Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures (2025)
Chapter: Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs
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Appendix A: Survey Questionnaire
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
APPENDIX B
List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs
Table B-1. List of Departments of Transportation (DOTs) responding to the survey.
| Responding DOT |
|---|
| Alabama Department of Transportation |
| Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities |
| Arizona Department of Transportation |
| Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department |
| California Department of Transportation |
| Colorado Department of Transportation |
| Connecticut Department of Transportation |
| Delaware Department of Transportation |
| District Department of Transportation |
| Florida Department of Transportation |
| Georgia Department of Transportation |
| Hawaii Department of Transportation |
| Idaho Transportation Department |
| Illinois Department of Transportation |
| Indiana Department of Transportation |
| Kansas Department of Transportation |
| Kentucky Transportation Cabinet |
| Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development |
| Maine Department of Transportation |
| Maryland Department of Transportation |
| Massachusetts Department of Transportation |
| Michigan Department of Transportation |
| Minnesota Department of Transportation |
| Mississippi Department of Transportation |
| Missouri Department of Transportation |
| Montana Department of Transportation |
Page
160
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Responding DOT |
|---|
| Nebraska Department of Transportation |
| Nevada Department of Transportation |
| New Hampshire Department of Transportation |
| New Jersey Department of Transportation |
| New Mexico Department of Transportation |
| New York State Department of Transportation |
| North Carolina Department of Transportation |
| North Dakota Department of Transportation |
| Ohio Department of Transportation |
| Oklahoma Department of Transportation |
| Oregon Department of Transportation |
| Pennsylvania Department of Transportation |
| Rhode Island Department of Transportation |
| South Carolina Department of Transportation |
| South Dakota Department of Transportation |
| Tennessee Department of Transportation |
| Texas Department of Transportation |
| Vermont Agency of Transportation |
| Virginia Department of Transportation |
| Washington State Department of Transportation |
| West Virginia Department of Transportation |
| Wisconsin Department of Transportation |
| Wyoming Department of Transportation |
Page
161
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
In the following tables in Appendix B, a “-” in a cell generally indicates that a DOT did not respond to the respective question or part of a question. For tables showing resources submitted by DOTs (Tables B-15 and B-18), a “-” in a cell indicates that a URL is not available for the respective resource.
Table B-2. Individual DOT responses to Question 1 (implementation stage of each FHWA PSC) – Speed Management and Pedestrian / Bicyclist PSCs.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Not Implemented, 2 = Development Stage, 3 = Demonstration Stage, 4 = Assessment Stage, 5 = Institutionalized). | |||||||||||
| Alabama | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Alaska | 5 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Arizona | 5 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 |
| Arkansas | 1 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 |
| California | 5 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Colorado | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Connecticut | 2 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 |
| Delaware | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| District of Columbia | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Florida | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | 5 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| Idaho | 1 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 |
| Illinois | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Page
162
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indiana | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
| Kentucky | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 3 |
| Louisiana | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Maine | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Maryland | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Massachusetts | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 |
| Michigan | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Minnesota | 5 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Mississippi | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Missouri | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 |
| Montana | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
| Nebraska | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 |
| Nevada | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| New Hampshire | 5 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 |
| New Jersey | 5 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| New Mexico | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
| New York | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| North Carolina | 5 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| North Dakota | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Ohio | 3 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Oklahoma | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 1 | - | 4 | 4 | - |
Page
163
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oregon | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Pennsylvania | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Rhode Island | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| South Carolina | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| South Dakota | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Tennessee | 1 | - | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
| Texas | 1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | 4 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 |
| Virginia | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 |
| Washington | 2 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 |
| West Virginia | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 |
| Wisconsin | 5 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Wyoming | 2 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Average | 2.9 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.2 |
| Standard Deviation | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.3 |
| Number of Responses | 48 | 47 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 47 | 48 | 48 | 47 |
Page
164
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-3. Individual DOT responses to Question 1 (implementation stage of each FHWA PSC) – Roadway Departure, Intersection, and Crosscutting PSCs.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Not Implemented, 2 = Development Stage, 3 = Demonstration Stage, 4 = Assessment Stage, 5 = Institutionalized) | |||||||||||||||||
| Alabama | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Alaska | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Arizona | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 |
| Arkansas | 2 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 |
| California | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Colorado | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 |
| Connecticut | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Delaware | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 |
| District of Columbia | 5 | 2 | 5 | - | - | - | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | - | 5 |
| Florida | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 |
| Idaho | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 |
| Illinois | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Page
165
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Not Implemented, 2 = Development Stage, 3 = Demonstration Stage, 4 = Assessment Stage, 5 = Institutionalized) | |||||||||||||||||
| Indiana | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | 3 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 |
| Kentucky | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| Louisiana | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 5 |
| Maine | 4 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| Maryland | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Massachusetts | 4 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| Michigan | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Minnesota | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 |
| Mississippi | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Missouri | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| Montana | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 3 | - | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Nebraska | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 |
| Nevada | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| New Hampshire | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
| New Jersey | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 5 |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Not Implemented, 2 = Development Stage, 3 = Demonstration Stage, 4 = Assessment Stage, 5 = Institutionalized) | |||||||||||||||||
| New Mexico | 2 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 |
| New York | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| North Carolina | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 |
| North Dakota | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 |
| Ohio | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Oklahoma | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | - | 3 | 3 |
| Oregon | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 |
| Pennsylvania | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 3 |
| Rhode Island | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| South Carolina | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 5 |
| South Dakota | 5 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
| Tennessee | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 |
| Texas | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 5 |
| Virginia | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 5 |
| Washington | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 3 |
Page
167
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Not Implemented, 2 = Development Stage, 3 = Demonstration Stage, 4 = Assessment Stage, 5 = Institutionalized) | |||||||||||||||||
| West Virginia | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Wisconsin | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 2 |
| Wyoming | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 1 |
| Average | 4.6 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 4.3 |
| Standard Deviation | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 |
| Number of Responses | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-4. Individual DOT responses to Question 2 (frequency of use of Institutionalized FHWA PSCs) - Speed Management and Pedestrian / Bicyclist PSCs.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Other, 2 = Rarely, 3 = Sometimes, 4 = Often, 5 = Standard Practice (May Be Based on Predefined Criteria)]. | |||||||||||
| Alabama | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | 3 | - | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Alaska | 5 | - | - | - | 4 | - | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 |
| Arizona | 3 | - | - | - | 4 | - | - | 4 | 3 | - | 2 |
| Arkansas | - | 1 | - | 3 | 3 | - | 3 | 3 | 3 | - | 5 |
| California | 5 | - | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Colorado | - | - | - | 4 | - | - | - | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Connecticut | - | 1 | - | 1 | 5 | 5 | - | 3 | 4 | - | 4 |
| Delaware | - | - | 2 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 5 |
| District of Columbia | 4 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 |
| Florida | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | 4 | - | - | 4 | 4 | - | 4 | - | - | 4 | 3 |
| Idaho | - | - | - | 3 | - | - | - | 3 | 3 | 3 | - |
| Illinois | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | - | 2 | 4 | 4 |
| Indiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 | 4 | 3 | - |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Other, 2 = Rarely, 3 = Sometimes, 4 = Often, 5 = Standard Practice (May Be Based on Predefined Criteria)]. | |||||||||||
| Kentucky | - | - | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | - |
| Louisiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 |
| Maine | - | - | - | - | 4 | - | - | - | 5 | 3 | 4 |
| Maryland | 5 | 5 | - | 3 | 5 | - | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Massachusetts | - | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | 3 | 4 | - | 5 |
| Michigan | - | - | - | 3 | 3 | - | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Minnesota | 4 | - | - | - | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | 3 |
| Mississippi | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Missouri | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Montana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nebraska | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | - |
| Nevada | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Hampshire | 5 | - | - | - | 3 | 5 | - | 2 | 3 | - | - |
| New Jersey | 5 | - | - | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 |
