Page 473 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

Appendix A

Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables

REVIEW PROCESS FOR MORTALITY DATA CODING AND ANALYSIS

Checking International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 and ICD-10 Code Categorizations

Shannon Monnat compiled a list of ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes for the 20 specific cause-of-death categories included in this report. Irma Elo and Ryan Masters and two graduate research assistants checked this list for completeness and accuracy of categorization. The committee edited the list to ensure that it was exhaustive (included all ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes) and mutually exclusive (no code was included in more than one category). The specific ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes for each cause-of-death category are presented in Chapter 5.

Checking for Accuracy of Death Counts for Cause-of-Death Categories

The committee conducted analyses using the restricted mortality files (death certificates) from the National Center for Health Statistics. After assigning decedents to one of 20 cause-of-death categories based on their underlying cause of death, Shannon Monnat tabulated the total number of deaths in each of the 20 cause-of-death categories by year (1990–2017), sex, and 10-year age group (25–34, 35–44, 45–54, and 55–64). She then compared those tabulations from the restricted mortality data with the

Page 474 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

total counts for each of the 20 cause-of-death categories in CDC WONDER (the public online mortality database) to ensure that the annual and subgroup-specific counts from the restricted mortality data equated to the counts derived from CDC WONDER. A graduate research assistant replicated this procedure. The committee member then repeated this procedure to further disaggregate counts by race (non-Hispanic [NH] White, NH Black, Hispanic, Asian, American Indian/Alaska Native) and compare them with the CDC WONDER data. This check was available only for 1999–2017 because Hispanic ethnicity was not included in CDC WONDER prior to 1999.

Checking for Accuracy of Age-Adjustment

Two committee members, Shannon Monnat and Irma Elo, independently calculated all of the subgroup-specific age-adjusted mortality rates for all-cause mortality and the 20 cause-of-death categories presented in this report. The two committee members independently arrived at identical age-adjusted mortality rates, which are those presented in the report.

Page 475 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY ESTIMATES BY SEX, AGE GROUP, AND RACE AND ETHNICITY

TABLE A-1 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Males Ages 25-44

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	212.29	216.23	184.10	188.82	190.08	190.73	186.89	190.47	222.62
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	35.83	36.31	9.06	7.01	5.51	3.74	2.08	1.53	1.05
Non-HIV/AIDS	3.62	3.98	3.31	3.14	2.94	2.60	2.45	2.35	2.57
Cancers
Liver	0.49	0.61	0.62	0.57	0.56	0.51	0.51	0.47	0.52
Lung	4.34	4.11	4.00	3.82	3.47	2.79	2.26	1.90	1.61
All Other Cancers	20.90	20.38	19.30	18.28	17.39	16.51	16.56	15.82	15.55
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	5.12	5.50	5.14	5.65	5.94	5.95	6.20	6.58	7.00
Hypertensive Heart Disease	1.08	1.39	1.60	1.97	2.58	2.90	3.24	3.41	3.86
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	30.76	30.93	29.67	28.76	28.48	26.98	25.74	24.48	24.52
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	9.55	13.00	15.08	19.09	24.86	31.71	34.39	39.48	62.43
Alcohol-Induced*	4.81	4.95	4.41	4.08	3.83	4.66	5.33	5.61	6.70
Suicide	23.09	24.37	23.82	23.65	24.32	25.57	27.62	28.92	32.30
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	3.84	4.24	4.48	4.76	5.15	4.01	3.42	3.85	5.10

Page 476 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	3.11	3.23	3.31	3.77	4.06	4.19	4.41	4.39	4.63
Genitourinary System	1.01	0.96	1.00	1.14	1.24	1.32	1.19	1.17	1.29
Respiratory System	4.49	4.40	4.17	4.16	4.01	3.95	4.35	4.37	4.23
Digestive System*	5.50	5.33	5.18	5.23	4.88	4.46	4.43	4.58	4.59
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	8.12	7.12	5.97	5.39	5.18	5.57	4.78	4.88	5.66
Transport Injuries	27.21	25.55	24.96	26.11	26.47	26.21	21.28	20.90	22.22
Other External Causes	12.69	12.54	12.16	11.66	11.34	10.67	10.02	9.76	10.43
All Other Causes of Death	6.72	7.36	6.85	10.58	7.87	6.45	6.62	6.00	6.38

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic White males ages 25–44. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 477 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-2 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Males Ages 25-44

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	582.82	575.02	407.48	373.59	352.47	329.79	286.19	281.67	319.86
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	134.82	174.99	68.52	56.25	43.76	31.89	19.68	12.58	10.16
Non-HIV/AIDS	16.23	14.90	10.56	7.61	6.90	6.16	5.33	4.63	4.78
Cancers
Liver	1.84	2.11	1.72	1.63	1.52	1.42	1.16	1.25	1.18
Lung	10.43	9.16	7.55	6.87	4.97	3.47	2.34	2.37	2.36
All Other Cancers	31.45	29.61	26.74	23.02	21.33	20.41	19.17	17.46	17.42
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	13.04	14.48	12.35	11.68	12.83	13.60	12.99	13.69	15.39
Hypertensive Heart Disease	9.98	10.25	10.45	10.77	11.98	12.88	13.16	13.52	14.97
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	76.27	70.33	63.20	57.62	56.41	53.75	49.32	49.66	49.51
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	19.45	22.19	19.75	17.65	17.02	18.18	13.71	16.20	32.54
Alcohol-Induced*	13.17	8.40	5.57	4.34	3.04	2.78	2.87	2.83	3.26
Suicide	17.11	17.04	14.78	13.94	13.70	13.72	13.58	14.35	15.67
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	14.37	11.57	8.33	7.27	5.95	4.24	2.98	2.85	3.53

Page 478 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	6.82	5.99	5.74	6.34	6.06	6.11	6.10	6.88	7.36
Genitourinary System	7.59	6.46	5.47	4.77	5.26	5.25	4.80	4.44	4.86
Respiratory System	19.29	16.02	13.23	10.84	9.47	8.48	8.36	8.02	8.52
Digestive System*	15.93	13.65	9.83	8.69	7.29	5.77	5.25	4.90	4.79
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	92.84	76.20	57.02	57.80	62.88	63.23	56.12	57.93	69.24
Transport Injuries	34.30	31.80	31.92	31.64	31.32	30.89	24.87	25.62	30.37
Other External Causes	23.88	19.69	17.11	14.89	13.66	12.73	11.17	10.64	11.50
All Other Causes of Death	24.03	20.18	17.65	19.99	17.11	14.84	13.23	11.85	12.46

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic Black males ages 25–44. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 479 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-3 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Males Ages 25-44

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	287.25	263.37	183.15	170.32	161.19	150.07	129.11	126.49	144.89
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	70.91	72.57	21.34	14.99	11.26	7.75	4.66	2.79	2.38
Non-HIV/AIDS	6.84	6.48	5.59	4.47	4.16	3.31	2.76	2.51	2.32
Cancers
Liver	0.83	0.90	0.82	0.88	0.83	0.70	0.61	0.60	0.54
Lung	2.08	1.89	1.63	1.32	1.17	0.90	0.88	0.72	0.73
All Other Cancers	15.65	14.75	13.57	12.99	12.25	12.08	11.76	11.99	11.95
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	4.65	4.75	3.69	3.99	4.03	4.24	4.30	4.68	5.09
Hypertensive Heart Disease	1.64	1.71	1.73	2.09	2.33	2.46	2.45	2.90	3.07
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	23.58	22.01	19.64	17.85	18.47	17.29	15.68	15.04	16.19
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	16.26	17.41	16.17	13.16	13.16	13.71	11.98	13.58	22.39
Alcohol-Induced*	12.60	10.72	8.50	7.33	6.18	6.82	7.21	6.83	7.78
Suicide	14.42	13.76	11.20	10.79	10.85	10.95	10.66	11.07	12.94
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	7.33	7.19	6.27	5.37	5.35	3.74	2.35	2.56	2.92

Page 480 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	2.53	2.14	2.00	2.05	2.36	2.32	2.23	2.23	2.72
Genitourinary System	1.46	1.03	1.08	1.14	1.12	1.09	1.23	1.11	1.14
Respiratory System	6.30	4.86	3.80	3.01	2.89	2.71	3.64	3.05	2.97
Digestive System*	8.58	7.29	6.80	5.86	5.28	4.75	4.25	3.92	3.95
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	38.69	27.36	18.17	16.28	16.87	15.76	12.45	11.21	12.75
Transport Injuries	30.75	27.05	24.13	26.32	25.76	23.27	17.25	17.23	19.41
Other External Causes	13.90	12.10	11.09	10.97	10.67	10.46	8.44	8.10	8.68
All Other Causes of Death	8.26	7.43	5.94	9.45	6.21	5.77	4.30	4.39	4.96

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among Hispanic males ages 25–44. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 481 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-4 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Females Ages 25-44

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	88.93	93.74	94.27	99.49	102.11	102.97	104.62	108.04	121.90
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	2.09	3.65	1.52	1.42	1.24	0.93	0.62	0.42	0.37
Non-HIV/AIDS	1.43	1.75	1.89	2.06	2.20	2.10	2.16	2.20	2.41
Cancers
Liver	0.24	0.28	0.30	0.27	0.28	0.32	0.31	0.35	0.39
Lung	3.07	3.08	3.35	3.51	3.21	2.70	2.32	1.88	1.48
All Other Cancers	26.62	25.39	23.97	22.98	21.61	20.52	20.00	19.50	19.19
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	3.06	3.35	3.51	3.88	3.99	4.11	4.20	4.55	4.92
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.33	0.46	0.49	0.78	0.97	1.11	1.22	1.41	1.65
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	11.88	12.69	13.12	13.26	13.34	12.77	12.48	12.52	13.09
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	4.10	5.11	6.72	9.60	13.92	17.60	20.10	22.42	30.36
Alcohol-Induced*	1.71	1.87	1.97	2.04	1.91	2.31	2.72	3.03	3.83
Suicide	4.64	4.77	4.95	4.64	4.78	5.20	5.77	6.62	7.85
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	1.24	1.44	1.69	1.91	2.04	1.92	1.65	2.11	3.08

Page 482 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	2.28	2.32	2.50	2.76	2.80	3.16	3.20	3.33	3.53
Genitourinary System	0.71	0.79	0.88	1.03	1.09	1.07	1.17	1.11	1.18
Respiratory System	3.03	3.47	3.61	3.72	3.70	3.71	4.27	4.33	4.18
Digestive System*	2.68	2.57	2.84	3.24	3.21	3.01	3.11	3.30	3.75
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	3.36	3.14	2.86	2.72	2.58	2.47	2.37	2.28	2.59
Transport Injuries	9.60	9.91	10.10	9.89	9.86	9.21	7.66	7.48	8.22
Other External Causes	2.59	2.77	2.98	2.98	3.12	3.10	3.18	3.21	3.49
All Other Causes of Death	4.26	4.92	5.01	6.81	6.25	5.66	6.11	5.99	6.38

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic White females ages 25–44. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 483 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-5 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Females Ages 25-44

