Addressing Workforce Challenges Across the Behavioral Health Continuum of Care: Proceedings of a Workshop (2025)

Chapter: Appendix C: Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Addressing Workforce Challenges Across the Behavioral Health Continuum of Care: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/28583.
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Appendix C

Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers

Patient-Level

Blackmore, M. A., et al. 2018. Comparison of collaborative care and colocation treatment for patients with clinically significant depression symptoms in primary care. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30152273/

Chung, H., et al. 2023. Medicaid costs and utilization of collaborative versus colocation care for patients with depression. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37221885/

Yang, K. G., et al. 2024. Collaborative care for depression and anxiety: Racial–ethnic differences in treatment engagement and outcomes. https://ps.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.ps.20230482

Health Care Providers

Bateman, T. M., and C. McCarthy. 2020. Linked pharmacist–provider new patient visits in primary care. https://www.ajmc.com/view/linked-pharmacistprovider-new-patient-visits-in-primary-care

Beck, A. J., et al. 2018. Estimating the distribution of the U.S. psychiatric subspecialist workforce. https://behavioralhealthworkforce.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Y3-FA2-P2-Psych-Sub_Full-Report-FINAL2.19.2019.pdf

Beck, A. J., et al. 2018. Mapping supply of the U.S. psychiatric workforce. https://www.behavioralhealthworkforce.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Y3-FA1-P2-Psych-Mapping-Full-Report-with-Appendix.pdf

Delaney, K. R. 2023. Inclusion of psychiatric–mental health advanced practice nurses in federal behavioral workforce planning. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38088040/

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Addressing Workforce Challenges Across the Behavioral Health Continuum of Care: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/28583.
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McCarthy, C., and T. M. Bateman. 2022. Impact of pharmacist-led chronic disease management in a Federally Qualified Health Center. https://accpjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jac5.1720

Financing and Payment

Manderscheid, M. 2024. Providing a home for the behavioral health workforce. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/providing-home-behavioral-health-workforce-ron-manderscheid-phd-ns5ne

Manderscheid, M., and A. Ward. 2024. Looking toward the future of integrated care: History, developments, and opportunities. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11414–024–09894–3

Mark, T. L., and W. J. Parish. 2024. Behavioral health parity—pervasive disparities in access to in-network care continue. https://dpjh8al9zd3a4.cloudfront.net/publication/behavioral-health-parity-pervasive-disparities-access-network-care-continue/fulltext.pdf

Structural and Policy Challenges

Bass, E., et al. 2024. Why do stayers stay? Perceptions of White and Black long-term employees in a community mental health center. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38850384/

Fukui, S., et al. 2013. The perceptions of supervisory support scale. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23377768/

Fukui, S., et al. 2021. Factors that affect quality of care among mental health providers: Focusing on job stress and resources. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8376230/

Fukui, S., et al. 2023. Applying machine learning to human resources data: Predicting job turnover among community mental health center employees. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10424701/

Kyere, E., and S. Fukui. 2022. Structural racism, workforce diversity, and mental health disparities: A critical review. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9361976/

Oh, S., et al. 2022. Trends in participation in Medicare among psychiatrists and psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners, 2013–2019. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2794792

Turi, E., et al. 2023. The effectiveness of nurse practitioner care for patients with mental health conditions in primary care settings: A systematic review. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0029655423001008

Yang, B. K., et al. 2017. Nurse practitioner independent practice authority and mental health service delivery in U.S. community health centers. https://ps.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.ps.201600495

Yang, B. K., et al. 2020. State nurse practitioner practice regulations and U.S. health care delivery outcomes: A systematic review. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1077558719901216

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Addressing Workforce Challenges Across the Behavioral Health Continuum of Care: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/28583.
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Challenges Across Different Settings

HHS (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services). 2022. The U.S. surgeon general’s framework for workplace mental health & well-being. https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/workplace-mental-health-well-being.pdf

NASMHPD (National Association of State Mental Health Program Directors). 2024. Behavioral health workforce resource guide. https://nasmhpd.org/sites/default/files/2024–04/NASMHPD-Workforce-Resource-Guide-March-2024–508.pdf

Innovations and Technology

Agarwal, S., et al. 2022. Evaluation of mental health mobile applications. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK580948/

Aguilera, A., et al. 2024. Effectiveness-implementation hybrid trial of Spanish language, digital cognitive-behavioral therapy (dCBT) intervention for depression and anxiety—protocol for the SUPERA (SUpport from PEeRs to expand Access) study. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38145715/