| New Mexico | - | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New York | 5 | 3 | - | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| North Carolina | 5 | - | - | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| North Dakota | 5 | - | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | 5 | 4 | 4 |
| Ohio | - | - | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 |
| Oklahoma | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
170
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Other, 2 = Rarely, 3 = Sometimes, 4 = Often, 5 = Standard Practice (May Be Based on Predefined Criteria)]. | |||||||||||
| Oregon | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Pennsylvania | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Rhode Island | - | - | - | - | - | 3 | 3 | - | - | 4 | 3 |
| South Carolina | - | - | - | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| South Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4 |
| Tennessee | - | - | - | 4 | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | - |
| Texas | - | - | - | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | - | 5 |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | - | - | - | 3 | 4 | 5 | - | - | 4 | - | 4 |
| Virginia | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - |
| Washington | - | - | - | 5 | 5 | 4 | - | - | 3 | - | 5 |
| West Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Wisconsin | 5 | - | - | 4 | 4 | - | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Wyoming | - | - | 4 | 3 | 3 | - | 3 | - | - | - | - |
| Average | 4.6 | 2.3 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 4.2 |
| Standard Deviation | 0.7 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 |
| Number of Responses | 16 | 8 | 6 | 27 | 32 | 19 | 25 | 26 | 33 | 27 | 31 |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-5. Individual DOT responses to Question 2 (frequency of use of Institutionalized FHWA PSCs) - Roadway Departure, Intersection, and Crosscutting PSCs.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Other, 2 = Rarely, 3 = Sometimes, 4 = Often, 5 = Standard Practice (May Be Based on Predefined Criteria)]. | |||||||||||||||||
| Alabama | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | - | - | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 |
| Alaska | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | - | 4 | 4 | 5 | - | 5 | - | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Arizona | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | - | 3 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 |
| Arkansas | - | 5 | 5 | - | - | 5 | 5 | 3 | - | - | 4 | 5 | - | 2 | 1 | - | - |
| California | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Colorado | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | - | - | - |
| Connecticut | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | - | - | 5 | - | 4 | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 1 | 5 | 5 |
| Delaware | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | - | 5 | - | 5 | - | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | - | 3 | 3 |
| District of Columbia | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | - | 5 |
| Florida | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | - |
| Idaho | 4 | 3 | 4 | - | 3 | - | 4 | - | 4 | - | 4 | - | 4 | 4 | - | 4 | 4 |
| Illinois | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | - | 3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 |
| Indiana | 4 | 4 | 4 | - | 5 | - | 5 | - | 4 | - | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | - | 5 | 5 |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | - | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4 | 4 | - | - |
Page
172
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Other, 2 = Rarely, 3 = Sometimes, 4 = Often, 5 = Standard Practice (May Be Based on Predefined Criteria)]. | |||||||||||||||||
| Kentucky | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 3 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 3 |
| Louisiana | 4 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 5 | - | 5 | - | 5 | 3 | 3 | - | - | - | 3 | - | 3 |
| Maine | - | 5 | 4 | - | - | - | 5 | 4 | 4 | - | 4 | - | - | - | - | - | 3 |
| Maryland | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 4 |
| Massachusetts | - | 5 | 5 | - | - | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | - | 5 | - | 5 | - | - | 5 | 5 |
| Michigan | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | - | 4 | 3 | 5 |
| Minnesota | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | - | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | - | 4 | 4 | 4 | - | 4 |
| Mississippi | - | - | - | - | 5 | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Missouri | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 3 | 5 | 4 | - | 5 | 5 | - | - | - | 4 |
| Montana | 3 | 5 | 3 | 4 | - | - | 5 | - | 4 | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nebraska | 5 | 5 | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | 4 | - | 5 | - | - | - | 5 |
| Nevada | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Hampshire | 5 | 3 | 4 | 2 | - | 3 | 5 | - | 5 | - | 4 | - | 5 | - | - | - | 4 |
| New Jersey | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | - | - | - | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | - | 5 |
| New Mexico | - | 4 | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | 4 | - | 3 | - | - | - | - | 1 | 4 |
| New York | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | - | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 |
| North Carolina | 4 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | - | 3 | 4 | - | 3 | 3 |
| North Dakota | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | - | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 4 |
| Ohio | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 3 |
Page
173
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Other, 2 = Rarely, 3 = Sometimes, 4 = Often, 5 = Standard Practice (May Be Based on Predefined Criteria)]. | |||||||||||||||||
| Oklahoma | - | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Oregon | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 3 |
| Pennsylvania | 4 | 4 | 5 | - | 5 | - | 5 | - | - | - | 5 | 4 | 5 | - | - | 4 | - |
| Rhode Island | - | - | 4 | - | - | 5 | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | 4 |
| South Carolina | 4 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | - | 2 | - | 2 | 3 |
| South Dakota | 4 | 5 | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | 4 | - | - | - | - | 4 | - | - | 3 |
| Tennessee | 4 | - | 5 | - | 4 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | 4 | - | 5 |
| Texas | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 4 | - | - | - |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | 3 | 5 | - | 2 | 5 | - | 5 | - | 5 | - | 3 | - | 5 | - | - | - | 2 |
| Virginia | 5 | 5 | - | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | 5 |
| Washington | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | - | - | 5 | - | 5 | - | 4 | - | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | - |
| West Virginia | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | - | - | 4 | - | - | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| Wisconsin | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 5 | - | 4 | - |
| Wyoming | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | - | - | 5 | - | - | 3 | - | - | 3 | - | 4 | - |
| Average | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 4.0 |
| Standard Deviation | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.9 |
| Number of Responses | 38 | 43 | 40 | 29 | 32 | 27 | 38 | 23 | 37 | 21 | 39 | 25 | 33 | 31 | 21 | 23 | 34 |
Page
174
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-6. Text responses for “Other” for Question 2 (frequency of use of Institutionalized FHWA PSCs).
| FHWA PSC | Text Responses for “Other” |
|---|---|
| SSCs | First time being piloted in a work zone |
| SSCs | Passed legislation in 2023 regarding the use |
| SSCs | Section 316.0776, Florida Statutes (F.S.), authorizes a county or municipality to install speed detection system in school zones, effective from July 1, 2023. Florida DOT has developed the placement and installation specifications for their installation on the State Highway System. However, no such system has been installed as of now. |
| SSCs | Depends on the area as cameras are a tricky thing to implement in the state |
| SSCs | Oregon DOT has statutes allowing cities to operate automated enforcement/photo enforcement and ODOT supports its use on state highways where supported by statute and where there’s a history of speed-related fatal/severe injury crashes. https://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/Engineering/TRSDocs/Speed_Fixed-Photo-Radar-Camera-Guidelines.pdf |
| Bicycle Lanes | Incorporated in projects as where possible |
| Corridor Access Management | Oregon DOT manages access to the state highway system and closing/consolidating access points is balanced with economic development. https://www.oregon.gov/odot/engineering/pages/access-management.aspx |
| Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Except for double-up, oversized signs, Florida DOT has consistently deployed the other low-cost countermeasures at stop-controlled intersections. |
| LRSPs | Approx. 4 LRSPs by local agencies using SS4 funds are either completed or they are in the process of completion. |
| LRSPs | Were completed in 2021 |
| Pavement Friction Management | I don’t know exactly how often, but pavement type is assessed on all reconstruction projects. |
Page
175
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-7. Individual DOT responses to Question 3 [most frequently considered FHWA PSCs that are Institutionalized (but not Standard Practice)] - Speed Management and Pedestrian / Bicyclist PSCs.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Alaska | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arizona | x | - | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | - | - |
| Arkansas | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| California | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Colorado | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Connecticut | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Delaware | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | - | - | - |
| District of Columbia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Florida | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Idaho | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
176
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Illinois | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Indiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kentucky | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Louisiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maine | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Maryland | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - |
| Massachusetts | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Michigan | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Minnesota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mississippi | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Missouri | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Montana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nebraska | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
177
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nevada | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Hampshire | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Jersey | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Mexico | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New York | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Carolina | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Ohio | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Oklahoma | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Oregon | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Pennsylvania | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Rhode Island | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| South Carolina | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - |
| South Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Tennessee | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
178
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Texas | - | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | - | - | - |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - |
| Washington | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - |
| West Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Wisconsin | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Wyoming | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Count | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 12 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 7 |
Page
179
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-8. Individual DOT responses to Question 3 [most frequently considered FHWA PSCs that are Institutionalized (but not Standard Practice)] - Roadway Departure, Intersection, and Crosscutting PSCs.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Wider Edge Lines Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Corridor Access Management Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Alaska | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - |
| Arizona | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arkansas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| California | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Colorado | - | x | x | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Connecticut | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Delaware | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | - | - |