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	243.70	256.23	218.70	210.98	198.28	180.02	161.93	153.79	162.89
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	32.04	51.84	28.14	27.51	23.88	19.34	12.08	8.13	5.89
Non-HIV/AIDS	8.75	8.22	7.86	5.83	5.39	4.94	4.50	3.88	4.26
Cancers
Liver	0.59	0.57	0.60	0.64	0.53	0.45	0.56	0.42	0.53
Lung	4.59	4.32	4.64	4.25	3.67	2.88	1.84	1.74	1.19
All Other Cancers	41.80	39.68	37.95	35.17	33.24	30.93	29.94	27.72	27.61
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	8.34	9.43	9.09	8.90	9.45	9.82	9.47	9.93	11.31
Hypertensive Heart Disease	5.65	6.01	6.13	6.58	7.44	7.15	7.52	7.05	7.51
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	42.31	42.84	39.67	37.51	35.35	31.54	28.47	27.13	27.90
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	6.72	7.95	7.55	8.27	9.40	8.85	8.11	9.02	13.88
Alcohol-Induced*	5.38	3.63	2.63	2.02	1.48	1.40	1.49	1.58	2.15
Suicide	2.42	2.29	1.87	1.90	1.96	1.76	2.13	2.39	2.83
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	5.30	4.47	3.65	3.17	2.68	2.22	1.39	1.47	1.78

Page 484 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	4.21	4.32	4.14	4.74	5.18	5.14	5.10	5.53	5.93
Genitourinary System	4.01	3.48	3.66	4.35	4.57	4.31	4.10	3.71	4.10
Respiratory System	11.40	11.35	10.41	8.48	7.43	6.84	7.19	6.83	6.47
Digestive System*	8.18	6.69	6.09	5.91	5.20	4.54	4.22	4.17	4.02
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	19.64	17.01	12.96	11.47	9.82	9.27	7.58	7.18	8.11
Transport Injuries	9.83	10.35	10.42	9.67	8.96	8.15	7.02	7.18	8.20
Other External Causes	5.15	4.99	4.19	4.03	3.79	3.45	3.28	3.20	3.36
All Other Causes of Death	17.41	16.81	17.05	20.58	18.86	17.05	15.94	15.52	15.84

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic Black females ages 25–44. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 485 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-6 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Females Ages 25-44

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	89.67	90.46	75.75	74.45	69.10	64.48	60.86	60.75	66.32
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	11.74	16.05	5.86	4.71	3.51	2.47	1.32	0.81	0.54
Non-HIV/AIDS	2.57	2.48	2.33	2.12	2.13	1.74	1.69	1.44	1.41
Cancers
Liver	0.29	0.30	0.29	0.34	0.31	0.33	0.26	0.33	0.39
Lung	1.03	1.00	1.10	1.00	0.88	0.86	0.82	0.70	0.71
All Other Cancers	21.79	20.98	19.87	19.64	17.39	17.59	16.20	16.84	17.24
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	2.50	2.92	2.76	2.60	2.73	2.46	2.80	2.87	2.88
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.80	0.61	0.70	0.80	0.80	0.81	0.90	0.89	1.00
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	10.17	9.02	8.92	8.84	8.00	7.10	6.69	6.59	7.07
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	2.91	3.34	3.53	3.72	4.31	4.51	5.19	5.71	7.25
Alcohol-Induced*	2.00	1.91	1.75	1.47	1.38	1.47	1.58	1.70	2.50
Suicide	2.24	1.98	1.56	1.51	1.50	1.56	1.71	2.02	2.66
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	1.29	1.45	1.16	1.23	1.19	0.97	0.63	0.65	0.83

Page 486 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	1.54	1.40	1.54	1.47	1.55	1.63	1.67	1.73	1.80
Genitourinary System	0.98	0.92	0.93	1.04	0.99	0.86	0.94	0.89	0.99
Respiratory System	3.47	3.03	2.67	2.31	2.14	1.85	2.60	2.09	1.93
Digestive System*	2.50	2.55	2.45	2.44	2.23	2.31	1.99	1.97	2.14
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	6.26	5.12	3.83	3.61	3.35	3.08	2.70	2.31	2.75
Transport Injuries	8.49	7.85	7.56	7.48	7.31	6.37	5.01	4.95	5.70
Other External Causes	1.79	1.80	1.86	1.67	1.68	1.35	1.39	1.38	1.41
All Other Causes of Death	5.33	5.74	5.09	6.44	5.72	5.14	4.78	4.89	5.13

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among Hispanic females ages 25–44. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 487 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-7 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Males Ages 45-54

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	520.80	514.60	485.49	498.00	511.08	508.07	500.12	491.17	493.39
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	25.76	25.35	7.73	7.91	7.67	6.74	5.37	4.68	3.81
Non-HIV/AIDS	6.54	7.92	10.13	14.12	16.35	15.23	13.85	12.63	11.03
Cancers
Liver	2.54	3.21	4.47	5.81	7.16	7.23	7.18	6.37	5.03
Lung	52.60	45.42	39.22	36.28	35.68	32.95	30.38	26.45	21.22
All Other Cancers	91.52	89.68	86.74	84.65	79.74	77.32	76.18	73.87	70.23
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	14.95	16.48	17.22	19.01	20.68	20.83	21.55	22.24	24.93
Hypertensive Heart Disease	5.61	6.99	7.33	8.12	10.46	12.11	13.37	14.74	16.00
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	177.57	168.47	152.90	141.28	135.41	127.61	119.49	114.03	110.92
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	4.39	7.59	11.63	16.94	24.87	31.77	33.83	36.87	47.73
Alcohol-Induced*	13.33	14.37	15.07	15.83	16.25	18.71	20.30	21.49	21.83
Suicide	22.36	22.56	22.51	24.19	26.14	29.19	32.92	33.80	35.21
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	7.35	8.48	9.44	10.63	12.76	11.51	10.38	10.78	12.69

Page 488 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	7.01	7.36	8.08	9.56	10.52	10.73	11.19	11.53	11.98
Genitourinary System	3.18	3.28	3.59	4.30	4.79	5.16	4.89	5.00	5.62
Respiratory System	18.32	18.41	17.91	18.20	19.36	19.68	20.92	20.70	20.26
Digestive System*	17.23	17.69	19.56	22.85	23.58	22.76	22.79	21.83	19.94
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	6.26	4.91	4.47	4.03	4.29	4.51	4.23	4.31	4.78
Transport Injuries	20.37	20.63	21.41	22.95	24.73	24.73	21.91	21.56	22.13
Other External Causes	14.19	14.39	14.74	15.52	16.91	17.26	17.07	16.50	15.99
All Other Causes of Death	9.74	11.40	11.35	15.83	13.71	12.03	12.33	11.81	12.04

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic White males ages 45–54. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 489 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-8 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Males Ages 45-54

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	1236.32	1241.31	1082.49	1015.41	968.97	861.30	738.48	688.14	697.04
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	98.09	151.77	80.01	83.62	75.58	61.62	41.69	29.65	20.96
Non-HIV/AIDS	30.71	30.38	33.53	34.44	33.07	29.30	23.30	20.49	18.09
Cancers
Liver	7.90	10.09	13.34	15.22	16.92	14.65	12.44	9.09	7.51
Lung	108.93	91.83	79.02	69.00	61.54	53.14	43.80	34.74	23.84
All Other Cancers	176.23	160.08	148.35	128.95	122.15	109.62	97.74	92.07	85.03
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	43.04	47.42	45.02	43.53	42.50	40.47	38.38	40.57	46.95
Hypertensive Heart Disease	46.34	51.22	47.56	45.77	50.87	47.26	46.39	47.08	48.20
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	357.62	346.51	311.24	276.94	262.86	229.70	200.62	187.13	188.32
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	12.92	23.59	27.42	30.20	32.13	34.83	25.55	28.00	48.91
Alcohol-Induced*	36.81	32.65	24.76	19.84	16.54	14.49	13.39	12.22	12.04
Suicide	12.65	10.60	9.54	9.32	8.97	9.21	9.74	9.79	10.64
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	32.90	30.44	25.30	24.08	21.81	15.93	11.85	10.29	10.69

Page 490 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	12.75	12.62	13.88	14.30	14.55	14.95	14.55	14.97	16.07
Genitourinary System	20.19	19.43	20.81	22.62	22.87	20.06	17.78	16.65	18.74
Respiratory System	52.38	49.92	42.97	37.30	35.67	31.73	28.13	28.17	27.31
Digestive System*	45.89	43.93	42.76	43.25	39.05	31.81	26.41	22.44	19.39
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	45.41	36.06	27.04	25.91	26.20	25.69	21.72	23.30	27.69
Transport Injuries	31.78	29.17	30.42	29.34	29.16	27.49	21.89	23.35	27.25
Other External Causes	31.46	30.46	27.83	24.43	24.59	21.96	18.49	16.20	17.58
All Other Causes of Death	32.33	33.12	31.70	37.35	31.94	27.39	24.61	21.95	21.84

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic Black males ages 45–54. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 491 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-9 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Males Ages 45-54

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	520.73	524.78	456.60	442.64	434.57	402.41	365.31	345.63	344.90
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	57.24	72.71	24.33	24.95	23.04	16.70	12.02	8.62	6.36
Non-HIV/AIDS	11.55	13.18	16.25	20.95	23.46	20.48	17.42	15.33	12.28
Cancers
Liver	5.32	7.01	9.28	10.23	12.61	11.37	11.19	9.54	8.93
Lung	18.58	19.14	16.35	14.37	12.95	10.59	9.34	7.94	5.51
All Other Cancers	64.00	62.22	64.60	59.06	57.07	54.29	51.61	50.38	48.70
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	18.19	23.71	20.91	20.11	20.95	19.86	18.76	19.97	20.72
Hypertensive Heart Disease	7.92	10.16	9.06	9.39	10.32	10.78	11.72	11.24	11.99
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	128.06	121.10	114.24	100.21	95.46	86.08	76.97	71.29	70.47
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	10.16	14.23	15.87	15.07	16.96	19.31	16.49	17.88	24.45
Alcohol-Induced*	37.36	37.65	32.29	30.24	27.16	28.48	26.96	26.75	27.02
Suicide	14.04	13.25	10.49	10.86	10.41	10.57	11.00	10.55	11.59
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	14.66	13.26	13.72	11.81	12.96	9.34	7.64	7.36	8.26

Page 492 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	5.60	4.24	4.94	5.69	5.40	6.36	6.17	6.14	7.13
Genitourinary System	5.28	4.33	4.80	5.45	6.56	6.91	6.20	5.82	6.14
Respiratory System	17.25	15.78	13.86	12.54	12.34	11.61	11.99	11.62	10.39
Digestive System*	29.07	26.74	28.32	29.81	28.65	25.41	24.58	22.76	18.61
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	22.98	16.23	10.64	9.36	10.01	8.67	7.43	6.54	6.89
Transport Injuries	27.37	24.04	22.03	22.92	22.16	21.52	16.06	15.35	17.55
Other External Causes	15.85	14.23	14.49	13.63	15.09	13.79	12.56	12.27	13.24
All Other Causes of Death	10.26	11.56	10.09	15.98	11.01	10.30	9.21	8.29	8.69

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among Hispanic males ages 45–54. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 493 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-10 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Females Ages 45-54

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	295.15	291.38	281.50	285.49	292.83	299.24	305.63	308.79	314.97
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	1.07	1.73	0.84	1.11	1.35	1.34	0.99	0.92	0.71
Non-HIV/AIDS	3.79	4.43	5.82	7.11	8.56	8.66	8.74	8.53	8.45
Cancers
Liver	1.37	1.45	1.48	1.50	1.79	1.82	2.12	2.08	2.14
Lung	33.42	30.71	27.21	25.61	25.63	26.32	26.15	23.67	19.34
All Other Cancers	111.06	105.79	98.64	93.64	86.92	82.79	80.92	78.32	76.40
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	10.04	10.80	11.33	12.37	12.53	12.16	12.37	13.38	14.76
Hypertensive Heart Disease	2.34	2.60	2.89	3.38	4.08	4.73	5.67	6.15	7.30
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	60.58	59.60	55.30	51.97	51.36	50.27	48.32	48.85	49.74
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	4.14	4.83	6.58	10.56	17.01	23.99	27.24	29.43	33.26
Alcohol-Induced*	4.21	4.58	4.57	5.17	6.13	7.53	9.47	10.28	11.73
Suicide	5.48	5.29	5.23	5.04	5.90	6.24	7.25	8.54	9.10
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	2.25	2.75	2.80	3.26	4.51	4.62	4.45	5.07	5.92

