An ad hoc committee will plan and host a public workshop inviting individuals from pharmaceutical industry, academia, NIH, the FDA, and patient advocacy groups to make presentations and stimulate discussions focused on key questions exploring the importance of sex differences, how and when it is most appropriate to study these differences in neuroscience research, and the implications for translational neuroscience research. Specifically, participants will be invited to:

• Discuss the unique considerations for and implications of understanding sex differences in the nervous system;
• Examine when understanding sex differences in neuroscience basic research should be pursued;
• Explore various regulatory considerations and requirements when studying sex differences for the development of drugs or diagnostics for diseases of the nervous system, and,
• Identify and discuss current opportunities and barriers to creating stronger research endeavor devoted toward exploring potential sex differences and their implications on translational neuroscience research.

An individually authored workshop summary will be prepared based on the information gathered and the discussions held during the workshop.