| District of Columbia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Florida | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
180
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Wider Edge Lines Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Corridor Access Management Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Idaho | - | x | x | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Illinois | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x | x | x | - | - | - | - | - |
| Indiana | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | - |
| Kentucky | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Louisiana | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maine | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maryland | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - |
| Massachusetts | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Michigan | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Minnesota | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | x | - | - | x | - | - | - |
| Mississippi | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Missouri | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
Page
181
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Wider Edge Lines Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Corridor Access Management Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Montana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nebraska | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nevada | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Hampshire | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| New Jersey | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Mexico | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| New York | - | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Carolina | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Ohio | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Oklahoma | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Oregon | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Pennsylvania | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | x | - |
| Rhode Island | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
Page
182
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Wider Edge Lines Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Corridor Access Management Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Carolina | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| South Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - |
| Tennessee | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Texas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | x | - | - | - |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Washington | - | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| West Virginia | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Wisconsin | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Wyoming | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | - |
| Count | 0 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 14 | 6 | 0 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 6 |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-9. Individual DOT responses to Question 4 [factors that hinder efforts to implement FHWA PSCs (Not Implemented, Development Stage, or Demonstration Stage)] - Speed Management and Pedestrian / Bicyclist PSCs.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Staffing or Funding Constraints, 2 = Implementation Concerns (e.g., Previous Experience, Lack of Equipment / Maintenance Public Concerns, Need to Develop Strategies), 3 = Lack of Available Guidance, 4 = Lack of Information on Safety Benefits, 5 = Regulatory Barriers, 6 = Other, 7 = None]. | |||||||||||
| Alabama | 2,3,4,5 | 5 | 1,2,4 | 1 | - | 7 | - | 6 | - | - | - |
| Alaska | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arizona | - | 5 | 2 | 5 | - | 2 | 2 | - | - | - | - |
| Arkansas | 3 | - | 4 | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | 5 | - |
| California | - | 5 | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Colorado | 2 | 2 | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Connecticut | 5 | - | 6 | - | - | - | 7 | - | - | - | - |
| Delaware | 3 | 7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| District of Columbia | - | - | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Florida | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | - | 5 | 2,5 | - | - | 2 | - | 2 | - | - | - |
| Idaho | 5 | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
184
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Staffing or Funding Constraints, 2 = Implementation Concerns (e.g., Previous Experience, Lack of Equipment / Maintenance Public Concerns, Need to Develop Strategies), 3 = Lack of Available Guidance, 4 = Lack of Information on Safety Benefits, 5 = Regulatory Barriers, 6 = Other, 7 = None]. | |||||||||||
| Illinois | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | - | - | - |
| Indiana | 3,5 | 2,5 | 2 | - | - | 1,2 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | 4 | 5 | 5 | 2,4 | 2,4 | 2,4 | 2,3,4 | 2 | 7 | 2,4 | 5,6 |
| Kentucky | 3 | 5 | 5 | - | - | - | - | 7 | - | - | 7 |
| Louisiana | 1,2,3,4,5 | 1,2,3,4,5 | 1,2,3,4,5 | 1,2 | 1,2,3,4 | 7 | 1,2 | 1,2,3,4,5 | 2 | - | - |
| Maine | 7 | 5 | 7 | - | - | 7 | - | 2,6 | - | - | - |
| Maryland | - | - | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Massachusetts | 1,6 | 5 | 5 | - | 1,6 | - | 6 | - | - | 2 | - |
| Michigan | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Minnesota | - | 1,2,5 | 1,2,4,5 | 2,3,6 | - | 2,3 | 2 | 1,2,6 | 1,2 | - | - |
| Mississippi | 2 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | - |
| Missouri | 2,3 | 2,5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 1,2 | 1 | - | - |
| Montana | 5 | 5 | 1,5 | 7 | 7 | 7 | - | 7 | - | 2,7 | 7 |
| Nebraska | 2 | 2,5 | 2,5 | 1,2 | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | 1,2,5 |
| Nevada | 1,2 | 5 | - | - | 1,2 | 1,2 | 2 | 1,2 | 2 | 2 | - |
| New Hampshire | - | 2,5 | - | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | 2 |
Page
185
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Staffing or Funding Constraints, 2 = Implementation Concerns (e.g., Previous Experience, Lack of Equipment / Maintenance Public Concerns, Need to Develop Strategies), 3 = Lack of Available Guidance, 4 = Lack of Information on Safety Benefits, 5 = Regulatory Barriers, 6 = Other, 7 = None]. | |||||||||||
| New Jersey | - | 5 | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Mexico | 2 | 2 | 2 | - | 7 | 2 | 7 | 7 | - | 7 | 6 |
| New York | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Carolina | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Dakota | - | 5 | 2,5 | 7 | - | 7 | - | 2 | - | - | - |
| Ohio | 2,5 | 2,5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Oklahoma | 2 | 5 | 2 | 2,6 | - | - | 2,6 | - | - | - | - |
| Oregon | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Pennsylvania | 2 | 5,6 | 2 | 2 | 7 | - | - | 5 | - | - | - |
| Rhode Island | 1,3 | 1,2,3 | 1,2 | 1,2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| South Carolina | 1,2 | 1,2,5 | 1,2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| South Dakota | 3,4 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 | - | 6 | 2,3 | - | - |
| Tennessee | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Texas | 4 | 5 | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | - |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | - | 2,5 | 2,4,5 | - | - | - | - | 2,6 | - | - | - |
| Virginia | 2,5 | 2,5 | - | - | - | 2,3 | - | - | - | - | 1,2,4 |
Page
186
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Staffing or Funding Constraints, 2 = Implementation Concerns (e.g., Previous Experience, Lack of Equipment / Maintenance Public Concerns, Need to Develop Strategies), 3 = Lack of Available Guidance, 4 = Lack of Information on Safety Benefits, 5 = Regulatory Barriers, 6 = Other, 7 = None]. | |||||||||||
| Washington | 2 | 1,5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | - |
| West Virginia | 1 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 1 | - | 2 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Wisconsin | - | 5 | 2,3,4,5 | - | - | 3 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Wyoming | 7 | 7 | - | - | - | 7 | - | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
Page
187
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-10. Individual DOT responses to Question 4 [factors that hinder efforts to implement FHWA PSCs (Not Implemented, Development Stage, or Demonstration Stage)] - Roadway Departure and Intersection PSCs.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Staffing or Funding Constraints, 2 = Implementation Concerns (e.g., Previous Experience, Lack of Equipment / Maintenance Public Concerns, Need to Develop Strategies), 3 = Lack of Available Guidance, 4 = Lack of Information on Safety Benefits, 5 = Regulatory Barriers, 6 = Other, 7 = None]. | |||||||||||||
| Alabama | - | - | - | - | 6 | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Alaska | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arizona | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | 2 | - | - | - |
| Arkansas | 7 | - | - | 7 | 7 | - | - | - | 7 | 6 | - | - | 6 |
| California | - | - | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Colorado | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Connecticut | - | - | - | - | 6 | - | - | 6 | - | 6 | - | - | - |
| Delaware | - | - | - | - | - | 7 | - | 5 | - | 6 | - | - | - |
| District of Columbia | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Florida | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Idaho | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
188
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Staffing or Funding Constraints, 2 = Implementation Concerns (e.g., Previous Experience, Lack of Equipment / Maintenance Public Concerns, Need to Develop Strategies), 3 = Lack of Available Guidance, 4 = Lack of Information on Safety Benefits, 5 = Regulatory Barriers, 6 = Other, 7 = None]. | |||||||||||||
| Illinois | - | - | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Indiana | - | - | - | - | - | 7 | - | 1,2 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | 2 | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | 5 | 1,2 | 1,2 | - | 2,4 | 4,6 |
| Kentucky | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Louisiana | - | - | - | - | - | 1,2 | - | 1,2,3,4,5 | - | - | - | 2 | - |
| Maine | - | - | - | 7 | 2 | 7 | - | - | - | 2 | - | - | 7 |
| Maryland | - | - | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3 | - |
| Massachusetts | - | - | - | 6 | 2 | - | - | 2,6 | - | 2 | - | - | - |
| Michigan | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Minnesota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mississippi | 7 | - | 7 | 7 | - | - | 7 | 7 | 7 | - | - | - | 7 |
| Missouri | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Montana | - | - | - | - | 7 | 7 | - | - | - | 2 | - | 7 | - |
| Nebraska | - | - | - | 1 | - | 1,2 | 2,4 | - | - | - | - | 1 | - |
Page
189
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Staffing or Funding Constraints, 2 = Implementation Concerns (e.g., Previous Experience, Lack of Equipment / Maintenance Public Concerns, Need to Develop Strategies), 3 = Lack of Available Guidance, 4 = Lack of Information on Safety Benefits, 5 = Regulatory Barriers, 6 = Other, 7 = None]. | |||||||||||||
| Nevada | 1,2 | - | - | 1,2 | - | 2 | - | 2 | 2 | 1,2,3 | - | 1,2 | 2 |
| New Hampshire | - | - | - | - | 6 | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | 1,6 | - |
| New Jersey | - | - | - | - | 6 | 6 | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Mexico | 2 | - | - | 2 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 | - | 6 | - | 2 | 2 |
| New York | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Carolina | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6 | - |
| North Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Ohio | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Oklahoma | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2,6 |
| Oregon | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Pennsylvania | - | - | - | 1 | - | 1,4 | - | - | - | 7 | - | - | - |
| Rhode Island | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | - | 1,2 | - | 1,2 | - | - | - |
| South Carolina | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1,2 |
| South Dakota | - | - | 6 | 1 | 2 | 1 | - | 2 | - | 2,3 | 2 | - | - |
| Tennessee | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6 |
Page
190
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Staffing or Funding Constraints, 2 = Implementation Concerns (e.g., Previous Experience, Lack of Equipment / Maintenance Public Concerns, Need to Develop Strategies), 3 = Lack of Available Guidance, 4 = Lack of Information on Safety Benefits, 5 = Regulatory Barriers, 6 = Other, 7 = None]. | |||||||||||||
| Texas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | - | - | - | - | - | 1,2,3,6 | - | - | - | 1,2,6 | - | - | - |
| Virginia | - | - | 1,2,3,4 | 1,2,3 | - | - | - | 1,3,5 | 1,3 | 1,2,3 | - | - | 7 |
| Washington | - | - | - | - | 2 | 1 | - | 1,2 | - | 1,2 | - | - | - |
| West Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6 | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 |
| Wisconsin | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Wyoming | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 7 | - | 7 | 7 | - | 7 | 7 |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-11. Individual DOT responses to Question 4 [factors that hinder efforts to implement FHWA PSCs (Not Implemented, Development Stage, or Demonstration Stage)] - Crosscutting PSCs.