Page 494 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	6.03	6.66	7.48	8.33	8.67	8.95	9.15	9.39	9.70
Genitourinary System	2.54	2.65	2.89	3.39	3.73	3.82	3.83	3.86	4.51
Respiratory System	14.45	15.04	14.87	15.08	15.75	17.10	20.06	20.73	20.87
Digestive System*	9.47	9.21	9.64	11.26	11.68	12.36	13.05	13.82	13.70
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	2.48	2.09	1.82	1.93	1.82	2.03	2.01	1.93	2.10
Transport Injuries	8.54	8.71	8.78	8.66	9.11	8.71	7.35	7.23	8.04
Other External Causes	4.15	4.11	4.58	4.97	5.76	5.93	6.34	6.29	6.64
All Other Causes of Death	7.70	8.36	8.77	11.15	10.53	9.85	10.16	10.30	10.55

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic White females ages 45–54. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 495 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-11 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Females Ages 45-54

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	627.87	630.08	595.63	595.62	581.29	541.03	492.12	461.96	455.25
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	15.70	31.83	21.65	26.47	28.16	26.60	18.76	14.02	11.37
Non-HIV/AIDS	16.04	17.69	20.11	19.17	19.81	19.09	16.28	14.70	14.21
Cancers
Liver	2.30	2.62	2.73	3.43	3.56	3.64	3.96	3.38	3.19
Lung	39.66	35.38	34.23	32.30	33.08	32.18	28.10	24.06	16.35
All Other Cancers	163.83	157.83	147.49	140.78	133.30	122.97	117.97	110.82	107.15
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	35.09	36.40	35.48	35.67	33.78	30.07	28.98	30.23	31.95
Hypertensive Heart Disease	28.67	28.82	26.21	26.43	29.67	28.80	27.35	26.98	27.15
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	180.18	173.09	161.18	154.27	142.36	128.38	110.42	102.79	101.56
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	4.01	5.74	7.92	10.94	14.77	16.75	15.65	16.17	22.56
Alcohol-Induced*	11.24	9.59	7.84	7.41	5.76	5.63	6.28	6.19	6.58
Suicide	1.86	1.75	1.59	1.63	1.49	1.49	1.53	2.00	1.70
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	7.92	6.94	7.08	6.56	7.17	5.99	5.11	4.44	4.46

Page 496 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	9.31	10.03	10.59	12.75	12.73	12.95	12.02	13.22	13.72
Genitourinary System	12.57	14.13	13.87	15.18	15.18	15.50	14.50	12.23	12.86
Respiratory System	29.91	30.22	28.75	26.94	26.98	25.52	25.82	24.94	24.42
Digestive System*	22.27	20.49	19.23	20.96	19.77	17.98	15.58	15.33	14.24
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	7.82	6.93	6.19	5.53	6.13	5.76	5.14	5.24	4.67
Transport Injuries	8.73	9.86	10.33	9.75	9.33	8.43	6.85	6.85	7.90
Other External Causes	8.04	7.96	7.53	7.32	7.80	7.07	6.91	6.03	6.53
All Other Causes of Death	22.73	22.81	25.62	32.12	30.48	26.23	24.91	22.35	22.66

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic Black females ages 45–54. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 497 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-12 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Females Ages 45-54

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	243.72	242.44	229.90	226.07	215.40	204.23	193.48	188.15	184.45
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	7.38	12.87	5.98	6.32	5.61	4.38	3.24	2.20	1.33
Non-HIV/AIDS	5.38	7.00	7.86	8.32	8.97	8.46	7.98	7.49	6.13
Cancers
Liver	1.90	1.88	2.35	2.22	3.02	2.86	2.31	2.42	2.24
Lung	8.09	7.38	7.23	7.38	7.09	6.71	6.27	5.48	4.92
All Other Cancers	85.51	83.22	78.16	75.29	69.26	65.86	63.19	62.88	60.52
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	12.99	15.63	14.94	14.55	14.27	12.76	10.97	10.98	11.82
Hypertensive Heart Disease	4.06	3.67	4.04	3.82	4.89	5.07	4.68	4.31	4.73
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	53.33	47.03	44.35	41.55	37.33	34.15	31.32	29.21	28.78
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	2.24	2.87	3.81	4.43	6.62	7.39	8.19	9.21	9.05
Alcohol-Induced*	6.07	5.94	4.70	5.18	4.10	5.86	6.87	6.49	6.95
Suicide	1.78	1.82	1.89	1.94	1.48	1.89	1.81	2.25	2.40
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	1.63	1.94	2.34	1.99	2.65	2.23	1.87	2.13	2.03

Page 498 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	3.30	3.16	3.61	3.92	4.49	4.28	3.96	4.85	5.00
Genitourinary System	4.48	3.85	4.24	4.43	4.26	4.60	4.36	3.95	4.33
Respiratory System	10.53	10.09	10.57	8.86	8.81	7.42	8.95	7.21	8.00
Digestive System*	10.94	10.90	10.90	10.80	10.62	10.84	10.24	10.41	8.82
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	3.84	3.82	2.69	2.77	2.32	2.16	1.89	1.53	2.02
Transport Injuries	8.92	8.38	8.45	9.01	7.40	6.61	5.24	4.99	5.59
Other External Causes	2.59	2.70	2.78	2.98	3.26	2.89	3.01	2.78	2.55
All Other Causes of Death	8.77	8.28	9.01	10.32	8.94	7.80	7.13	7.38	7.23

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among Hispanic females ages 45–54. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 499 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-13 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Males Ages 55-64

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	1345.21	1285.26	1209.87	1148.36	1093.17	1053.41	1036.31	1061.51	1085.81
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	10.16	10.32	3.45	3.92	3.91	3.89	3.67	3.61	3.49
Non-HIV/AIDS	13.68	14.82	16.12	19.25	22.62	25.61	28.81	31.70	29.26
Cancers
Liver	8.75	10.51	10.36	11.28	12.94	16.40	21.23	25.59	25.79
Lung	198.91	180.50	166.02	151.82	135.58	119.16	107.07	99.68	90.90
All Other Cancers	271.79	264.68	255.22	247.11	234.17	224.16	215.61	211.11	206.16
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	36.03	41.98	43.77	47.64	50.32	49.46	49.15	51.96	56.26
Hypertensive Heart Disease	15.20	16.27	16.34	16.13	19.37	21.33	24.01	28.50	32.61
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	517.49	479.54	432.67	381.81	335.84	302.15	280.07	277.70	279.65
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	2.58	2.72	3.72	4.83	8.19	13.03	17.60	22.56	31.42
Alcohol-Induced*	20.73	19.56	18.70	18.21	18.64	21.76	24.77	28.56	31.58
Suicide	24.75	22.75	21.73	21.96	22.96	25.39	28.52	31.27	32.79
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	11.37	12.08	11.30	11.22	13.83	14.74	15.16	18.09	21.01

Page 500 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	15.71	16.95	18.12	21.32	22.55	23.25	24.49	26.11	28.44
Genitourinary System	10.42	10.68	11.53	12.80	14.21	14.37	14.18	14.08	16.02
Respiratory System	85.70	82.17	81.51	76.51	74.92	72.92	73.39	77.12	81.10
Digestive System*	39.05	36.64	36.22	37.54	38.27	40.03	43.46	46.17	44.79
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	4.76	4.12	3.50	3.19	2.96	3.02	2.94	2.96	3.42
Transport Injuries	20.00	20.02	21.44	21.46	22.52	21.97	20.28	20.64	23.30
Other External Causes	19.63	18.88	19.38	19.41	20.38	21.43	22.35	23.53	25.58
All Other Causes of Death	18.49	20.06	18.77	20.94	19.00	19.33	19.55	20.57	22.24

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic White males ages 55–64. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 501 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-14 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Males Ages 55-64

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	2466.82	2371.54	2225.07	2074.04	1978.86	1838.06	1714.49	1669.12	1669.83
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	44.75	72.67	43.15	45.70	48.99	47.64	40.12	33.56	30.07
Non-HIV/AIDS	45.06	45.92	50.60	55.82	60.12	63.22	62.58	61.40	54.76
Cancers
Liver	18.95	19.83	21.62	24.07	30.31	41.20	52.91	57.53	49.60
Lung	320.63	289.64	255.66	224.26	207.75	176.90	158.61	141.83	119.64
All Other Cancers	461.08	440.19	418.43	382.11	348.27	325.19	304.26	283.14	274.10
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	92.87	104.37	108.46	110.79	111.13	100.68	97.21	97.72	103.79
Hypertensive Heart Disease	91.66	95.98	93.72	88.12	94.77	93.62	94.99	96.74	100.22
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	869.66	815.72	767.30	698.18	630.21	557.46	489.95	471.84	474.12
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	4.79	7.96	10.74	11.97	17.14	24.63	25.41	32.05	55.90
Alcohol-Induced*	41.88	34.98	31.92	24.02	23.09	21.73	23.58	23.96	25.36
Suicide	10.50	9.96	9.06	8.09	8.35	7.69	7.92	7.98	8.17
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	38.14	35.22	29.74	27.68	26.76	26.93	23.59	25.92	26.84

Page 502 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	21.91	21.19	23.44	25.50	27.97	28.29	30.00	31.40	33.96
Genitourinary System	47.87	46.92	49.81	54.03	59.84	56.18	50.77	49.23	50.37
Respiratory System	136.43	127.44	118.65	103.26	100.17	92.44	85.21	89.15	92.21
Digestive System*	72.29	67.50	65.20	67.05	64.63	62.94	62.07	60.66	54.58
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	29.74	23.88	17.44	14.73	14.19	15.34	13.66	13.87	17.05
Transport Injuries	31.16	28.81	30.60	29.20	27.64	25.75	22.49	24.60	29.09
Other External Causes	43.80	40.67	36.08	33.22	32.89	29.63	28.71	28.88	30.69
All Other Causes of Death	43.67	42.70	43.44	46.24	44.63	40.59	40.45	37.65	39.35

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic Black males ages 55–64. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 503 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-15 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Males Ages 55-64

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	1090.13	1067.21	986.68	955.66	914.69	857.53	815.63	812.17	805.96
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	30.35	39.18	15.30	14.94	13.82	11.83	10.02	8.68	7.86
Non-HIV/AIDS	19.35	19.15	22.67	28.62	30.22	35.88	37.28	37.42	31.13
Cancers
Liver	16.59	20.86	21.28	22.31	27.47	29.76	34.90	39.12	35.64
Lung	77.14	68.66	63.45	60.85	54.85	45.20	40.28	35.07	30.51
All Other Cancers	194.86	188.97	185.79	178.90	170.98	161.06	155.66	149.62	143.86
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	54.32	65.59	68.36	67.08	68.35	58.60	56.56	54.60	58.01
Hypertensive Heart Disease	21.36	24.92	22.73	22.15	24.33	24.42	24.82	25.69	29.08
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	385.36	357.27	325.10	298.89	269.47	237.90	210.88	201.09	200.92
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	4.25	5.94	6.12	5.71	9.10	10.85	11.72	14.45	19.36
Alcohol-Induced*	50.36	49.43	44.84	40.55	35.60	37.63	39.94	42.33	43.74
Suicide	16.28	12.93	11.08	11.44	10.60	10.09	11.15	11.15	10.78
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	15.28	15.74	13.96	14.34	13.79	13.19	10.96	13.19	13.83

