Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care (2003)

Chapter: 4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter

Previous Chapter: 3 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: Patient- and System-Level Factors
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.

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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
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Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 161
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 162
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 163
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 164
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 165
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 166
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 167
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 168
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 169
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 170
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 171
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 172
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 173
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 174
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 175
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 176
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 177
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
Page 178
Suggested Citation: "4 Assessing Potential Sources of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Care: The Clinical Encounter." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/12875.
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Next Chapter: 5 Interventions: Systemic Strategies
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