| Respondent | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Staffing or Funding Constraints, 2 = Implementation Concerns (e.g., Previous Experience, Lack of Equipment / Maintenance, Public Concerns, Need to Develop Strategies), 3 = Lack of Available Guidance, 4 = Lack of Information on Safety Benefits, 5 = Regulatory Barriers, 6 = Other, 7 = None]. | ||||
| Alabama | - | - | - | - |
| Alaska | - | - | - | - |
| Arizona | - | - | 2 | - |
| Arkansas | - | - | - | 5 |
| California | - | - | - | - |
| Colorado | - | - | 2 | 1 |
| Connecticut | 6 | - | - | - |
| Delaware | - | 7 | - | - |
| District of Columbia | - | - | - | - |
| Florida | - | - | - | - |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | - | - | - | 1 |
| Idaho | - | - | - | - |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Staffing or Funding Constraints, 2 = Implementation Concerns (e.g., Previous Experience, Lack of Equipment / Maintenance, Public Concerns, Need to Develop Strategies), 3 = Lack of Available Guidance, 4 = Lack of Information on Safety Benefits, 5 = Regulatory Barriers, 6 = Other, 7 = None]. | ||||
| Illinois | - | - | - | - |
| Indiana | - | 1,2 | - | - |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | - | - | 1,2 | 1,6,7 |
| Kentucky | - | - | - | - |
| Louisiana | 1,2,3,4,5 | - | - | - |
| Maine | 1 | 7 | 2 | - |
| Maryland | - | - | - | - |
| Massachusetts | 1,6 | - | - | - |
| Michigan | 5 | - | - | - |
| Minnesota | - | - | - | - |
| Mississippi | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Missouri | 1 | 6 | 1,2,3,4 | - |
| Montana | 7 | 1 | 2 | - |
| Nebraska | - | 1,2 | 1,2 | - |
Page
193
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Staffing or Funding Constraints, 2 = Implementation Concerns (e.g., Previous Experience, Lack of Equipment / Maintenance, Public Concerns, Need to Develop Strategies), 3 = Lack of Available Guidance, 4 = Lack of Information on Safety Benefits, 5 = Regulatory Barriers, 6 = Other, 7 = None]. | ||||
| Nevada | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1,3 |
| New Hampshire | 1 | 7 | 3,4 | - |
| New Jersey | - | 6 | - | - |
| New Mexico | 7 | 7 | - | - |
| New York | - | - | - | - |
| North Carolina | - | 6 | - | - |
| North Dakota | - | - | 7 | - |
| Ohio | - | - | - | - |
| Oklahoma | - | - | 1 | 1,2 |
| Oregon | - | - | - | - |
| Pennsylvania | 5 | - | - | 2 |
| Rhode Island | 1 | 1 | - | - |
| South Carolina | - | 1,2 | - | - |
| South Dakota | - | 2 | 1,2 | - |
| Tennessee | - | - | 7 | - |
Page
194
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [1 = Staffing or Funding Constraints, 2 = Implementation Concerns (e.g., Previous Experience, Lack of Equipment / Maintenance, Public Concerns, Need to Develop Strategies), 3 = Lack of Available Guidance, 4 = Lack of Information on Safety Benefits, 5 = Regulatory Barriers, 6 = Other, 7 = None]. | ||||
| Texas | - | 1 | 6 | 1 |
| Utah | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | 1,3,6 | - | 1,2,3,4 | - |
| Virginia | 1,5 | 6 | - | - |
| Washington | - | - | 1 | 6 |
| West Virginia | - | - | - | - |
| Wisconsin | - | 1,2,3 | - | 1,2,3 |
| Wyoming | - | 7 | - | 7 |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-12. Text responses for “Other” for Question 4 [factors that hinder efforts to implement FHWA PSCs (Not Implemented, Development Stage, or Demonstration Stage)].
| FHWA PSC | Text Responses for “Other” |
|---|---|
| Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | We want to provide appropriate speed limits but are not willing to just lower the speed limit. We need to lower the speeds and, in some cases, the measures to lower the speeds take some design and work. We can only first prioritize and work to lower speeding and managing speeds, and then we can lower speed limits to make this effective. |
| Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | Locals |
| SSCs | Statutory laws concerning where we can use speed cameras. PA laws only allow the cameras in certain locations. |
| SSCs | Legislative changes needed |
| VSLs | Regulations |
| VSLs | New Jersey Turnpike and Garden State Parkway implement VSLs. |
| VSLs | Developing implementation plan, received authority to implement most recent legislative session. |
| VSLs | Legislative changes needed |
| Bicycle Lanes | Understand induced demand and need. Balancing limited ROW against other project needs. Maintenance needs are likely the biggest. |
| Bicycle Lanes | Bicycle lanes are allowed on state highways but are maintained by the requesting municipality through a maintenance agreement with the state. Most municipalities are reluctant to provide maintenance on a state highway. |
| Bicycle Lanes | Coordination with cities for urban areas, right-of-way in rural, local public interest, and buy-in |
| Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | We can only do this in areas where we have projects but cannot just convert all crosswalks. We need to verify ROW so that all signs and even pavement markings are within public way. So for simple resurfacing projects, this is not considered. But many other project types will incorporate enhanced crossing into the project. We are also bundling crosswalk locations to develop enhanced crossing projects. |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| FHWA PSC | Text Responses for “Other” |
|---|---|
| Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | Typically, ROW is limited, and for many projects that are restricted to within existing ROW, this cannot be done. On more intensive projects, these medians/refuge area are considered and incorporated into design. |
| Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | Local government buy-in and access plans |
| PHBs | Lack of pedestrian and bicyclist data to determine the need for PHBs. |
| PHBs | Defining where they are needed and will be useful/utilized. High cost, and maintenance needs balanced against larger program needs. |
| PHBs | Lack of high pedestrian areas - have historically gone with other treatments. |
| PHBs | Maintenance concerns, cost, lack of public acceptance of feature/confusion over operation |
| PHBs | Choosing not to use |
| Walkways | State law requires the sidewalks to be maintained by property owners, which can create a resistance to adding sidewalks. The State does not own or maintain any of the local infrastructure pertaining to sidewalks within the city limits. |
| Walkways | We do install sidewalks and multi-use trails on projects in urban areas. |
| Walkways | Terrain limitations |
| Median Barriers | We had previously not installed them as we did not want to create another obstacle or cause snow drifting. We have switched thinking in that we would prefer vehicles hit median barriers than drive all the way through the median. |
| SafetyEdge | Maintenance concerns |
| SafetyEdge | Our paving program is primarily preservation and maintenance so that there are rarely projects where asphalt lifts are applied that would allow installation of a SafetyEdge. |
| SafetyEdge | NJ is implementing SafetyEdge on local roads. |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| FHWA PSC | Text Responses for “Other” |
|---|---|
| Wider Edge Lines | NJ has just started to implement wider edge lines. |
| Wider Edge Lines | Inventory and tracking for maintaining the markings is a significant barrier; limited guidance on where to implement for maximum effectiveness |
| Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | NJ is reviewing the loading standards for traffic mast arms to develop a standard detail and specification for installation of backplates, especially for aluminum poles, and older steel installations. NJ implements backplates as a standard on all new installations, where feasible (with ROW concerns for steel foundations). |
| Corridor Access Management | Terrain limitations |
| Corridor Access Management | Politics and business owners. Calls are placed to leadership and that reduces a lot of the efforts to manage access. It is done where we can. |
| Corridor Access Management | Typically managed at the local level |
| Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Large farm vehicles to navigate this type of intersection |
| Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Considered during highway design projects |
| Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Lack of public support |
| Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | To my knowledge, we haven’t done many of these. |
| Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Very few intersections in our state have the volumes to warrant these, those that do rarely have the space to construct them. |
| Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | We have been reluctant to flank STOP signs unless there is a median island separating directions of travel. That is changing as we are moving toward a more systemic program for converting 2-way stop control to all-way stop control (a countermeasure that is not included in the FHWA list of PSCs, but should be). |
| Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | HSIP program to implement AWSC at existing rural, low volume two-way stop control intersections. Some of the locations that might fit this countermeasure are first being targeted for AWSC implementations. |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| FHWA PSC | Text Responses for “Other” |
|---|---|
| Yellow Change Intervals | Traffic lights fall under local jurisdiction. |
| Yellow Change Intervals | Keep with the MUTCD guidance and allow cities to implement a longer yellow if they feel it will reduce crashes. Most signals have the all red of at least 1.0 seconds with many going to a 2.0 second all red. There is an opinion that the longer yellow encourages speeding through the signal. |
| Yellow Change Intervals | Local Governments currently are the main operators and owners of signals. |
| Yellow Change Intervals | Locals |
| Lighting | Focusing on this PSC now |
| Lighting | Dark Sky and other advocacy groups. |
| Lighting | Cost; good lighting design is difficult and fitting it in with and around existing infrastructure can be a challenge. |
| LRSPs | We don’t typically fund these or are the instigator if they are done. That is up to the local entity, so it is not something that we regularly push. |
| LRSPs | NJDOT is working with its local metropolitan planning agency partners in supporting the development of LRSPs. NJDOT is funding the development through HSIP for South Jersey Transportation Planning Organization (SJTPO), while North Jersey Transportation Planning Authority (NJTPA) and Delaware Valley River Planning Commission (DVRPC) are developing their Local Safety Plans through SS4A grants. Many local municipalities are also developing their Road Safety Action plans through the SS4A grants. |
| LRSPs | NCDOT maintains almost all rural roadways. We do not have county-owned roads. |
| LRSPs | Majority of roads in the state are maintained by the state DOT. Local roads contribute about 20% injuries and fatal crashes on the highway system. |
| Pavement Friction Management | TxDOT collects statewide skid resistance values using a locked-wheel skid trailer. HFST was evaluated and eligible under TxDOT’s HSIP but has since been removed based on material availability, longevity, and lower cost alternatives. |