Page 504 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	10.49	10.27	10.38	12.91	14.08	13.75	14.49	15.67	17.62
Genitourinary System	13.55	12.59	17.22	17.44	19.86	20.22	19.53	16.91	19.06
Respiratory System	51.06	49.47	45.76	45.16	41.64	39.31	37.53	40.43	37.73
Digestive System*	52.63	51.20	48.17	48.48	48.80	47.86	46.54	50.63	44.78
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	14.04	12.79	7.85	6.65	5.77	6.10	4.86	4.70	5.47
Transport Injuries	27.08	27.11	23.25	23.53	21.50	20.36	16.33	18.62	20.08
Other External Causes	20.54	18.56	18.72	17.20	18.70	18.55	18.45	17.39	19.69
All Other Causes of Death	15.26	16.58	14.64	18.52	15.76	14.97	13.72	15.41	16.80

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among Hispanic males ages 55–64. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 505 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-16 Cause Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Females Ages 55-64

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	767.20	760.35	744.90	725.14	690.00	649.92	626.15	636.17	659.91
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	0.67	0.78	0.36	0.50	0.51	0.54	0.59	0.65	0.58
Non-HIV/AIDS	9.40	10.32	12.47	14.30	16.11	17.22	18.35	19.98	19.68
Cancers
Liver	3.79	4.18	4.20	4.17	4.38	4.84	5.59	6.91	7.52
Lung	104.57	104.83	102.16	99.36	92.37	82.07	72.55	71.31	67.85
All Other Cancers	248.27	240.99	230.35	220.33	208.23	193.52	184.21	176.72	173.33
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	28.45	31.60	32.36	33.23	33.03	31.19	29.35	29.91	32.24
Hypertensive Heart Disease	7.93	8.26	8.04	8.65	9.80	10.15	10.80	13.00	15.27
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	207.31	198.87	186.79	167.74	146.38	129.17	117.39	115.02	120.51
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	3.45	3.04	3.68	5.00	7.70	11.54	14.79	18.66	22.56
Alcohol-Induced*	6.52	6.16	5.53	5.53	5.72	6.64	8.17	9.83	12.65
Suicide	5.16	4.39	4.30	4.45	4.47	5.06	5.51	6.41	7.59
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	3.81	4.48	4.24	4.37	5.44	6.15	6.89	8.26	8.86

Page 506 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	12.82	14.18	15.53	19.06	19.94	20.73	21.09	22.35	24.01
Genitourinary System	7.80	8.13	9.55	11.09	11.28	11.50	11.26	11.09	12.16
Respiratory System	60.25	62.77	65.78	64.67	63.50	59.10	59.99	62.93	68.84
Digestive System*	24.41	23.28	24.17	25.14	24.69	25.03	25.64	27.80	29.13
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	1.72	1.51	1.36	1.42	1.31	1.36	1.39	1.45	1.57
Transport Injuries	9.29	9.71	10.22	9.59	9.23	8.26	6.65	6.74	7.12
Other External Causes	6.97	7.15	7.63	8.24	8.63	9.00	9.25	10.27	11.29
All Other Causes of Death	14.62	15.72	16.17	18.30	17.27	16.86	16.70	16.88	17.14

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic White females ages 55–64. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 507 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLES A-17 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Females Ages 55-64

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	1367.98	1340.86	1302.88	1229.51	1156.01	1062.93	996.15	988.17	1002.3
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	7.36	14.50	10.04	11.21	12.48	13.98	13.37	11.91	10.70
Non-HIV/AIDS	28.04	31.17	36.63	39.45	38.46	37.74	37.44	38.42	36.95
Cancers
Liver	6.52	7.14	7.11	7.31	7.90	8.35	10.74	12.42	13.48
Lung	108.58	104.81	101.66	96.17	91.33	80.77	76.84	73.06	68.08
All Other Cancers	342.25	332.47	322.64	297.41	283.77	268.72	255.12	247.79	242.89
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	92.73	102.92	103.15	92.53	89.30	79.47	70.27	68.49	70.97
Hypertensive Heart Disease	61.95	58.98	59.81	55.61	54.25	51.20	50.24	50.81	53.22
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	476.99	448.57	416.31	383.56	334.85	287.27	253.53	242.34	244.29
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	1.59	2.08	2.54	3.05	5.17	8.08	9.80	12.69	18.80
Alcohol-Induced*	12.18	11.60	8.26	7.85	6.86	6.06	7.13	7.71	9.26
Suicide	1.98	1.53	1.47	1.40	1.31	0.95	1.06	1.32	1.57
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	8.39	7.35	6.44	6.20	6.59	7.92	7.05	8.68	9.35

Page 508 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	15.27	15.56	19.57	21.65	23.52	24.29	24.51	26.00	27.98
Genitourinary System	35.72	36.12	39.27	42.55	43.89	40.94	35.45	33.83	36.48
Respiratory System	67.09	69.43	68.85	63.97	59.76	57.30	57.59	65.94	72.12
Digestive System*	41.75	37.22	37.57	36.64	34.61	32.58	31.59	32.85	31.68
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	5.66	4.69	3.57	3.00	3.11	2.93	2.77	2.71	3.50
Transport Injuries	10.44	9.73	10.77	8.31	9.13	8.13	6.55	6.72	7.06
Other External Causes	12.72	12.67	12.87	12.61	11.27	11.01	11.35	11.41	11.22
All Other Causes of Death	30.77	32.31	34.37	39.03	38.46	35.23	33.76	33.08	32.72

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among non-Hispanic Black females ages 55–64. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 509 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-18 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Females Ages 55-64

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	596.84	590.57	570.90	542.74	514.90	478.95	449.44	443.92	440.99
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	4.38	7.14	3.40	4.38	3.13	3.00	2.75	1.96	1.88
Non-HIV/AIDS	13.41	15.09	16.86	16.85	19.07	19.45	20.12	19.51	16.70
Cancers
Liver	6.17	6.99	7.20	7.88	8.12	8.08	8.52	10.45	9.96
Lung	26.69	25.70	25.23	23.59	21.99	20.87	19.55	19.67	18.45
All Other Cancers	178.44	173.30	166.91	162.39	154.13	149.09	140.81	137.20	135.29
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	50.36	55.92	55.65	52.42	47.74	40.38	34.07	35.54	35.63
Hypertensive Heart Disease	12.34	12.72	11.96	13.01	13.34	13.04	11.03	11.64	13.04
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	175.91	167.98	157.64	136.62	121.40	104.41	92.16	84.03	81.51
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	2.15	2.33	1.90	2.27	3.00	4.27	5.20	5.86	7.54
Alcohol-Induced*	8.38	7.22	6.71	5.78	6.02	5.99	7.22	7.95	9.27
Suicide	1.92	1.52	1.40	1.00	1.31	1.04	1.60	1.68	1.97
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	3.03	2.83	2.51	2.65	2.35	3.44	3.40	4.01	4.02

Page 510 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	1990-93	1994-96	1997-99	2000-02	2003-05	2006-08	2009-11	2012-14	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	7.38	8.79	8.37	10.02	10.94	11.22	11.39	10.94	13.44
Genitourinary System	12.33	11.14	12.47	14.99	15.49	16.35	13.82	13.09	12.98
Respiratory System	29.20	28.34	29.09	27.48	26.79	24.27	25.17	26.08	27.01
Digestive System*	33.06	30.19	29.48	27.19	27.89	26.97	27.12	28.01	26.52
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	2.54	1.90	1.76	1.74	1.36	1.27	1.39	1.35	1.24
Transport Injuries	10.70	11.77	10.74	9.95	9.75	7.12	6.09	6.59	6.45
Other External Causes	5.09	5.03	6.03	5.66	6.05	5.85	5.45	4.96	5.56
All Other Causes of Death	13.37	14.69	15.60	16.86	15.02	12.84	12.58	13.41	12.53

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates (in deaths per 100,000 people in the population) among Hispanic females ages 55–64. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the ICD-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 511 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-19 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Males Ages 25-64 Living in Large Central Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	224.09	175.70	162.81	198.33	838.81	726.52	654.79	643.75
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	52.48	7.17	1.77	0.89	31.00	7.56	4.61	3.29
Non-HIV/AIDS	4.48	4.64	2.58	2.12	10.24	18.32	19.59	16.44
Cancers
Liver	0.50	0.59	0.50	0.50	5.39	8.37	12.65	12.11
Lung	4.16	3.27	1.87	1.28	106.61	75.66	52.39	40.02
All Other Cancers	21.09	16.91	14.80	13.61	156.34	142.78	120.81	109.37
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	5.17	5.00	5.16	5.41	22.65	29.16	29.27	32.16
Hypertensive Heart Disease	1.26	2.26	3.32	3.61	11.38	13.26	19.21	22.46
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	29.10	25.30	21.03	20.02	299.82	221.27	163.46	153.04

Page 512 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	12.13	21.29	34.08	66.45	4.64	14.66	29.50	44.80
Alcohol-Induced*	5.43	3.62	3.73	4.69	16.76	16.23	18.76	20.81
Suicide	21.80	20.65	23.75	26.79	22.31	21.80	29.74	31.05
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	4.18	5.45	3.61	5.09	9.00	11.88	12.51	14.93
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	3.01	3.33	3.72	3.64	10.24	13.58	15.21	16.40
Genitourinary System	1.02	1.04	0.95	0.89	6.09	7.28	7.76	8.39
Respiratory System	4.68	3.73	3.69	3.19	41.05	36.88	35.16	34.84
Digestive System*	5.99	4.70	3.71	3.84	26.40	27.15	28.16	25.25
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	8.29	4.66	3.77	4.28	5.95	2.90	2.65	2.95
Transport Injuries	21.39	19.46	15.37	16.34	16.42	17.81	16.42	17.27
Other External Causes	10.44	9.21	8.72	9.13	13.99	14.51	18.08	18.58
All Other Causes of Death	7.47	13.42	6.66	6.57	22.54	25.46	18.87	19.59

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic White working-age males in large central metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 513 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-20 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Males Ages 25-64 Living in Large Fringe Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	196.33	194.49	197.98	238.70	830.48	756.98	731.08	767.65
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	24.13	5.00	1.57	0.83	11.49	3.64	3.32	3.07
Non-HIV/AIDS	3.11	5.01	3.30	3.23	8.89	17.59	22.13	21.09
Cancers
Liver	0.46	0.50	0.59	0.44	4.62	8.01	13.26	14.64
Lung	4.35	4.05	2.39	1.80	110.53	83.18	62.84	51.78
All Other Cancers	20.61	18.33	16.67	15.28	149.76	143.27	129.20	122.41
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	4.72	5.89	6.42	7.74	23.43	30.72	33.03	40.14
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.90	1.96	3.32	4.22	8.81	11.40	17.71	24.09
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	30.26	29.45	27.71	24.98	307.50	232.57	183.54	181.24
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	8.52	20.64	37.53	67.36	3.22	13.28	29.61	45.95
Alcohol-Induced*	4.69	4.21	4.46	6.08	16.56	17.98	21.52	26.39

Page 514 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	23.07	25.07	29.19	35.35	24.03	24.20	31.83	36.07
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	3.54	4.42	3.31	5.20	8.45	10.67	13.01	17.99
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	3.11	4.24	4.53	5.25	10.94	14.53	17.26	19.91
Genitourinary System	0.91	1.14	1.29	1.39	5.90	7.46	8.89	10.01
Respiratory System	4.27	4.20	4.42	4.61	45.28	42.37	43.17	47.64
Digestive System*	5.09	4.95	4.98	5.03	25.62	27.80	33.39	32.18
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	7.65	5.25	4.88	6.01	5.03	3.42	3.06	4.11
Transport Injuries	27.85	27.22	21.96	24.01	20.27	22.80	21.26	23.67
Other External Causes	11.96	11.87	11.42	12.21	15.53	16.91	21.15	22.25
All Other Causes of Death	7.17	11.10	8.04	7.68	24.62	25.17	21.90	23.01

