Innovations in Pharmacy Training and Sustainable Practice to Advance Patient Care: Proceedings of a Workshop (2025)
Chapter: Front Matter
Proceedings of a Workshop
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This activity was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy; American College of Clinical Pharmacy; American Pharmacists Association; American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; Mary Anne Koda-Kimble; Pharmacy Deans Research Group; and Walgreens. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-99576-4
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/29229
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Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Innovations in pharmacy training and sustainable practice to advance patient care: Proceedings of a workshop. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/29229.
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WORKSHOP PLANNING COMMITTEE1
JONATHAN WATANABE (Chair), University of California, San Francisco School of Pharmacy
OLUWARANTI “RANTI” AKIYODE, Howard University College of Pharmacy
THOMAS BATEMAN, Henry J. Austin Health Center and Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey School of Pharmacy
NICOLE BRANDT, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy
MARIE A. CHISHOLM-BURNS, Oregon Health & Science University
SUZANNE HARRIS, University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy
S. CLAIBORNE JOHNSTON, Harbor Health
DAWN KASHELLE LOCKMAN, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine
LEIGH ANN ROSS, Auburn University College of Pharmacy
JENNIFER BACCI (NAM Fellow), University of Washington School of Pharmacy
Staff
PATRICIA CUFF, Director, Global Forum on Innovation in Health Professional Education
CAROLYN SHORE, Director, Forum on Drug Discovery Development and Translation
ALEXANDRA ANDRADA SILVER, Director, Forum on Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders
REBECCA ENGLISH, Director, Roundtable on Quality Care for People with Serious Illness
ERIKA CHOW, Research Associate
MELVIN JOPPY, Senior Program Assistant (through April 2025)
ADAEZE OKOROAJUZIE, Senior Program Assistant (through May 2025)
CHRISTA NAIRN, Program Coordinator
SHARYL NASS, Senior Program Director, Health Care and Public Health
Consultants
ERIN HAMMERS FORSTAG, Science Writer
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1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.
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Reviewers
This Proceedings of a Workshop was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published proceedings as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.
We thank the following individuals for their review of this proceedings:
JEFFREY BRATBERG, University of Rhode Island
BARRY L. CARTER, University of Iowa
KATHRYN R. MATTHIAS, The University of Arizona
ASHLEY M. TAYLOR, Xavier University of Louisiana
Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the proceedings nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this proceedings was overseen by DANIEL R. MASYS, University of Washington School of Medicine. He was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this proceedings was carried out in accordance with standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the National Academies.
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Acknowledgments
On behalf of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine—collaborating forums and the Board on Health Care Services—the staff and chair, Jonathan Watanabe, wish to express their deepest gratitude to the planning committee whose vision, expertise, and thoughtful guidance helped shape the workshop’s agenda and focus. Sincere thanks also go to the distinguished speakers, panelists, and those who submitted and presented posters. Their collective commitment to advancing pharmacy education and practice fostered a scholarly tone that enriched the dialogue and provided a forward-looking perspective for the workshop discussions.
Final thanks go to the sponsors: American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy; American College of Clinical Pharmacy; American Pharmacists Association; American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; Mary Anne Koda-Kimble; Pharmacy Deans Research Group; and Walgreens. Their generosity, support, and the vision of Kathy Giacomini transformed a spark of an idea into concrete action steps for shaping the future of pharmacy. Sincere thanks to everyone involved for making this workshop a successful event.
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Contents
2 PHARMACY DESERTS AND WORKFORCE
Current State: Community Pharmacies
Current State: Pharmacy Workforce
Bridging Current States and Exploring Solutions
3 WELL-BEING OF THE PHARMACY WORKFORCE
Prioritizing Strategies for Well-Being
Financially Supported Roles for Pharmacists
Policies for Financially Supported Roles for Pharmacists
5 NEXT-GEN EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAMS
Evolution of Pharmacy Education and Training
Box, Figures, and Tables
BOX
FIGURES
2-1 Number of applications and applicants using PharmCAS (centralized application service)
2-2 Number of pharmacists graduating compared to number of prescriptions filled
3-1 A systems model of clinician burnout and professional well-being
3-2 Hierarchy of effective strategies to promote well-being
3-3 Considering strategies to foster well-being of the pharmacy workforce
4-1 State laws requiring payment for covered services from a pharmacist
Acronyms and Abbreviations
| AACP | American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy |
| ACCP | American College of Clinical Pharmacy |
| ACT | Academia-Community Transformation |
| AGS | American Geriatrics Society |
| AI | artificial intelligence |
| APA | American Pharmacists Association |
| APhA | American Pharmacists Association |
| ASHP | American Society of Health-System Pharmacists |
| BPS | Board of Pharmacy Specialties |
| CAS | Centralized Application Service |
| CDC | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| CMM | comprehensive medication management |
| CMS | Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services |
| CS | centralized services |
| DEI | diversity, equity, and inclusion |
| FDA | U.S. Food and Drug Administration |
| HEOR | health economics and outcomes research |
| HHS | Department of Health and Human Services |
| MA | Medicare Advantage |
| MFC | micro-fulfillment center |
| MM | medication management |
| MPJE | Multistate Pharmacy Jurisprudence Examination |
| MTDM | medication therapy disease management |
| MTM | medication therapy management |
| NABP | National Association of Boards of Pharmacy |
| NAM | National Academy of Medicine |
| NAP | National Academies of Practice |
| PBM | pharmacy benefit manager |
| PGY | postgraduate year |
| PMPM | per member per month |
| PQA | Pharmacy Quality Alliance |
| ROI | return on investment |
| RWE | real-world evidence |
| VOI | value of impact |