| RSA | KDOT used to do full countywide RSA; however, with the lack of staff we have stopped doing these. However, the Bureau of Local Projects does implement the Local RSAs and these audits are used to help with project funding selections. |
| RSA | Potential legal liability concerns regarding identifying a need but possibly not implementing it for various reasons. |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-13. Individual DOT responses to Question 5 [development of policies, standards, guidelines, or training materials for implementation of FHWA PSCs (Assessment Stage or Institutionalized)] - Speed Management and Pedestrian / Bicyclist PSCs.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Alaska | x | - | - | - | x | - | - | x | x | - | - |
| Arizona | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - |
| Arkansas | - | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| California | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | x | - | - |
| Colorado | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Connecticut | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Delaware | - | - | - | x | x | x | x | - | x | x | x |
| District of | |||||||||||
| Columbia | - | x | - | x | x | x | - | x | x | - | x |
| Florida | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hawaii | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Idaho | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Illinois | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Indiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kentucky | - | - | - | x | x | x | x | - | - | x | - |
| Louisiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maine | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x | x |
| Maryland | x | x | - | x | x | x | - | x | x | x | - |
| Massachusetts | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Michigan | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | x | x | x | - |
| Minnesota | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mississippi | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missouri | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | x | x |
| Montana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nebraska | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | x | x | x | - |
| Nevada | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Hampshire | x | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Jersey | x | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | - | - | x |
| New Mexico | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New York | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x |
| North Carolina | x | - | - | x | x | x | - | x | x | x | x |
| North Dakota | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | x | - | - |
| Ohio | - | - | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | - | x |
| Oklahoma | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | x | - | - |
| Oregon | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x |
| Pennsylvania | - | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | x | x | x |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rhode Island | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| South Carolina | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| South Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Tennessee | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Texas | - | - | - | x | x | x | x | x | x | - | x |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Virginia | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | x | x | x | - |
| Washington | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | x | - | x |
| West Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Wisconsin | x | - | - | x | x | - | - | x | x | x | x |
| Wyoming | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Count | 11 | 6 | 4 | 19 | 24 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 19 | 15 | 19 |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-14. Individual DOT responses to Question 5 [development of policies, standards, guidelines, or training materials for implementation of FHWA PSCs (Assessment Stage or Institutionalized)] - Roadway Departure, Intersection, and Crosscutting PSCs.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA | None of the Above |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Alaska | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arizona | x | x | x | x | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Arkansas | - | x | x | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| California | - | x | x | - | - | x | x | x | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | - | - | - |
| Colorado | - | - | x | - | x | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - |
| Connecticut | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Delaware | x | x | x | x | x | - | x | - | x | - | x | x | x | x | - | x | x | - |
| District of Columbia | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Florida | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | - |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | - | x | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA | None of the Above |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Idaho | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Illinois | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Indiana | x | - | x | x | x | - | x | - | - | x | x | - | x | - | - | x | x | - |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | - | x | x | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | - | - | - |
| Kentucky | x | x | x | - | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | - | - |
| Louisiana | - | x | x | - | x | - | x | - | x | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Maine | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maryland | x | x | x | x | - | - | - | x | x | - | x | - | - | x | x | x | - | - |
| Massachusetts | - | x | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Michigan | x | x | x | x | x | x | - | x | x | - | x | x | x | - | x | x | x | - |
| Minnesota | - | x | x | - | x | x | - | x | - | - | - | x | x | - | x | - | - | - |
| Mississippi | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Missouri | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Montana | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
205
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA | None of the Above |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nebraska | x | x | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | x | x | - | - | x | - |
| Nevada | - | x | - | - | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Hampshire | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Jersey | x | x | x | x | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | x | - | - |
| New Mexico | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| New York | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | - |
| North Carolina | x | x | x | - | x | x | - | x | x | x | x | - | x | x | - | x | x | - |
| North Dakota | x | x | - | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | - | x | x | - | - | - |
| Ohio | - | x | x | x | x | x | x | - | x | x | x | - | x | x | x | x | x | - |
| Oklahoma | - | x | x | - | x | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - |
| Oregon | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | - | - |
| Pennsylvania | x | x | x | - | x | - | x | x | x | - | x | x | x | - | x | x | - | - |
| Rhode Island | x | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| South Carolina | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| South Dakota | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | x | - |
Page
206
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA | None of the Above |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tennessee | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Texas | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | - | x | - | - | - | - |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - |
| Virginia | x | x | - | - | x | x | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Washington | - | x | x | x | - | - | x | - | x | - | x | - | x | x | x | - | - | - |
| West Virginia | - | - | - | - | x | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Wisconsin | x | x | x | - | x | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | x | x | - | x | - | - |
| Wyoming | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Count | 21 | 33 | 25 | 14 | 26 | 21 | 24 | 15 | 19 | 13 | 22 | 13 | 16 | 19 | 11 | 13 | 18 | 1 |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-15. Resources submitted for Question 5 [development of policies, standards, guidelines, or training materials for implementation of FHWA PSCs (Assessment Stage or Institutionalized)].
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | Establishment of Speed Limits and Zones (Design and Construction-Highways) | https://dot.alaska.gov/admsvc/pnp/local/dot-jnu_123035.pdf |
| Alaska | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users, Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements, PHBs, Regular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs) | 2016 Alaska Traffic Manual (Table 4A-102) | https://dot.alaska.gov/stwddes/dcstraffic/assets/pdf/atm/current/2016atms_inc.pdf |
| Alaska | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users, Dedicated Left- and Right- Turn Lanes at Intersections | Alaska Highway Preconstruction Manual (Chapter 11 Highway Design) | https://dot.alaska.gov/stwddes/dcsprecon/assets/pdf/preconhwy/chapters/chapter11.pdf |
| Alaska | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users, Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Interim Addendum to 2016 ATMS (Section 2C. 06 Horizontal Alignment Warning Signs) | https://dot.alaska.gov/stwddes/dcstraffic/assets/pdf/atm/interim/sec2C06_ia-appvd_posted160826.pdf |
| Alaska | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users, Regular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs) | Interim Addendum to 2016 ATMS (Section 4L. 100 Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons) | https://dot.alaska.gov/stwddes/dcstraffic/assets/pdf/atm/interim/sec4L100_ia-appvd_posted190610.pdf |
| Alaska | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Alaska DOT Memorandum (Policy on Rumble Strip Installation) | https://dot.alaska.gov/stwddes/dcstraffic/assets/pdf/rumb-strip/071309_rumble_strip_pol.pdf |
| Alaska | Roundabouts | Alaska Highway Preconstruction Manual (Chapter 4 Project Development Process) | https://dot.alaska.gov/stwddes/dcsprecon/assets/pdf/preconhwy/chapters/chapter4.pdf |
| Arizona | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | ADOT Traffic Guidelines and Processes August 2021 TSMO 223 - Speed Regulations | https://azdot.gov/sites/default/files/media/2021/08/TGP0223-2021-08.pdf |