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic White working-age males in large fringe metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 515 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-21 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Males Ages 25–64 Living in Small/Medium Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 5-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	195.06	197.63	207.13	236.00	865.54	782.03	767.40	812.83
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	16.73	3.67	1.34	0.55	7.67	2.99	2.66	2.53
Non-HIV/AIDS	2.70	4.56	3.31	3.33	8.92	16.09	21.34	21.09
Cancers
Liver	0.48	0.57	0.29	0.65	4.68	7.23	12.78	14.30
Lung	4.52	4.27	2.67	1.90	117.10	86.61	67.06	55.95
All Other Cancers	20.02	18.32	16.77	15.66	152.06	146.06	131.39	129.79
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	5.05	6.40	7.57	8.38	25.16	32.92	36.35	42.71
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.93	1.47	2.85	3.67	7.33	8.86	16.28	22.13
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	31.52	32.00	29.50	27.40	327.81	250.03	201.16	203.12

Page 516 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 5-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	5.74	16.12	33.33	52.49	2.74	10.60	25.26	35.29
Alcohol-Induced*	4.23	4.22	3.94	6.14	16.19	16.91	22.07	27.25
Suicide	25.21	26.74	32.29	37.93	24.05	24.53	33.68	38.16
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	3.17	4.22	3.76	5.61	8.77	10.47	13.09	19.40
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	3.79	4.35	5.24	5.99	11.14	15.25	18.56	21.51
Genitourinary System	1.01	1.36	1.60	1.75	6.50	8.25	9.59	11.40
Respiratory System	4.40	4.71	4.57	5.38	51.33	45.19	48.51	53.74
Digestive System*	4.92	4.68	5.07	5.02	25.11	27.34	33.88	34.94
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	7.28	4.83	4.81	6.75	5.38	3.38	3.34	3.75
Transport Injuries	32.36	31.55	26.14	25.66	23.76	26.16	25.22	28.05
Other External Causes	15.21	13.84	13.58	13.67	17.81	19.43	23.56	23.37
All Other Causes of Death	5.80	9.75	8.50	8.09	22.03	23.73	21.64	24.36

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic White working-age males in small/medium metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 517 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-22 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Males Ages 25–64 Living in Nonmetropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	206.06	224.03	234.74	267.70	878.35	820.79	816.05	872.60
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	11.17	3.00	1.22	0.78	4.97	2.26	2.06	1.88
Non-HIV/AIDS	2.24	4.15	3.41	3.81	7.92	15.66	22.33	22.52
Cancers
Liver	0.50	0.64	0.60	0.61	4.65	7.49	12.74	14.40
Lung	4.65	5.07	3.08	2.21	117.06	93.49	76.36	65.99
All Other Cancers	20.40	19.90	18.06	17.33	149.42	148.59	136.53	136.76
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	5.48	7.06	8.23	10.00	23.84	31.80	38.30	45.71
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.82	1.47	3.20	4.24	6.27	8.06	14.46	21.78
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	35.27	37.45	35.24	35.69	341.08	273.22	224.44	228.81
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	5.20	15.91	34.84	51.40	2.17	8.78	24.85	32.85
Alcohol-Induced*	3.64	3.58	3.84	5.45	15.58	15.59	19.53	24.67
Suicide	25.93	29.88	34.65	42.09	24.65	26.23	33.34	39.21
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	2.88	3.83	2.85	4.68	8.50	9.44	10.55	14.73

Page 518 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	3.64	4.23	5.84	6.06	11.01	14.94	17.55	21.14
Genitourinary System	1.11	1.33	1.58	2.07	5.94	8.53	9.72	12.21
Respiratory System	4.21	5.30	6.23	6.13	51.63	49.04	53.04	61.50
Digestive System*	4.47	4.84	5.55	6.03	24.39	27.20	34.44	36.88
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	8.52	5.63	5.19	7.12	5.54	3.70	3.76	4.69
Transport Injuries	41.58	42.55	35.42	36.06	28.11	32.05	32.06	33.14
Other External Causes	19.35	18.30	16.55	16.87	22.72	22.14	26.11	27.66
All Other Causes of Death	5.01	9.91	9.15	9.06	22.88	22.58	23.87	26.05

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic White working-age males in nonmetropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 519 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-23 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Males Ages 25-64 Living in Large Central Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	642.70	393.44	286.44	314.95	1728.58	1425.35	1090.57	1033.27
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	170.11	51.37	15.75	8.07	98.39	67.48	35.21	20.67
Non-HIV/AIDS	19.21	20.89	10.72	6.96	40.42	60.33	50.32	36.09
Cancers
Liver	1.84	1.77	1.12	1.29	13.45	20.33	29.68	23.33
Lung	10.27	6.46	2.05	2.17	188.71	122.98	81.38	54.43
All Other Cancers	31.51	22.20	17.94	16.59	258.54	219.22	167.41	146.98
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	13.91	11.65	12.68	14.29	61.12	66.32	56.92	64.70
Hypertensive Heart Disease	10.75	12.21	13.69	14.94	70.58	69.25	70.79	71.86
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	73.80	55.13	45.98	45.46	536.65	424.38	297.21	280.36
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	25.17	24.32	16.79	36.22	12.83	33.21	32.50	63.80
Alcohol-Induced*	14.20	3.74	1.81	2.13	41.04	20.26	14.20	14.11
Suicide	17.59	14.18	13.74	15.56	12.04	9.03	9.19	9.40

Page 520 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	15.49	8.00	2.97	3.46	35.16	26.64	16.81	16.20
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	6.85	6.21	5.74	6.96	16.17	17.65	19.27	21.31
Genitourinary System	8.52	4.58	4.37	4.03	32.02	33.97	27.72	28.14
Respiratory System	21.84	11.76	8.27	7.99	86.59	61.99	47.78	49.13
Digestive System*	17.24	7.77	4.85	4.40	57.51	50.06	39.46	30.14
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	107.53	66.40	61.42	73.44	42.01	20.25	17.89	22.57
Transport Injuries	27.57	27.09	21.67	26.17	26.35	24.30	17.83	23.55
Other External Causes	21.84	13.60	10.67	11.62	33.89	24.88	22.04	23.03
All Other Causes of Death	27.45	24.10	14.22	13.21	65.10	52.81	36.96	33.45

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic Black working-age males in large central metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 521 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-24 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Males Ages 25-64 Living in Large Fringe Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	477.67	361.79	293.62	336.96	1622.77	1413.10	1145.14	1128.13
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	88.98	36.78	13.09	7.48	45.42	42.86	26.51	19.22
Non-HIV/AIDS	12.33	20.09	9.56	7.44	28.03	53.09	47.14	40.28
Cancers
Liver	1.94	1.39	1.47	0.76	10.07	17.62	29.41	28.74
Lung	9.79	6.35	2.83	2.39	191.65	133.70	94.50	67.56
All Other Cancers	29.67	22.16	19.17	16.19	252.68	220.05	174.67	158.43
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	11.41	11.94	13.90	16.22	62.84	77.21	67.59	75.97
Hypertensive Heart Disease	8.17	8.87	11.62	15.30	53.24	51.55	60.16	63.57
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	72.59	63.10	53.09	55.17	549.16	442.99	319.44	313.83
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	10.89	15.61	13.56	33.79	4.56	16.25	24.38	43.56
Alcohol-Induced*	11.64	4.02	2.06	2.19	36.36	21.98	19.07	17.95
Suicide	16.05	15.25	14.75	17.14	10.58	9.48	8.63	10.14

Page 522 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	11.23	6.46	2.98	3.30	32.06	24.05	15.78	18.51
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	6.44	7.13	7.04	7.50	17.47	20.33	22.34	26.43
Genitourinary System	6.33	5.18	5.49	6.83	26.77	34.55	33.28	34.13
Respiratory System	14.12	10.20	8.78	9.28	81.97	65.43	52.72	57.01
Digestive System*	12.90	6.65	5.60	5.44	53.40	48.76	44.05	37.54
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	69.75	47.72	51.07	69.10	30.27	19.46	15.41	21.02
Transport Injuries	37.67	36.62	29.08	34.63	35.74	34.13	26.18	32.24
Other External Causes	25.01	14.89	13.62	12.57	34.07	27.75	23.76	22.62
All Other Causes of Death	20.78	21.36	14.84	14.24	66.42	51.85	40.12	39.35

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic Black working-age males in large fringe metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 523 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-25 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Males Ages 25-64 Living in Small/Medium Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	430.49	311.60	277.68	323.99	1717.77	1451.65	1171.27	1176.07
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	52.66	29.46	11.48	7.16	25.25	27.21	23.06	15.19
Non-HIV/AIDS	9.09	15.68	10.30	6.29	31.43	46.98	47.39	40.39
Cancers
Liver	1.29	1.30	1.14	1.06	9.68	15.89	25.58	22.57
Lung	9.28	9.94	3.65	3.23	205.67	136.72	101.20	73.72
All Other Cancers	27.86	22.58	18.36	16.38	275.19	232.50	175.52	167.14
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	9.68	10.98	14.27	20.18	68.16	81.36	69.09	73.94
Hypertensive Heart Disease	8.29	6.68	11.88	14.24	50.08	53.45	53.85	61.03
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	76.93	56.31	59.01	56.46	602.37	481.43	354.24	348.03
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	8.22	9.41	15.84	32.79	3.15	12.27	17.00	32.16
Alcohol-Induced*	11.69	4.54	2.23	2.88	36.39	22.89	17.55	17.78
Suicide	18.57	13.16	11.45	15.87	9.68	7.67	8.45	10.12
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	11.47	5.75	2.63	4.75	36.44	24.49	15.97	20.81

Page 524 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	7.62	6.60	6.62	9.27	15.85	24.91	24.46	27.16
Genitourinary System	4.84	4.92	6.48	5.27	31.66	39.22	38.14	38.80
Respiratory System	13.58	9.53	8.03	9.48	80.06	65.93	53.51	64.19
Digestive System*	12.75	7.59	5.43	5.16	55.37	48.27	39.82	44.11
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	61.65	29.88	34.04	50.85	35.33	14.60	12.50	18.18
Transport Injuries	40.43	34.79	26.83	35.61	41.17	32.17	26.50	34.54
Other External Causes	29.30	15.80	12.26	13.24	39.95	37.05	27.79	24.76
All Other Causes of Death	15.30	16.70	15.75	13.82	64.90	46.64	39.62	41.46

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic Black working-age males in small/medium metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 525 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-26 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Males Ages 25-64 Living in Nonmetropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	466.44	340.00	287.46	316.37	1809.05	1555.88	1249.46	1255.89
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	45.87	26.10	11.99	6.62	23.65	29.47	19.55	15.67
Non-HIV/AIDS	8.44	15.55	11.05	7.48	26.20	46.72	44.95	40.55
Cancers
Liver	1.75	1.48	0.88	1.21	9.61	13.11	21.53	22.35
Lung	11.38	8.09	2.56	2.86	206.54	164.85	114.67	89.43
All Other Cancers	30.87	22.75	19.24	16.94	263.02	239.57	194.65	179.39
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	11.45	12.24	12.68	17.72	67.63	75.68	73.61	85.40
Hypertensive Heart Disease	8.30	8.84	13.10	14.31	49.04	48.37	51.91	64.03
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	89.95	65.93	57.02	59.13	682.93	540.28	382.93	383.06
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	5.36	7.22	9.13	18.70	2.10	7.05	12.70	21.32
Alcohol-Induced*	10.91	5.42	2.51	1.99	32.70	23.51	16.68	18.74

