Department of Education–funded grants conducting experimental and quasi-experimental impact and fidelity of implementation study designs. Campbell is a graduate of the University of North Carolina and served as an adjunct professor in the School of Education, where she completed her doctoral degree.

STEFANIE A. DELUCA is the James Coleman professor of sociology and social policy in the Department of Sociology at the Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Arts & Sciences, director of the Poverty and Inequality Research Lab, and Research Principal at Opportunity Insights at Harvard University. She has written extensively on education, neighborhoods, housing policies, and mobility among low-income families. DeLuca’s research has been made possible by support from the Annie E. Casey Foundation, Abell Foundation, Spencer Foundation, National Academy of Education,

William T. Grant Foundation, Gates Foundation, Russell Sage Foundation, the National Science Foundation, and the Department of Education. She serves on a Federal Research Advisory Commission at the Department of Housing and Urban Development and has been invited to share her research to support policy recommendations at the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Department of Education, the Department of Health and Human Services, and for several state legislatures. DeLuca is an elected member of the Sociological Research Association and received the Publicly Engaged Scholar Award from the American Sociological Association. She has a Ph.D. in human development and social policy from Northwestern University.

SUSAN MARIE DYNARSKI is Patricia Albjerg Graham professor of education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, a faculty research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research, and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the National Academy of Education. Her research focuses on understanding and reducing inequality in education. Dynarski uses large-scale datasets and quantitative methods of causal inference to understand the effects of financial aid, postsecondary schooling, class size, high school reforms, and charter schools on academic achievement and educational attainment. She was selected as a Carnegie fellow, and she has been awarded the Spencer Foundation Award by the Association for Public Policy and Management for excellence in research. The National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators awarded Dynarski the Robert P. Huff Golden Quill Award for excellence in research on student aid, and she was named a top ten influencer by The Chronicle of Higher Education. She has served on the board of editors of the American Economic Journal/Economic Policy and The Journal of Labor Economics and Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis; in addition, she has served on the board of the Association for Public Policy and Management and is past president of the Association for Education Finance and Policy and Midwest Economics Association. Dynarski has a B.A. and M.P.P. from Harvard University and a Ph.D. in economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

DAVID B. GRUSKY is Edward Ames Edmonds professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences at Stanford University, professor of sociology, senior fellow at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, director of the Stanford Center on Poverty and Inequality, faculty fellow at the Center for Population Health Sciences, and coeditor of Pathways Magazine. He carries out research in inequality, poverty, mobility, gender, and quantitative and qualitative methods. Grusky is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, corecipient of the Max Weber Award,

founder of the Cornell University Center for the Study of Inequality, and a former National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator. He is an elected member of the National Academy of Sciences. His recent books include Inequality in the 21st Century (with J. Hill, 2017), Social Stratification (with K. Weisshaar, 2014), Occupy the Future (with D. McAdam, R. Reich, & D. Satz, 2012), The New Gilded Age (with T. Kricheli-Katz, 2011), and The Great Recession (with B. Western & C. Wimer, 2011). Grusky has a Ph.D. in sociology from the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

KATHLEEN MULLAN HARRIS is the James E. Haar distinguished professor of sociology and adjunct professor of public policy in the Carolina Population Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Her research centers on social inequality and health with a focus on health disparities, biodemography, social science genomics, and life course and aging processes. Harris continues to work with an interdisciplinary set of scholars from sociology, epidemiology, nutrition, economics, cardiology, genetics, and survey methods to publish research on such topics as the health effects of despair, isolation, and stress; social genetic effects; health costs of upward mobility; early life origins of biological aging; and the obesity epidemic and young adult health. She was awarded the Golden Goose Award from the U.S. Congress for major breakthroughs in medicine, social behavior, and technological research and the Irene Taeuber Award from the Population Association of America in recognition of original and important contributions to the scientific study of population. Harris is an elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences as well as a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. She is an elected member of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has a Ph.D. in demography from the University of Pennsylvania.

FABIAN T. PFEFFER is professor of sociology at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich) in Germany and founding director of the Munich International Stone Center for Inequality Research. Prior to his appointment at LMU Munich, he served as founding director of the Stone Center for Inequality Dynamics at the University of Michigan. Pfeffer’s research investigates social inequality and its maintenance across generations and time. His current projects focus on wealth inequality and its consequences for the next generation as well as the contexts and consequences of social mobility. Pfeffer holds a Ph.D. in sociology from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Previously, Pfeffer was an invited expert for the 2018 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s (National Academies’) expert meeting on Using Longitudinal Studies of Younger Cohorts for Aging Research and as a steering committee member for the 2022 National Academies’ workshop on Strengthening the Evidence Base to Improve Economic and Social Mobility in the United States.

PATRICK SHARKEY is William S. Tod professor of sociology and public affairs in the Princeton School of Public and International Affairs and the Department of Sociology at Princeton University. Prior to this appointment, he served as chair of sociology at New York University and as scientific director at Crime Lab New York. Sharkey is also founder of AmericaViolence.org. His research focuses on urban inequality, violence, and public policy. He is widely published in areas such as community violence, neighborhood crime, economic mobility, and the relationship between child test scores and localized crime. Sharkey received his Ph.D. in sociology and social policy from Harvard University.

MARTA TIENDA is Maurice P. During ’22 professor in demographic studies, professor of sociology and public affairs emerita, and a visiting senior scholar at the Center for Research on Child Wellbeing at Princeton University. She is president of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, past president of the Population Association of America, and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Education, and the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences. Tienda currently serves on the boards of the Urban Institute, the Holdsworth Center for Excellence in Public Education, and the Robin Hood Foundation. Her research, which has been supported by U.S. Department of Labor, the Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Science Foundation, and the Mellon, Spencer, and Ford Foundations addresses racial and ethnic differences in various metrics of social inequality, international migration, immigrant integration, and access to higher education. Tienda has a Ph.D. in sociology from the University of Texas at Austin and received honorary doctorates from the Ohio State University, Lehman College, Bank Street College, and her alma mater, Michigan State University.

KENNETH R. TROSKE is Richard W. and Janis H. Furst endowed chair of economics at the University of Kentucky and the chair of the Economics Department. He also serves as research fellow with the Institute for the Study of Labor and chair of the American Economic Association’s Committee on Government Relations. Troske’s primary research areas are labor and human resource economics. He has authored numerous papers utilizing employer–employee matched data on topics such as education, productivity, technology, and discrimination. Previously, Troske served as a member of the Congressional Oversight Panel, whose task was to assess the existing condition of America’s financial markets, as well as a commissioner on the Commission for Evidence-based Policymaking and on the Federal Advisory Committee on Data for Evidence Building. He has a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Chicago.