| Arizona | LRSPs | Arizona DOT Roadway Engineering Group Roadway Design Guidelines | https://azdot.gov/sites/default/files/media/2021/01/2021-roadway-design-guidelines.pdf |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arizona | PHBs | ADOT Traffic Engineering Guidelines and Processes June 2015 Section 600 - Traffic Signals | https://azdot.gov/sites/default/files/2019/05/tgp0640-2015-06.pdf |
| California | LPI, PHBs, RRFBs, Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads, Median Barriers, Wider Edge Lines, Backplates with Retroreflective Borders, Corridor Access Management, Roundabouts, Lighting | 28 Proven Safety Countermeasures | https://dot.ca.gov/programs/safety-programs/proven-safety-countermeasures/countermeasures |
| Colorado | Corridor Access Management | Colorado DOT Roadway Design Guide (Chapter 11 Access Control and Management) | https://www.codot.gov/business/design-support/bulletins_manuals/cdot-2023-roadway-designguide/chapter_11_access_control_and_management.pdf |
| Colorado | Lighting | Lighting Design Guidelines for Colorado DOT | https://www.codot.gov/business/designsupport/bulletins_manuals/cdot-lighting-design-guideline-2020 |
| Colorado | Median Barriers | Colorado Department of Transportation Cable Barrier Guide | https://www.codot.gov/business/designsupport/bulletins_manuals/cable-barrier-guide/cable-barrier-guide |
| Colorado | RSA | Colorado DOT Traffic Analysis and Forecasting Guidelines | https://www.codot.gov/safety/traffic-safety/assets/traffic_analysis_forecasting_guidelines/traffic_analysis_forecasting_guidelines |
| Colorado | SafetyEdge | Design Sheet: Safety Edge for Pavement | https://www.codot.gov/business/designsupport/2019-and-2012-m-standards/2019-m-standards-plans/2019-project-special-details/d-614-1/d-614-1 |
| Colorado | Wider Edge Lines | Colorado Department of Transportation Pavement Markings Practices Guide 2020 Edition | https://www.codot.gov/safety/traffic-safety/assets/documents/pavement-marking-practices |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Connecticut | Bicycle Lanes, Walkways, Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | Complete Streets Controlling Design Criteria and Justification Process | https://portal.ct.gov//media/DOT/documents/AEC/ECD-2023-8_Complete_Streets_Controlling_Design_Criteria_final_sah.pdf |
| Delaware | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Traffic Systems Design Directive 2017-1 | https://deldot.gov/Publications/manuals/traffic_design/pdfs/2017/2017-1-Backplates.pdf |
| Delaware | Bicycle Lanes | Road Design Manual 2022 Edition (Section 5.1.2) | https://roaddesignmanual.deldot.gov/images/6/6f/DelDOT_RDM_-_Manual_-_2022_Edition.pdf |
| Delaware | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements, Walkways | Road Design Manual 2022 Edition (Section 5.1.1) | https://roaddesignmanual.deldot.gov/images/6/6f/DelDOT_RDM_-_Manual_-_2022_Edition.pdf |
| Delaware | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Road Design Manual (Section 4.5) | https://roaddesignmanual.deldot.gov/images/6/6f/DelDOT_RDM_-_Manual_-_2022_Edition.pdf |
| Delaware | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Interim Guidance; Part 2, Signs (Section 2C.03, Design of Warning Signs) (Memorandum) | https://deldot.gov/Publications/manuals/de_mutcd/pdfs/InterimGuidance_Horiz_Align_Warning_Signs.pdf?cache=1707313370806 |
| Delaware | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | MUTCD section 2C (Warning Signs and Object Markers) | https://regulations.delaware.gov/register/may2018/final/MUTCDPart2Signs.pdf?cache=1707313395355 |
| Delaware | LPI, Yellow Change Intervals | 2015 Traffic Design Manual (Chapter 4) | https://deldot.gov/Publications/manuals/traffic_design/pdfs/2015/2015_chapter_4.pdf?cache=1707313008475 |
| Delaware | Lighting | Delaware Department of Transportation’s Traffic Lighting Policy | https://deldot.gov/Business/drc/pdfs/traffic/LightingPolicy.pdf?cache=1707314027491 |
| Delaware | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Delaware DOT Division of Transportation Solutions Design Guidance Memorandum 1-18 | https://deldot.gov/Publications/manuals/dgm/pdfs/1-18-rumble-strips.pdf?cache=1707313428000 |
| Delaware | Median and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | DelDOT Complete Streets Design Guide, Walkways | https://deldot.gov/Publications/pdfs/DelDOT-Complete-Streets-Design-Guide.pdf?cache=1681491358414 |
| Delaware | Median Barriers | Guidelines for Median Barrier on Divided Highways (Design Guidance Memorandum Number 1-30) | https://deldot.gov/Publications/manuals/dgm/pdfs/1-30_Median%20Barrier.pdf?cache=1707313443943 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Delaware | Pavement Friction Management | High Friction Surface Treatment (Webpage with link to poster) | https://deldot.gov/Programs/DSHSP/index.shtml?dc=project-high-friction-surface-treatment |
| Delaware | RRFBs | Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (Webpage with links to poster and brochure) | https://deldot.gov/Programs/DSHSP/index.shtml?dc=project-rapid-flashing-beacons |
| Delaware | Road Diets (Roadway Configuration) | Road Diet / Roadway Configuration (Webpage with links to other resources) | https://deldot.gov/Programs/DSHSP/reports/Road-diet/ |
| Delaware | RSA | Pedestrian Safety Audits (Webpage with links to resources) | https://deldot.gov/Programs/DSHSP/index.shtml?dc=project-pedestrian-safety-audit |
| Delaware | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | Roadside Design Guide (Section 3.31) | https://roaddesignmanual.deldot.gov/images/6/6f/DelDOT_RDM_-_Manual_-_2022_Edition.pdf |
| Delaware | Roundabouts | Delaware DOT Division of Transportation Solutions Design Guidance Memorandum 1-26 | https://deldot.gov/Publications/manuals/dgm/pdfs/1-26_Roundabouts.pdf?cache=1707313754736 |
| Delaware | SafetyEdge | Standard No, P-6(2020) (Pavement Safety Edge) | https://deldot.gov/Publications/manuals/const_details/pdfs/2020/P6-1.pdf?cache=1707313628508 |
| Delaware | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Crash Trends at New All-Way Stop Control (AWSC) Locations – 2022 Crash Data Update | https://deldot.gov/Programs/DSHSP/pdfs/Emphasis-Areas/intersections/AWSC%20Research%20Memo%20with%20Appendices.pdf?cache=1707313791662 |
| District of Columbia | Bicycle Lanes | Bicycle Facility Design Guide Version 2 - 2020 | https://ddot.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/ddot/DDOT%20Bicycle%20Facility%20Design%20Guide%20-%20Version%202%20%28Final%29.pdf |
| District of Columbia | Bicycle Safety, Pedestrian Safety | Vision Zero DC | https://visionzero.dc.gov/pages/overview#hin |
| District of Columbia | LRSPs | District DOT Design and Engineering Manual | https://ddotwiki.atlassian.net/wiki/download/attachments/2069271070/DEM-202312_DDOT_DEM%20-%20Copy.pdf?version=1&modificationDate=1707758263839&cacheVersion=1&api=v2 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| District of Columbia | RSA | District DOT TSMO Plan Transportation Systems Management & Operations in Washington DC | https://tetcoalition.org/wpcontent/uploads/2020/09/DDOT-TSMO-Plan-DRAFT.pdf |
| District of Columbia | RSA | Public Realm Design Manual A Summary of District of Columbia Regulations and Specifications for the Design of Public Space Elements Version 2.1 - March 2019 | https://ddot.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/ddot/page_content/attachments/DDOT_Public_Space_Design_Realm_Guide_Final_updated_2019.03.15-1_0.pdf |
| District of Columbia | Roadway Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | All Things Go: Signal Optimal and Improving Traffic Flow in the District | - |
| District of Columbia | SSCs | Selection Methodology for Automated Traffic Enforcement Location | https://ate.ddot.dc.gov/pages/methodology |
| District of Columbia | Walkways | Codification District of Columbia Official Code, 2001 Edition | https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/laws/docs/18-227.pdf |
| Florida | Access Management | Florida DOT Access Management | https://www.fdot.gov/planning/systems/systems-management/access-management |
| Florida | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | Speed Zoning for Florida | https://www.fdot.gov/traffic/speed-zone/SpeedZone-Manual.shtm |
| Florida | Bicycle Lanes | Topic #625-000-002 FDOT Design Manual 223 Bicycle Facilities | https://fdotwww.blob.core.windows.net/sitefinity/docs/default-source/roadway/fdm/2024/2024fdm223bikes.pdf?sfvrsn=76b347c6_2 |
| Florida | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements, LPI, Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas, PHBs, RRFBs, Walkways | Topic #625-000-002 Florida DOT Design Manual 222 Pedestrian Facilities | https://fdotwww.blob.core.windows.net/sitefinity/docs/default-source/roadway/fdm/2024/2024fdm222peds.pdf?sfvrsn=4d8dcc5c_2 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Florida | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections, Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections, Roundabouts, Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Topic #625-000-002 Florida DOT Design Manual 212 Intersections | https://fdotwww.blob.core.windows.net/sitefinity/docs/default-source/roadway/fdm/2024/2024fdm212intersections.pdf?sfvrsn=428d0a44_1 |
| Florida | Lighting | Topic #625-000-002 Florida DOT Design Manual 231 Lighting | https://fdotwww.blob.core.windows.net/sitefinity/docs/default-source/roadway/fdm/2024/2024fdm231lighting.pdf?sfvrsn=656269b5_4 |
| Florida | LRSPs | Florida DOT Traffic Engineering Manual | https://www.fdot.gov/traffic/trafficservices/studies/tem/tem.shtm |
| Florida | LRSPs | Topic #625-000-002 Florida DOT Design Manual | https://www.fdot.gov/roadway/fdm/default.shtm |
| Florida | LRSPs | Florida Strategic Highway Safety Plan | https://www.fdot.gov/safety/shsp/shsp.shtm |
| Florida | Pavement Friction Management | Florida DOT High Friction Surface Treatment Guidelines Project Selection, Materials, and Construction | https://www.fdot.gov/docs/default-source/materials/pavement/performance/ndt/documents/hfstguidelines.pdf |
| Florida | Pavement Friction Management | Florida DOT Pavement Performance | https://www.fdot.gov/materials/pavement/performance/ndt/index.shtm |
| Florida | RRFBs | Topic No. 750-000-005 Traffic Engineering Manual Section 3.1 Using Flashing Mode at Signalized Intersections and Deploying Flashing Beacons | https://fdotwww.blob.core.windows.net/sitefinity/docs/defaultsource/traffic/trafficservices/studies/tem/tem-2024/chapter-3-signals.pdf?sfvrsn=49e77d49_2 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Florida | Road Diets (Roadway Configuration) | Topic # 625-000-015 Manual of Uniform Minimum Standards for Design, Construction and Maintenance for Streets and Highways | https://fdotwww.blob.core.windows.net/sitefinity/docs/default-source/roadway/florida-greenbook/2018-florida-greenbook.pdf |
| Florida | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Systems Management: Lane Repurposing | https://www.fdot.gov/planning/systems/systems-management/lane-repurposing |
| Florida | Roundabouts | Topic #625-000-002 Florida DOT Design Manual 213 Modern Roundabouts | https://fdotwww.blob.core.windows.net/sitefinity/docs/default-source/roadway/fdm/2024/2024fdm213modroundabout.pdf?sfvrsn=1b71186a_2 |