Page 526 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	15.47	12.70	12.46	13.78	13.21	9.09	9.09	10.38
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	12.09	5.58	3.50	3.32	36.19	24.74	15.88	17.46
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	7.67	6.03	6.36	8.32	17.60	19.59	23.12	26.56
Genitourinary System	5.19	5.35	5.31	6.09	32.36	39.74	38.79	40.84
Respiratory System	14.61	8.40	8.89	10.10	85.96	70.42	61.73	63.51
Digestive System*	11.99	8.22	7.10	5.78	49.26	50.26	42.27	39.82
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	59.19	29.62	36.33	45.83	35.17	16.35	12.84	17.73
Transport Injuries	65.66	49.86	37.25	45.41	52.20	50.48	38.81	45.42
Other External Causes	35.07	23.42	14.59	15.41	54.61	40.05	31.33	31.91
All Other Causes of Death	15.20	17.19	15.52	15.37	69.07	46.55	42.43	42.31

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic Black working-age males in nonmetropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 527 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-27 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Males Ages 25-64 Living in Large Central Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	305.04	163.68	121.72	136.69	743.83	622.96	513.87	493.84
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	88.22	14.75	3.87	2.15	60.69	22.23	10.55	6.39
Non-HIV/AIDS	7.68	6.32	3.47	2.39	14.33	25.58	25.46	18.08
Cancers
Liver	0.89	0.79	0.64	0.50	9.66	14.16	19.06	17.87
Lung	2.27	1.35	0.91	0.68	41.33	32.67	21.33	14.98
All Other Cancers	15.69	12.43	11.33	11.64	106.46	100.49	86.84	80.78
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	4.45	3.50	3.87	4.78	27.92	33.89	30.76	32.78
Hypertensive Heart Disease	1.82	2.25	2.75	3.18	15.17	15.61	17.27	19.69
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	23.02	17.32	15.08	14.96	224.38	173.55	124.68	115.63
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	16.81	13.63	12.04	22.82	8.31	12.59	14.81	23.45
Alcohol-Induced*	12.83	6.55	5.09	5.81	44.29	32.03	29.14	29.50

Page 528 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	13.10	9.73	9.59	11.31	14.84	10.99	10.50	10.44
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	7.43	5.61	2.31	2.95	14.87	12.63	8.74	10.20
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	2.57	1.74	2.16	2.41	7.01	7.95	8.76	10.01
Genitourinary System	1.58	1.11	1.13	1.07	7.93	9.98	10.26	10.32
Respiratory System	6.68	2.65	3.35	2.66	29.95	24.20	20.69	19.12
Digestive System*	8.33	4.86	3.58	3.36	36.55	32.41	27.39	23.45
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	43.95	16.30	11.70	12.09	22.27	7.47	5.42	4.64
Transport Injuries	25.97	21.96	14.62	17.31	22.96	19.55	13.39	16.03
Other External Causes	12.99	9.99	9.57	9.31	16.20	13.62	15.02	16.56
All Other Causes of Death	8.75	10.85	4.67	5.33	18.70	21.35	13.82	13.93

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among Hispanic working-age males in large central metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 529 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-28 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Males Ages 25-64 Living in Large Fringe Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	245.27	180.83	142.50	165.00	731.25	692.76	592.62	604.94
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	33.50	9.96	3.91	1.62	15.41	10.33	6.94	5.23
Non-HIV/AIDS	5.07	6.75	3.78	3.65	15.97	31.38	32.12	27.31
Cancers
Liver	0.64	1.03	0.52	0.59	9.74	18.04	23.99	22.48
Lung	1.47	0.95	0.89	0.99	40.13	32.06	21.07	15.66
All Other Cancers	15.03	12.98	11.67	11.75	115.85	107.89	91.72	88.17
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	4.95	5.13	4.76	5.31	40.74	47.08	37.80	41.69
Hypertensive Heart Disease	1.34	1.83	1.93	3.02	9.79	14.27	18.12	18.87
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	24.37	18.42	17.05	19.21	226.10	186.49	137.68	132.09
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	17.35	16.47	15.64	25.79	9.05	15.53	19.73	28.04
Alcohol-Induced*	11.76	7.42	5.34	6.73	38.34	40.81	30.02	35.12

Page 530 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	16.55	11.92	11.66	15.08	13.30	9.34	12.20	13.16
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	6.67	4.45	2.33	2.79	15.81	13.09	8.90	10.97
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	2.77	3.07	2.41	3.33	9.43	9.49	10.33	14.51
Genitourinary System	1.22	1.36	1.42	1.33	11.11	10.24	13.83	12.38
Respiratory System	5.52	3.92	3.96	3.85	32.00	25.97	23.61	24.96
Digestive System*	9.29	6.31	6.02	5.00	41.42	43.96	44.21	41.78
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	27.33	14.10	12.47	14.18	12.39	5.69	5.10	6.37
Transport Injuries	38.25	32.04	20.51	22.97	33.49	28.38	19.33	23.48
Other External Causes	14.11	11.81	10.12	11.12	19.67	16.00	17.52	19.61
All Other Causes of Death	8.09	10.92	6.10	6.68	21.52	26.72	18.40	23.08

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among Hispanic working-age males in large fringe metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 531 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-29 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Males Ages 25-64 Living in Small/Medium Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	220.74	175.49	137.31	156.08	699.50	640.03	568.27	571.72
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	22.58	6.23	2.44	1.66	15.01	7.59	3.64	2.83
Non-HIV/AIDS	4.64	6.29	4.60	3.30	13.21	25.77	26.57	25.19
Cancers
Liver	1.02	0.41	0.35	0.57	8.82	14.72	21.83	21.83
Lung	0.52	1.11	0.59	0.68	38.92	33.45	19.13	14.89
All Other Cancers	15.91	13.33	10.88	11.98	104.84	94.12	84.83	82.38
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	3.81	5.03	5.75	6.16	46.44	47.70	39.39	37.03
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.87	1.90	1.00	1.96	6.80	7.88	12.66	13.46
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	21.01	18.76	16.57	15.37	214.03	171.72	130.43	130.88
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	13.37	12.01	13.92	21.67	2.98	9.99	15.82	21.58
Alcohol-Induced*	10.92	7.76	6.52	7.13	36.29	35.87	33.62	36.70

Page 532 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	14.39	13.88	13.80	17.07	16.98	12.71	11.02	11.65
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	7.84	4.69	2.31	2.96	12.67	16.33	9.39	13.75
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	1.82	2.16	2.14	4.11	6.63	8.42	12.07	12.62
Genitourinary System	0.92	0.75	1.35	1.10	9.00	8.02	11.96	13.30
Respiratory System	3.82	4.42	4.39	3.86	30.66	25.52	24.03	25.54
Digestive System*	8.04	5.58	4.67	6.15	42.45	43.56	41.29	35.76
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	21.02	10.78	8.70	9.33	10.33	3.35	6.44	5.44
Transport Injuries	45.45	39.31	21.27	22.82	38.93	31.26	22.54	23.76
Other External Causes	16.54	14.35	12.71	12.79	24.43	18.21	21.30	22.78
All Other Causes of Death	6.24	6.74	3.36	5.41	20.10	23.84	20.30	20.35

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among Hispanic working-age males in small/medium metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 533 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-30 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Males Ages 25-64 Living in Nonmetropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	241.11	191.64	155.40	165.45	783.61	683.79	626.17	614.95
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	16.62	4.93	2.41	1.73	8.80	6.33	3.33	3.66
Non-HIV/AIDS	3.20	7.62	4.62	2.68	13.78	27.84	33.38	27.58
Cancers
Liver	0.33	1.42	0.64	0.82	11.00	14.54	22.72	25.15
Lung	2.05	1.90	0.70	0.41	47.40	30.09	23.54	17.85
All Other Cancers	13.54	12.29	9.68	9.57	102.79	101.03	95.02	82.79
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	5.55	4.49	5.84	6.64	44.16	50.63	41.81	43.41
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.68	1.02	1.70	2.98	6.43	6.32	11.36	13.22
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	24.20	17.98	16.09	20.09	282.44	190.95	144.47	150.71
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	9.03	11.54	14.37	20.06	2.27	8.81	13.82	17.55
Alcohol-Induced*	11.99	6.72	5.22	5.15	39.67	31.67	32.75	32.61

Page 534 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	23.62	17.19	16.23	20.61	18.52	16.14	13.93	15.15
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	6.24	4.87	2.68	2.92	12.63	11.79	9.61	9.49
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	2.22	2.35	2.57	3.29	9.18	10.48	11.04	13.46
Genitourinary System	1.04	1.00	1.53	1.27	7.61	11.98	14.25	15.32
Respiratory System	5.00	2.61	4.94	3.02	30.60	32.75	27.39	27.13
Digestive System*	7.00	6.68	5.65	5.19	42.43	44.14	51.48	44.77
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	23.30	14.06	8.30	9.73	13.89	8.95	4.45	5.62
Transport Injuries	54.92	46.56	31.63	29.10	46.67	37.62	29.46	28.23
Other External Causes	25.56	18.80	15.85	15.24	23.31	21.50	24.68	23.34
All Other Causes of Death	4.98	7.62	4.77	4.95	20.05	20.23	17.68	17.90

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among Hispanic working-age males in nonmetropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 535 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-31 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Females Ages 25-64 Living in Large Central Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	87.28	91.51	89.26	103.91	483.81	443.70	397.17	396.31
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	2.97	1.47	0.48	0.26	1.29	1.06	0.71	0.60
Non-HIV/AIDS	1.52	2.21	1.98	1.93	6.05	10.10	11.80	11.13
Cancers
Liver	0.22	0.22	0.25	0.35	2.32	2.50	3.47	4.08
Lung	3.15	3.09	1.85	1.17	64.49	53.87	39.93	32.86
All Other Cancers	26.04	21.96	18.27	17.32	168.96	142.66	118.01	106.95
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	2.80	3.31	3.29	3.64	16.04	18.74	16.23	17.64
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.37	0.79	1.23	1.32	5.30	6.07	8.13	9.97
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	11.07	11.29	9.75	9.77	113.91	89.23	64.58	63.42
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	4.70	9.93	18.35	29.43	4.45	9.02	21.91	28.10
Alcohol-Induced*	2.03	1.96	2.14	2.98	5.97	5.35	8.06	10.65

Page 536 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	4.55	4.46	5.14	6.79	5.48	4.78	6.40	7.90
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	1.32	2.16	1.85	2.85	2.99	4.07	5.48	6.89
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	2.26	2.41	2.61	2.78	8.50	12.08	12.95	13.34
Genitourinary System	0.69	0.88	0.91	0.89	4.67	5.96	5.98	6.15
Respiratory System	2.96	3.33	3.39	3.05	31.38	31.33	29.43	30.67
Digestive System*	2.79	2.95	2.48	3.14	15.44	15.37	16.07	16.39
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	3.29	2.04	1.65	1.87	2.09	1.31	1.23	1.46
Transport Injuries	7.68	7.04	5.08	5.43	7.56	7.10	5.22	5.64
Other External Causes	2.25	2.50	2.92	3.21	4.80	5.72	7.38	8.12
All Other Causes of Death	4.60	7.49	5.66	5.70	12.12	17.39	14.21	14.35

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic White working-age females in large central metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 537 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-32 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Females Ages 25-64 Living in Large Fringe Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	87.77	103.48	111.15	132.37	474.45	460.73	440.00	471.08
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	1.50	1.05	0.40	0.32	0.74	0.53	0.66	0.50
Non-HIV/AIDS	1.41	2.45	2.58	2.62	6.37	10.12	13.16	13.80
Cancers
Liver	0.21	0.29	0.40	0.46	2.26	2.51	3.54	4.22
Lung	3.03	3.84	2.60	1.51	59.72	53.84	46.06	39.53
All Other Cancers	25.99	22.89	20.09	19.62	158.44	139.81	117.35	113.37
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	3.11	4.43	4.49	5.16	17.86	20.87	19.65	23.04
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.30	0.76	1.16	1.84	4.35	5.55	7.75	11.03
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	11.70	13.69	13.09	13.65	115.94	97.14	75.73	79.28
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	4.06	11.07	22.65	34.69	3.83	9.46	24.62	31.74
Alcohol-Induced*	1.76	2.05	2.49	3.88	5.27	5.74	8.97	12.47