Eustis, E. H., et al. 2023. Cultural responsivity in technology-enabled services: Integrating culture into technology and service components. https://www.jmir.org/2023/1/e45409/

Hasan, F., et al. 2022. Comparative efficacy of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34902820/

Karyotaki, E., et al. 2021. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for depression: A systematic review and individual patient data network meta-analysis. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33471111/

Luo, E, et al. 2022. Behavioral health workforce tracker: Data and methods. The George Washington University Fitzhugh Mullan Institute for Health Workforce Equity. https://www.gwhwi.org/uploads/4/3/3/5/43358451/behavioral_health_workforce_tracker_-_data_and_methods.pdf

Mohr, D. C., et al. 2017. Three problems with current digital mental health research . . . and three things we can do about them. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28412890/

Mohr, D. C., et al. 2021. Banbury Forum Consensus Statement on the Path Forward for Digital Mental Health Treatment. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33467872/

Morales-Pillado, C., et al. 2023. Efficacy of technology-based interventions in psychosis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36472150/

Mosche, I., et al. 2021. Digital interventions for the treatment of depression: A meta-analytic review. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34898233/

Muñoz, A. O., et al. 2021. Marketplace and literature review of Spanish language mental health apps. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8521936/

Paule, D., et al. 2023. Two decades of digital interventions for anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of treatment effectiveness. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34047264/

Schueller, S. M., et al. 2019. Use of digital mental health for marginalized and underserved populations. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7463f1tk

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Addressing Workforce Challenges Across the Behavioral Health Continuum of Care: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/28583.
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Schueller, S. M., and T. Histon. 2023. Digital tools for youth mental health. https://kids.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frym.2023.1169684.

Steubl, L., et al. 2021. Mechanisms of change in Internet- and mobile-based interventions for PTSD: A systematic review and meta-analysis. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8128120/

Wennberg, J., and A. Gittelsohn. 1973. Small area variations in health care delivery: A population based health information system can guide planning and regulatory decision-making. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.182.4117.1102

General Workforce Challenges

O’Connell, W. P., et al. 2024. Behavioral health workforce development in Washington State: Addition of a behavioral health support specialist. https://ps.psychiatryonline.org/doi/full/10.1176/appi.ps.20230312

Hartnett, T., et al. 2023. Strengthening the integrated care workforce. https://bipartisanpolicy.org/report/strengthening-the-integrated-care-workforce/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email

National Conference of State Legislatures. 2024. Mental health workforce toolkit. https://www.ncsl.org/labor-and-employment/mental-health-workforce-toolkit

Page 85 Cite
Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Addressing Workforce Challenges Across the Behavioral Health Continuum of Care: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/28583.
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A career pathway chart titled ‘New Medi-Cal Reimbursable Career Pathways to Support ACEs Networks of Care’ illustrates roles in behavioral health from ages 12+ to adulthood. It includes new reimbursable positions such as Peer-to-Peer in-school, Peer Specialists, Community Health Workers, Doulas, Wellness Coaches, and Licensed Therapists. Funding sources and degree requirements are listed. A career pathway chart titled ‘New Medi-Cal Reimbursable Career Pathways to Support ACEs Networks of Care’ illustrates roles in behavioral health from ages 12+ to adulthood. It includes new reimbursable positions such as Peer-to-Peer in-school, Peer Specialists, Community Health Workers, Doulas, Wellness Coaches, and Licensed Therapists. Funding sources and degree requirements are listed.
FIGURE C-1 New Medi-Cal reimbursable career pathways to support ACEs networks of care.
SOURCE: California Children’s Trust, https://cachildrenstrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Provider-Class-Pathway.pdf (accessed September 23, 2024).
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Addressing Workforce Challenges Across the Behavioral Health Continuum of Care: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/28583.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Addressing Workforce Challenges Across the Behavioral Health Continuum of Care: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/28583.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Addressing Workforce Challenges Across the Behavioral Health Continuum of Care: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/28583.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Addressing Workforce Challenges Across the Behavioral Health Continuum of Care: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/28583.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Addressing Workforce Challenges Across the Behavioral Health Continuum of Care: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/28583.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Addressing Workforce Challenges Across the Behavioral Health Continuum of Care: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/28583.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Readings and Resources Shared by Workshop Speakers." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Addressing Workforce Challenges Across the Behavioral Health Continuum of Care: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/28583.
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