| Florida | SSCs | School Zone Speed Detection System | https://www.fdot.gov/traffic/trafficservices/school-zone-speed-detection-system/ |
| Idaho | RSA | ID ITD RSA Manual V3 | - |
| Kansas | SafetyEdge | Design Sheet: Foundation Treatment & Compaction of Earthwork | - |
| Maryland | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | Maryland DOT Posted Speed Limit Reduction | https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/769bd85416ff4e46bf3cb78a67ed4640/page/Posted-Speed-Limit-Reduction/ |
| Maryland | Bicycle Lanes | Maryland DOT Barrier Separated Bike Lanes | https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/769bd85416ff4e46bf3cb78a67ed4640/page/Barrier-Separated-Bike-Lanes/ |
| Maryland | Corridor Access Management, Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Maryland DOT State Highway Administration Access Manual | https://www.roads.maryland.gov/mdotsha/pages/Index.aspx?PageId=393 |
| Maryland | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | Maryland DOT Continental Crosswalks | https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/769bd85416ff4e46bf3cb78a67ed4640/page/Continental-Crosswalks/ |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maryland | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Maryland Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways 2011 Edition Chapter 2C | https://www.roads.maryland.gov/mmutcd/2011_rev122011_MDMUTCD_Complete.pdf |
| Maryland | LPI | Maryland DOT Leading Pedestrian Interval | https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/769bd85416ff4e46bf3cb78a67ed4640/page/Leading-Pedestrian-Intervals/ |
| Maryland | Lighting | Maryland DOT Lighting Design Guidelines | https://www.roads.maryland.gov/OHD2/Lighting_Design_Guidelines.pdf |
| Maryland | LRSPs | Zero Deaths Maryland Local Strategic Highway Safety Plans | https://zerodeathsmd.gov/resources/community-outreach/#LocalSHSP |
| Maryland | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Guidelines for Application of Rumble Strips and Rumble Stripes | https://www.roads.maryland.gov/OOTS/GuidelinesApplRumbleStripsStripes.pdf |
| Maryland | Median Barriers | Maryland DOT Guidelines for Traffic Barrier Placement and End Treatment Design | https://www.roads.maryland.gov/ohd2/2021_MDOT_SHA_Guidelines_for_Traffic_Barrier_Placement_and_End_Treatment_Design.pdf |
| Maryland | Pavement Friction Management | MD-07-SP708B4F Development of Friction Improvement Policies and Guidelines for the Maryland State Highway Administration | https://www.roads.maryland.gov/OPR_Research/MD-09-SP708B4F-Development-of-Friction-Improvement-Policies-and-Guidelines_Report.pdf |
| Maryland | PHBs | Maryland DOT Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon | https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/769bd85416ff4e46bf3cb78a67ed4640/page/Pedestrian-Hybrid-Beacon/ |
| Maryland | RRFBs | Maryland DOT Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon | https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/769bd85416ff4e46bf3cb78a67ed4640/page/Rectangular-Rapid-Flashing-Beacon/ |
| Maryland | Road Diets (Road Reconfiguration) | Maryland Transportation Systems Management & Operations Road Diets | https://www.roads.maryland.gov/OTMO/TSMO-strategy-road-diets.pdf |
| Maryland | Roundabouts | Maryland State Highway Administration Roundabout Design Guidelines | https://www.roads.maryland.gov/OHD2/MDSHA_Roundabout_Guidelines.pdf |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maryland | SSCs | Guidelines for Automated Speed Enforcement Systems in School Zones | https://roads.maryland.gov/OOTS/ASE_Schools_Zone_Guidelines.pdf |
| Massachusetts | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Users, Bicycle Lanes, Walkways | Massachusetts DOT Highway Division Traffic and Safety Engineering 25% Design Submission Guidelines | https://www.mass.gov/doc/25-design-traffic-submission-guidelines/download |
| Massachusetts | Bicycle Lanes | MassDOT Healthy Transportation Policy Directive | https://www.mass.gov/doc/healthy-transportation-policy-directive/download |
| Massachusetts | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | MassDOT Engineering Directive (Milled Longitudinal Rumble Strips) | https://www.mass.gov/doc/milled-longitudinal-rumble-strips/download |
| Massachusetts | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads, Wider Edge Lines | Mass Highway Policy Directive (Measures to Combat Driver Fatigue and Enhance Safety) | https://www.mass.gov/doc/measures-to-combat-driver-fatigue-and-enhance-safety-superseded-bye-14-004/download |
| Massachusetts | RSA | Massachusetts DOT Road Safety Audits | https://www.mass.gov/info-details/road-safety-audits |
| Massachusetts | Roundabouts | MassDOT Conversion of Four-Leg Minor Stop Control Intersections to Roundabouts | https://fhwaapps.fhwa.dot.gov/hsipp/Attachments/d9ad62b9-789a-4287-936f-8b33301e883d_TWSC%20to%20Roundabouts.pdf |
| Massachusetts | Roundabouts | MassDOT Engineering Directive (Guidelines for the Planning and Design of Roundabouts) | https://www.mass.gov/doc/guidelines-for-the-planning-and-design-of-roundabouts/download |
| Massachusetts | Roundabouts, Bicycle Lanes, Lighting | MassDOT Guidelines for the Planning and Design of Roundabouts | https://www.mass.gov/doc/massdot-guidelines-for-the-planning-and-design-of-roundabouts/download |
| Michigan | Bicycle Lanes | MDOT Pedestrian/Bicyclist | https://mdotjboss.state.mi.us/TSSD/getCategoryDocuments.htm?categoryPrjNumbers=1403862&category=Pedestrian/Bicyclist |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Michigan | Crosswalk Visibiity Enhancements, RRFBs, PHBs, Appropriate Speed Limits for All Users, Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas, LRSPs, Roadside Design Improvements at Curves, Yellow Change Intervals | Evaluation of R1-6 Gateway Treatment Alternatives for Pedestrian Crossings: RC-1638 | https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/31921 |
| Michigan | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | MDOT Roadside Delineators | https://mdotjboss.state.mi.us/TSSD/getCategoryDocuments.htm?categoryPrjNumbers=1403849&category=Delineators |
| Michigan | LRSPs | MDOT Traffic Signing | https://mdotjboss.state.mi.us/TSSD/getCategoryDocuments.htm?categoryPrjNumbers=1403886,2028779,1797786,2612963,2668451,1403887,1403889,1403890,2612964,2668453,1403888&category=Traffic%20Signing.%20Sign-145-A |
| Michigan | LRSPs | Michigan Department of Transportation Local Road Safety Plans | https://www.michigan.gov/mdot//media/Project/Websites/MDOT/Travel/Safety/Efforts/LRSP/LRSP-Flyer.pdf?rev=c29c15f02c8e4f3689a765bd74a8337d&hash=24A795956C0F34BCD1FCA6C4C6A01696 |
| Michigan | LRSPs, Corridor Access Management, Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections, Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Reducing Traffic Congestion and Improving Traffic Safety in Michigan Communities: The Access Management Guidebook | https://www.michigan.gov//media/Project/Websites/MDOT/Programs/Highway-Programs/Roadside-Property-Management/Access-Management/Access-Management-Guidebook.pdf?rev=40e91828014343c1af81902799044a3c |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Michigan | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Evaluation of Non-Freeway Rumble Strips- Phase 2: RC-1627 | https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/28882 |
| Michigan | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Impact of Non-Freeway Rumble Strips Phase 1: RC-1575 | https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/24734 |
| Michigan | Median Barriers | MDOT Cable Median Barriers | https://www.michigan.gov/mdot//media/Project/Websites/MDOT/Travel/Safety/Road-User/Cable-Median-Barrier/Cable-Median-Barrier-Brochure.pdf?rev=b25f4e139e8140dcb1bfcbba20f17ca9 |
| Michigan | Median Barriers | Study of High-Tension Cable Barriers on Michigan Roadways: RC-1612 | https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/28338 |
| Michigan | Pavement Friction Management | Michigan Department of Transportation Special Provision for High Friction Surface Treatment | https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://mdotjboss.state.mi.us/SpecProv/getSSSPDocumentById.htm%3FprojNum%3D704577%26fileName%3D20SP-800A-02.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwik0bS6_oqGAxWrkokEHYpODAMQFnoECBwQAQ&usg=AOvVaw21fAasBwyQzlVQ95rBun_c |
| Michigan | Road Diets (Roadway Configuration) | Michigan Department of Transportation Road Diet Checklist | https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/road_diets/guidance/docs/mdot_chklist.pdf |
| Michigan | Road Diets (Roadway Configuration) | Safety and Operational Analysis of 4-Lane to 3-Lane Conversions (Road Diets) in Michigan: RC-1555 | https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/23856 |
| Michigan | RSA | MDOT Procedure: Road Safety Audit Guidance | https://www.michigan.gov/mdot/travel/safety/efforts/road-safety-audits |
| Michigan | Roundabouts | Evaluating the Performance and Safety Effectiveness of Roundabouts: SPR-1725 | https://www.michigan.gov/mdot//media/Project/Websites/MDOT/Programs/Research-Administration/Final-Reports/SPR-1725-Report.pdf |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Michigan | Roundabouts | Improving Driver’s Ability to Safely and Effectively Use Roundabouts: Educating the Public to Negotiate Roundabouts: RC-1542 | https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/23291 |
| Michigan | Roundabouts | Michigan Department of Transporation Roundabouts | https://www.michigan.gov/mdot/travel/safety/road-users/roundabouts |
| Michigan | Wider Edge Lines, SafetyEdge | MDOT Pavement Markings | https://mdotwiki.state.mi.us/design/index.php/Pavement_Markings#Longitudinal_Markings |
| Minnesota | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users (Miscellaneous Traffic) | Traffic Engineering Manual (Chapter 14: Miscellaneous Traffic Items) | https://edocspublic.dot.state.mn.us/edocs_public/DMResultSet/download?docId=17667711 |
| Minnesota | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users (Traffic Safety) | Traffic Engineering Manual (Chapter 11: Traffic Safety) | https://edocspublic.dot.state.mn.us/edocs_public/DMResultSet/download?docId=17667656 |
| Minnesota | Corridor Access Management | MnDOT Access Management Manual (Chapter 4: Development and Permit Review) | https://www.dot.state.mn.us/accessmanagement/docs/pdf/manualchapters/chapter4.pdf |
| Minnesota | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Traffic Engineering Manual (Chapter 7: Pavement Markings) | https://edocs-public.dot.state.mn.us/edocs_public/DMResultSet/download?docId=17667572 |
| Minnesota | LRSPs | MnDOT State Aid for Local Transportation-County Roadway Safety Plans | https://www.dot.state.mn.us/stateaid/county-roadway-safety-plans.html |
| Minnesota | LRSPs | State Aid for Local Transportation | https://dot.state.mn.us/stateaid/ |
| Minnesota | Median Barriers | Minnesota Department of Transportation (Technical Memorandum No. 13-02-TS-01 High-Tension Cable Barrier) | https://www.dot.state.mn.us/products/roadsafety/pdf/HTCBtechnicalmemo.pdf |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Minnesota | Wider Edge Lines, Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads, Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Pavement Markings (Traffic Engineering Manual Chapter 7) | https://edocspublic.dot.state.mn.us/edocs_public/DMResultSet/download?docId=17667572 |