Page 538 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	4.66	4.71	6.08	9.14	5.38	4.97	6.89	9.24
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	1.03	1.65	1.45	3.28	2.83	3.51	5.51	7.41
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	2.37	2.87	3.47	3.80	9.17	13.04	14.18	16.71
Genitourinary System	0.70	1.10	1.21	1.34	4.47	6.66	6.89	8.02
Respiratory System	3.16	4.02	4.51	4.64	33.39	36.68	37.00	42.63
Digestive System*	2.53	3.07	3.59	4.11	15.49	16.18	19.65	21.59
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	3.27	2.68	2.33	2.51	2.18	1.57	1.56	1.66
Transport Injuries	9.72	10.20	7.90	8.44	8.54	8.70	6.85	7.64
Other External Causes	2.50	2.77	3.63	3.99	5.23	6.14	7.99	9.62
All Other Causes of Death	4.78	7.89	7.01	7.39	13.00	17.71	15.98	17.58

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic White working-age females in large fringe metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 539 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-33 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Females Ages 25-64 Living in Small/Medium Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	90.17	106.27	116.45	132.61	490.11	473.83	462.99	503.41
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	1.12	0.82	0.41	0.22	0.49	0.30	0.65	0.40
Non-HIV/AIDS	1.29	2.59	2.56	2.71	5.96	10.04	12.99	14.61
Cancers
Liver	0.27	0.40	0.23	0.35	2.16	2.69	3.43	4.38
Lung	2.72	3.85	2.57	1.70	60.94	56.88	47.38	43.17
All Other Cancers	26.69	23.38	19.78	19.10	162.49	138.88	120.56	116.44
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	3.69	4.37	5.22	5.84	19.03	22.33	22.80	25.78
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.22	0.69	1.27	1.79	4.04	4.59	7.39	10.60
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	12.33	15.29	15.35	15.53	124.44	105.13	85.43	91.68
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	3.45	9.34	20.90	29.03	3.46	7.56	23.11	29.07
Alcohol-Induced*	1.45	2.14	2.41	3.81	4.38	5.31	8.16	12.11

Page 540 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	4.91	4.72	6.86	9.08	5.55	5.28	6.74	9.28
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	1.17	1.74	1.50	3.49	2.63	3.53	5.71	7.72
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	2.28	3.56	3.54	4.35	9.26	13.87	15.01	17.63
Genitourinary System	0.73	1.09	1.63	1.07	4.39	6.68	7.51	9.08
Respiratory System	3.12	3.61	4.84	5.20	34.82	38.06	40.92	48.31
Digestive System*	2.47	3.06	3.86	4.13	15.26	16.57	20.22	22.71
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	3.50	2.44	2.51	2.43	2.28	1.54	1.64	2.00
Transport Injuries	11.54	12.15	9.09	10.18	9.95	10.38	8.20	9.60
Other External Causes	3.13	3.52	4.31	4.74	5.90	6.88	8.57	10.42
All Other Causes of Death	4.09	7.51	7.62	7.87	12.68	17.34	16.56	18.39

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic White working-age females in small/medium metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 541 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-34 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic White Females Ages 25-64 Living in Nonmetropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	94.04	117.75	136.50	156.66	485.17	495.14	503.68	557.48
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	0.71	0.64	0.39	0.28	0.31	0.31	0.43	0.44
Non-HIV/AIDS	1.26	2.49	2.96	3.83	5.65	10.32	14.41	16.24
Cancers
Liver	0.32	0.36	0.42	0.42	2.58	2.68	3.63	4.90
Lung	3.02	4.32	3.32	2.31	56.92	57.26	53.46	51.17
All Other Cancers	27.36	24.48	22.62	21.70	156.03	142.35	124.78	122.62
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	3.41	4.69	6.00	7.92	19.26	24.38	24.01	29.18
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.28	0.84	1.30	2.27	3.19	4.47	6.87	11.26
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	14.07	17.76	18.32	20.84	131.94	116.68	99.54	108.28
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	2.72	8.96	23.41	29.94	2.62	7.39	22.36	29.54
Alcohol-Induced*	1.16	1.70	2.14	3.25	3.93	4.22	7.52	10.52

Page 542 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	4.75	5.21	6.70	8.81	4.85	4.49	6.60	9.11
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	0.86	1.65	1.41	3.25	2.16	3.18	4.99	6.93
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	2.64	3.29	4.41	4.93	9.07	12.62	15.40	18.26
Genitourinary System	0.78	1.36	1.62	1.96	4.88	7.35	8.27	10.01
Respiratory System	3.01	4.70	6.34	6.42	34.17	39.52	48.74	57.58
Digestive System*	2.32	3.16	3.98	4.91	14.60	17.06	20.27	25.70
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	3.53	3.31	2.87	3.26	2.33	1.94	1.82	2.17
Transport Injuries	14.32	17.05	14.38	15.49	11.93	13.82	11.53	12.28
Other External Causes	3.54	4.56	5.09	5.35	6.21	7.34	10.02	11.26
All Other Causes of Death	3.98	7.19	8.79	9.52	12.54	17.75	19.02	20.04

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic White working-age females in nonmetropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 543 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-35 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Females Ages 25-64 Living in Large Central Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	252.59	209.52	152.18	150.31	919.69	833.20	668.61	640.65
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	39.64	24.37	8.47	4.27	15.65	20.69	13.70	9.04
Non-HIV/AIDS	9.32	12.14	7.72	5.24	21.89	31.61	28.03	23.68
Cancers
Liver	0.59	0.63	0.52	0.58	4.10	5.05	6.87	7.21
Lung	4.81	4.33	1.87	1.27	70.98	58.58	47.20	36.37
All Other Cancers	40.86	33.70	29.15	26.60	235.40	199.30	168.50	157.62
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	8.05	8.33	8.17	9.04	53.79	52.51	40.31	42.57
Hypertensive Heart Disease	6.04	6.90	7.50	7.17	45.35	40.70	38.34	38.36
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	39.76	34.66	24.61	23.87	283.58	231.55	154.48	144.00
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	8.25	10.75	9.18	14.93	3.69	10.07	15.73	24.85
Alcohol-Induced*	5.74	1.70	1.14	1.73	11.97	7.25	5.71	7.00

Page 544 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	2.65	1.93	2.41	2.91	2.00	1.74	1.43	1.74
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	5.68	3.55	1.51	1.89	7.94	7.04	6.11	6.50
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	4.16	4.37	4.61	5.31	11.53	15.93	15.82	17.81
Genitourinary System	4.16	4.18	3.30	3.46	22.01	24.17	19.92	19.68
Respiratory System	12.36	8.46	6.99	5.77	45.67	41.71	37.28	40.48
Digestive System*	8.37	5.01	3.75	3.63	30.35	24.80	21.10	19.52
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	20.29	10.64	6.73	7.41	6.91	4.06	3.42	3.32
Transport Injuries	8.40	8.31	5.78	6.79	8.10	7.58	5.50	6.21
Other External Causes	4.87	3.67	3.29	3.31	9.26	8.36	7.98	8.03
All Other Causes of Death	18.59	21.89	15.47	15.15	29.50	40.48	31.17	26.67

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic Black working-age females in large central metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 545 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-36 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Females Ages 25-64 Living in Large Fringe Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	218.15	205.00	169.97	180.52	889.80	852.66	708.02	701.81
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	21.39	16.24	7.25	4.44	6.97	10.71	11.01	9.80
Non-HIV/AIDS	7.91	12.46	8.92	5.91	17.84	31.49	29.88	26.51
Cancers
Liver	0.60	0.68	0.70	0.44	2.97	4.80	6.98	7.93
Lung	4.06	4.24	1.81	0.91	61.72	57.09	48.77	38.33
All Other Cancers	38.86	35.19	28.23	27.61	215.40	195.10	163.90	152.49
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	8.16	9.13	10.50	14.67	64.67	67.55	49.93	52.55
Hypertensive Heart Disease	4.81	5.86	7.15	8.22	32.88	33.58	31.59	35.59
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	40.98	39.28	33.42	33.05	301.26	249.12	174.82	171.12
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	4.68	7.99	8.47	15.05	2.37	7.16	13.69	17.66
Alcohol-Induced*	5.18	2.13	1.45	1.90	13.05	7.73	7.35	8.55

Page 546 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	2.25	1.85	1.67	2.93	1.73	1.36	1.28	1.78
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	4.16	2.38	0.79	1.65	8.47	5.16	5.47	6.48
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	4.37	5.51	5.89	7.16	11.30	18.33	19.39	21.48
Genitourinary System	3.28	4.40	5.40	4.71	18.90	28.09	26.87	25.33
Respiratory System	8.51	7.61	7.10	7.26	44.19	43.72	39.24	45.96
Digestive System*	7.29	5.59	4.45	4.68	28.37	28.03	23.61	23.29
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	19.26	9.89	7.92	8.39	7.50	3.96	3.79	4.27
Transport Injuries	10.24	9.24	8.15	9.20	10.27	10.78	6.89	9.69
Other External Causes	5.04	4.05	3.28	4.35	8.85	10.29	9.48	9.44
All Other Causes of Death	17.12	21.27	17.42	18.00	31.11	38.61	34.10	33.53

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic Black working-age females in large fringe metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 547 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-37 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Females Ages 25-64 Living in Small/Medium Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	217.28	211.02	183.95	184.40	948.43	874.21	743.91	762.33
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	11.73	14.17	7.01	4.70	5.69	9.09	7.77	7.36
Non-HIV/AIDS	8.04	10.57	9.18	5.73	21.74	30.21	29.65	33.05
Cancers
Liver	0.49	0.57	0.51	0.48	3.71	5.00	5.39	5.90
Lung	4.72	3.91	2.30	1.20	66.07	55.59	47.56	39.12
All Other Cancers	40.52	37.26	28.60	29.42	237.09	194.15	171.68	165.56
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	8.88	10.78	12.49	17.33	60.47	71.83	54.03	56.82
Hypertensive Heart Disease	4.26	4.65	7.43	8.47	39.47	32.62	34.27	34.99
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	48.93	44.68	38.09	32.25	324.87	272.19	196.43	196.95
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	3.16	5.85	7.62	13.82	1.27	4.44	9.78	15.28
Alcohol-Induced*	4.78	3.09	1.29	2.17	10.92	7.07	7.43	6.86

Page 548 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	1.53	1.86	1.35	2.37	1.87	0.99	1.03	0.88
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	3.66	2.37	1.92	1.73	9.92	8.05	5.45	6.42
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	4.84	5.15	6.88	7.29	13.46	13.74	18.28	23.69
Genitourinary System	3.51	4.86	6.31	4.96	20.46	30.94	29.24	29.21
Respiratory System	10.82	8.17	7.41	8.85	39.68	40.86	43.70	52.69
Digestive System*	7.11	5.87	5.79	5.03	30.19	27.47	25.36	26.47
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	16.84	10.52	6.10	6.70	5.81	3.31	3.29	4.22
Transport Injuries	11.18	12.91	8.96	8.20	10.08	12.17	8.87	9.32
Other External Causes	6.76	4.54	4.55	3.65	14.40	12.24	10.72	9.73
All Other Causes of Death	15.53	19.24	20.15	20.06	31.27	42.26	34.00	37.81

