The purpose of this publication is to sharpen the debate on education by presenting two contrasting statements on school reform—one by Eric Hanushek, summarizing conclusions of a group of economists on the need to revise incentives to improve public school outcomes, the other by Under Secretary of Education Marshall Smith and colleagues at the U.S. Department of Education, presenting the case for standards-based school reform. Neither of these statements represents positions considered and endorsed by the STEP Board or the National Research Council.
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