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic Black working-age females in small/medium metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 549 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-38 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Non-Hispanic Black Females Ages 25-64 Living in Nonmetropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	231.14	239.93	213.17	217.15	951.95	915.63	783.66	805.23
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	10.68	14.39	9.74	5.52	3.92	7.83	9.85	8.56
Non-HIV/AIDS	6.49	12.12	11.24	9.44	17.63	25.04	30.39	29.28
Cancers
Liver	0.60	0.65	0.64	0.38	4.75	4.65	5.48	7.59
Lung	3.10	4.01	1.55	1.14	49.89	52.01	45.84	37.48
All Other Cancers	44.45	41.53	35.40	28.03	214.76	209.98	177.46	172.96
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	9.67	11.73	15.76	18.90	72.21	71.91	65.39	68.63
Hypertensive Heart Disease	4.53	7.01	8.82	7.98	34.84	31.42	33.41	37.78
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	54.54	50.62	43.44	47.43	361.26	311.70	217.62	215.50
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	1.91	3.72	6.79	8.67	1.12	2.28	6.41	11.27
Alcohol-Induced*	4.90	2.49	1.23	1.31	9.90	8.91	6.50	6.64

Page 550 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	1.70	1.83	1.62	2.47	1.66	0.98	1.19	1.35
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	4.31	2.44	1.42	1.18	6.60	4.61	5.49	5.81
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	4.85	5.94	6.03	7.66	12.48	16.47	19.09	24.38
Genitourinary System	4.02	5.13	6.34	7.69	24.78	32.11	30.64	30.86
Respiratory System	9.55	10.70	9.51	9.20	41.08	39.08	41.47	54.55
Digestive System*	6.85	6.95	6.40	5.43	27.14	25.92	22.34	26.01
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	17.55	10.62	7.62	8.92	6.78	4.67	4.51	3.65
Transport Injuries	18.21	18.89	13.46	19.05	16.09	15.36	13.86	12.80
Other External Causes	7.07	6.54	5.22	5.57	13.21	13.37	12.65	11.08
All Other Causes of Death	16.16	22.62	20.92	21.19	31.85	37.33	34.06	39.06

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among non-Hispanic Black working-age females in nonmetropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 551 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-39 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Females Ages 25-64 Living in Large Central Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	90.29	71.96	56.99	60.57	368.11	336.42	276.55	266.90
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	14.51	4.70	1.05	0.48	8.19	5.66	2.76	1.49
Non-HIV/AIDS	2.90	2.79	1.88	1.22	8.36	12.08	12.35	9.05
Cancers
Liver	0.25	0.34	0.27	0.38	3.36	4.40	4.77	5.25
Lung	1.06	1.01	0.80	0.57	14.62	13.65	11.34	10.20
All Other Cancers	20.51	19.35	15.99	16.80	117.23	106.74	90.67	87.30
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	2.21	2.29	2.47	2.39	22.72	26.39	18.19	18.86
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.92	0.88	0.95	1.01	8.00	7.87	7.44	8.27
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	9.72	8.28	6.35	6.48	97.02	74.03	50.63	45.44
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	2.92	3.80	4.74	6.67	2.49	3.47	6.55	7.90
Alcohol-Induced*	2.07	1.36	1.22	1.95	7.60	5.27	6.45	7.32

Page 552 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	2.20	1.58	1.72	2.43	2.09	1.62	1.55	2.03
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	1.33	1.19	0.67	0.80	1.88	2.13	2.39	2.40
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	1.45	1.51	1.44	1.60	4.79	5.95	6.18	7.62
Genitourinary System	0.99	0.93	0.82	0.94	6.91	7.63	7.05	6.86
Respiratory System	3.60	2.36	2.29	1.78	17.93	15.94	14.33	14.24
Digestive System*	2.31	2.14	1.70	1.75	17.47	15.12	14.42	13.26
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	6.70	3.15	2.39	2.29	3.58	1.91	1.30	1.21
Transport Injuries	6.93	6.01	4.02	4.50	8.64	8.22	4.43	4.87
Other External Causes	1.71	1.26	1.34	1.52	3.30	3.66	3.88	3.65
All Other Causes of Death	5.98	7.03	4.87	5.00	11.93	14.66	9.89	9.69

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among Hispanic working-age females in large central metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 553 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-40 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Females Ages 25-64 Living in Large Fringe Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	84.27	79.31	66.67	77.35	402.60	378.29	325.52	327.26
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	6.03	2.60	0.85	0.43	1.65	3.23	1.39	1.04
Non-HIV/AIDS	1.77	2.66	2.18	2.19	9.08	14.45	15.83	13.86
Cancers
Liver	0.31	0.40	0.30	0.42	4.51	3.66	4.37	5.63
Lung	0.97	0.93	0.75	0.92	16.26	12.07	10.86	9.58
All Other Cancers	22.43	19.31	15.82	16.97	122.30	110.41	96.54	94.24
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	2.79	3.33	3.36	3.70	36.11	34.91	22.79	25.98
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.55	0.61	0.87	1.05	5.86	7.05	6.65	8.00
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	11.21	10.30	7.16	8.47	108.58	88.62	62.90	56.56
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	2.77	4.21	7.03	9.14	1.34	4.81	9.05	11.70
Alcohol-Induced*	2.08	1.62	1.49	2.44	6.61	5.91	6.80	7.25

Page 554 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	2.25	1.53	1.59	2.84	1.08	1.45	2.43	2.58
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	0.89	1.63	0.56	0.93	2.58	2.67	2.48	3.40
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	1.80	1.30	2.08	2.34	5.42	6.76	7.80	10.00
Genitourinary System	0.90	1.09	1.24	1.02	8.58	10.79	9.58	9.30
Respiratory System	2.86	2.42	3.29	2.23	17.33	17.40	17.39	18.05
Digestive System*	2.57	2.61	2.58	3.00	23.32	20.09	21.48	20.86
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	4.51	3.59	2.32	2.73	2.66	2.25	1.64	2.07
Transport Injuries	10.70	9.55	5.88	7.66	11.07	10.79	7.14	7.59
Other External Causes	1.74	2.43	1.81	1.92	3.84	3.83	4.45	4.87
All Other Causes of Death	5.15	7.18	5.51	6.96	14.42	17.16	13.96	14.71

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among Hispanic working-age females in large fringe metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 555 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-41 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Females Ages 25-64 Living in Small/Medium Metropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	86.95	74.88	67.59	77.73	416.57	360.21	324.47	309.09
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	3.28	1.86	0.78	0.31	1.07	1.35	1.37	0.48
Non-HIV/AIDS	1.44	2.49	2.31	1.76	6.37	11.45	14.37	13.89
Cancers
Liver	0.39	0.25	0.10	0.31	3.11	6.36	5.19	4.60
Lung	0.94	0.55	1.18	1.46	17.87	16.75	10.28	11.48
All Other Cancers	22.82	16.89	13.88	17.18	123.42	104.18	87.21	82.49
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	3.26	4.18	2.91	4.05	39.85	34.41	25.03	24.60
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.22	0.53	0.58	0.78	5.58	5.17	6.89	6.31
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	8.56	8.67	7.27	6.97	111.60	79.19	66.42	53.50
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	3.63	5.95	7.92	10.85	1.43	2.75	9.11	9.58
Alcohol-Induced*	2.39	1.24	1.72	2.51	6.19	6.23	8.13	8.50

Page 556 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	2.62	1.41	1.66	3.93	1.82	0.80	1.65	3.65
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	0.30	0.60	0.54	0.71	4.25	2.33	2.79	4.34
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	2.25	1.45	2.11	1.89	5.51	8.70	8.50	9.07
Genitourinary System	0.65	0.99	1.34	1.18	10.51	8.51	10.71	9.48
Respiratory System	4.02	2.30	2.99	2.25	17.23	13.88	17.57	18.33
Digestive System*	3.38	2.44	3.07	2.63	25.91	19.21	22.66	19.76
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	5.08	3.02	1.62	2.75	2.54	3.81	0.59	1.72
Transport Injuries	15.25	11.52	7.51	7.35	12.25	12.62	6.08	8.90
Other External Causes	2.71	3.25	2.49	2.63	5.14	5.72	5.35	4.90
All Other Causes of Death	3.76	5.28	5.62	6.23	14.94	16.80	14.58	13.52

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among Hispanic working-age females in small/medium metropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.

Page 557 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

TABLE A-42 Cause-Specific Mortality Rates (Deaths/100,000): Hispanic Females Ages 25-64 Living in Nonmetropolitan Areas

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
All-Cause Mortality	92.35	81.31	79.70	89.30	450.12	399.44	355.23	364.25
Cause-Specific Mortality
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
HIV/AIDS	1.50	0.99	0.89	0.54	0.73	0.98	0.37	0.94
Non-HIV/AIDS	1.44	3.41	2.65	2.06	10.52	11.87	17.40	14.51
Cancers
Liver	0.41	0.30	0.06	0.55	3.30	5.40	4.73	5.45
Lung	0.71	1.12	0.85	1.01	19.55	16.56	15.50	12.40
All Other Cancers	23.89	19.98	16.38	16.61	136.69	107.84	93.04	88.98
Cardio and Metabolic Diseases
Endocrine, Nutrition, & Metabolic Diseases	4.18	2.47	4.64	4.90	47.78	41.87	26.47	31.46
Hypertensive Heart Disease	0.25	0.46	0.64	0.84	4.86	4.98	5.87	7.05
Ischemic & Other Circulatory Diseases	11.47	9.92	8.02	9.40	120.74	98.39	70.64	72.99
Substance Use and Mental Health
Drug Poisonings	2.55	5.41	7.72	10.46	1.97	4.83	9.81	9.48
Alcohol-Induced*	1.02	1.65	1.87	3.30	3.43	4.08	7.03	8.91

Page 558 Cite Bookmark

Suggested Citation: "Appendix A: Mortality Data Analyses: Review Process and Detailed Mortality Rate Tables." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25976.

	Ages 25-44				Ages 45-64
	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17	1990-93	2000-02	2009-11	2015-17
Suicide	2.36	0.72	2.17	3.98	1.22	1.77	1.76	2.40
Mental & Behavioral Disorders	1.49	0.84	0.34	0.98	2.09	2.15	3.14	4.65
Other Body System Diseases & Disorders
Nervous System	2.61	1.45	2.72	2.24	5.07	6.78	10.02	10.61
Genitourinary System	1.21	1.94	1.04	1.23	9.23	11.90	12.37	11.80
Respiratory System	2.91	1.27	3.44	2.72	19.80	16.32	16.89	19.89
Digestive System*	2.90	2.00	2.54	3.53	25.71	21.34	24.39	26.75
Other Causes of Death
Homicides	7.18	3.68	2.64	2.96	2.59	4.08	1.51	1.94
Transport Injuries	16.18	15.72	11.98	12.41	14.16	15.21	13.45	11.31
Other External Causes	2.44	2.73	3.18	2.50	5.44	7.52	5.65	6.28
All Other Causes of Death	5.64	5.26	5.93	7.07	15.23	15.59	15.17	16.45

*Changes in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code for diseases of the digestive system in 2006 affected the comparability of both digestive system deaths and alcohol-induced deaths before and after that year. More information is provided in Chapter 5.

NOTE: The table shows the all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates among Hispanic working-age females in nonmetropolitan areas by age group (25–44 and 45–64). These causes of death are exhaustive of all underlying cause-of-death codes and are based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 (1990–1998) and ICD-10 (1999–2017) codes. Mortality rates within each age group are age-adjusted by single-year of age groups to match the age distribution of the U.S. population in 2000 in order to improve comparability over time. More information about the classification of causes of death can be found in Chapter 5.

SOURCE: Data from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/nvss-restricted-data.htm.