| Minnesota | Yellow Change Intervals | Traffic Engineering Manual (Chapter 9: Highway Traffic Signals) | https://edocspublic.dot.state.mn.us/edocs_public/DMResultSet/download?docId=17667617 |
| Missouri | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide 902.5.17 Number of Signal Faces on Approach | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/902.5_Traffic_Control_Signal_Features_(MUTCD_Chapter_4D)#902.5.17_Number_of_Signal_Faces_on_an_Approach_.28MUTCD_Section_4D.11.29 |
| Missouri | Corridor Access Management | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide: 940 Access Management | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/Category:940_Access_Management |
| Missouri | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide 233.4 At-Grade Intersections with Signal Control | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/233.4_AtGrade_Intersections_with_Signal_Control |
| Missouri | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections, Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersection | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide 940.9 Auxiliary Acceleration and Turning Lanes | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/940.9_Auxiliary_Acceleration_and_Turning_Lanes |
| Missouri | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide 903.6.11 Chevron Alignment Sign (W1-18) | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/903.6_Warning_Signs#903.6.11_Chevron_Alignment_Sign_.28W1-8.29_.28MUTCD_Section_2C.09.29 |
| Missouri | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide Category 626: Rumble Strips | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/Category:626_Rumble_Strips |
| Missouri | Median Barriers | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide 231.1 Median Width | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/231.1_Median_Width |
| Missouri | Median Barriers | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide 606.2 Guard Cable | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/606.2_Guard_Cable |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Missouri | Median Barriers | MoDOT Staff Summary: Median Guard Cable Performance in Relation to Median Slope | https://spexternal.modot.mo.gov/sites/cm/CORDT/ss07006.pdf |
| Missouri | Road Diets (Roadway Configuration), Reduced Left- Turn Conflict Intersections, | System-wide Safety Treatments and Design Guidance for J-Turns | https://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TR201510/cmr16-013.pdf |
| Missouri | Road Diets (Roadway Configuration), Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Driving Simulator Study of J-Turn Acceleration/Deceleration Lane and U-Turn Spacing | https://library.modot.mo.gov/RDT/reports/TR201515/ |
| Missouri | RSA | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide 907.2 Road Safety Assessment (RSA) | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/907.2_Road_Safety_Assessment_(RSA) |
| Missouri | RSA | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide 907.9 Safety Assessment For Every Roadway (SAFER) | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/907.9_Safety_Assessment_For_Every_Roadway_(SAFER) |
| Missouri | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide 231.2 Clear Zones | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/231.2_Clear_Zones |
| Missouri | Roadway Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide 907.10 Complete Streets | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/907.10_Complete_Streets |
| Missouri | SafetyEdge | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide 450.9 Safety EdgeSM | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/Category:450_Bituminous_Pavement_Design#450.9_Safety_EdgeSM |
| Missouri | Walkways | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide 642.8 Sidewalk Design Criteria | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/642.8_Sidewalk_Design_Criteria |
| Missouri | Wider Edge Lines | Missouri DOT Engineering Policy Guide Category 620: Pavement Markings | https://epg.modot.org/index.php/Category:620_Pavement_Marking |
| Montana | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction 2020 Edition V5.0 Section 617 – Traffic Signals and Lighting | https://www.mdt.mt.gov/other/webdata/external/const/specifications/2020/SPEC-BOOK/2020-SPEC-BOOK-V5-0.pdf |
| Montana | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Montana DOT Design Memos | https://www.mdt.mt.gov/business/consulting/design-memos.aspx |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nebraska | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | Nebraska DOT Uncontrolled Marked Crossing Pedestrian Safety Countermeasure Matrix | NE NDOT Uncontrolled Marked Crossing Pedestrian Safety Countermeasure Matrix.png |
| Nebraska | Enhanced Delineation for Horizonal Curves, Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Roadway Design Manual Nebraska DOT | https://dot.nebraska.gov/media/by4be54v/rdm.pdf |
| Nebraska | PHBs, RRFBs, Yellow Change Intervals | Nebraska DOT Supplement to the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices | https://dot.nebraska.gov/media/j0klgqug/ne-mutcd-2019.pdf |
| Nevada | SafetyEdge, Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads, Lighting, RRFBs | Nevada DOT Standard Plans for Road and Bridge Construction 2023 Edition | https://www.dot.nv.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/21537/638150725828230000 |
| New Hampshire | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | Title XXI Motor Vehicles Chapter 265 Rules of the Road Speed Limitations Section 265:60 | https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XXI/265/265-60.htm |
| New Mexico | Bicyclist Safety | New Mexico Prioritized Statewide Bicycle Network Plan (December 2018) | https://bhinc.com/wpcontent/uploads/2020/07/2_NM-Bike-Plan-Final-December-2018.pdf |
| New York | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | New Traffic Signal Support Structural Analysis Program (T3SAP) and Backplate Policy | https://www.dot.ny.gov/portal/pls/portal/mexis_app.pa_ei_eb_admin_app.show_pdf?id=14312 |
| New York | Bicycle Lanes | New York State DOT Bicycling in New York State | https://www.dot.ny.gov/modal/bike |
| New York | Bicycle Lanes, Walkways | New York State DOT Complete Streets | https://www.dot.ny.gov/programs/completestreets |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Page
223
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| New York | Corridor Access Management | Integrated Corridor Management Concept Exploration: Suffolk County Department of Public Works and New York State DOT, Region 10 Final Report - Report Number 21-17 | https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.nyserda.ny.gov//media/Project/Nyserda/Files/Publications/Research/Transportation/21-17-Integrated-Corridor-Management-Concept-Exploration-Suffolk-County.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwi2jpyt_4qGAxXOC3kGHaLDfoQFnoECBYQAQ&usg=AOvVaw0z48wn8y5MIQhAXQO9FsSL |
| New York | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | Report No. C-16-04 Phase 2 – High Visibility Crosswalk Pedestrian Study: Concept to Countermeasure – Research to Deployment Using the SHRP2 Safety Data Final Report | https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-16-04.pdf |
| New York | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves, Lighting | Final Report Using Lighting and Visual Information to Alter Driver Behavior | https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-06-36-FinalReport.pdf |
| New York | LRSPs | New York State DOT Highway Design Manual Chapter 7: Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (1R, 2R and 3R) | https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/design/dqab/hdm/hdm-repository/chapt_07.pdf |
| New York | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Evaluation of Centerline Audible Roadway Delineators (CARDs) in New York State | https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/operating/osss/highway-repository/CARDSPaper.pdf |
| New York | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | New York DOT Centerline Rumble Strips on Secondary Highways: A Systematic Crash Analysis | https://www.dot.ny.gov/programs/rumblestrips/repository/Centerline%20Rumble%20Strips%20on%20Secondary%20Highways.pdf |
| New York | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | New York State DOT Centerline Rumble Strips | https://www.dot.ny.gov/programs/rumblestrips/centerrumblestrips |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| New York | Roundabouts | Final Report Project NYSDOT C-01-47 Operational and Safety Performance of Modern Roundabouts and Other Intersection Types | https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-01-47.pdf |
| New York | Roundabouts | New York State DOT The Modern Roundabout | https://www.dot.ny.gov/main/roundabouts |
| New York | SafetyEdge | Shoulder Edge Wedge For Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Pavements | https://www.dot.ny.gov/portal/pls/portal/mexis_app.pa_ei_eb_admin_app.show_pdf?id=10356 |
| New York | SafetyEdge | Shoulder Edge Wedge For Hot Mix Asphalt Paving | https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-03-04.pdf |
| New York | Wider Edge Lines | Six Inch Edge Lines on Rural High-Speed Highways | https://www.dot.ny.gov/portal/pls/portal/mexis_app.pa_ei_eb_admin_app.show_pdf?id=12732 |
| North Carolina | Appropriate Speed Limits for All road Users | NCDOT Speed Limit Review Documentation Forms | https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/safety/Teppl/TEPPL%20All%20Documents%20Library/User%20Guide%20For%20Roadway%20Speed%20Limit%20Review%20Forms.pdf |
| North Carolina | Appropriate Speed Limits for All road Users | NCDOT/NC/2017-10 Developing Guidelines and Documentation of Engineering Studies for Establishing NC Speed Limits | https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/research/RNAProjDocs/2017-10%20Final%20Report.pdf |
| North Carolina | Corridor Access Management | North Carolina DOT Policy on Street and Driveway Access to North Carolina Highways | https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/Roadway/RoadwayDesignAdministrativeDocuments/Policy%20on%20Street%20and%20Driveway%20Access.pdf |
| North Carolina | Corridor Access Management | Safety Effectiveness of Median Channelization Approaching Signals | - |
| North Carolina | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | Design Manual Signal Design Section Part 1 | https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/safety/ITS%20and%20Signals%20Resources/TSMO%20Unit%20Design%20Manual%20Part%201%20%20Signal%20Design.pdf |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| North Carolina | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | FHWA/NC/2014-15 North Carolina Pedestrian Crossing Guidance | https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/safety/Teppl/TEPPL%20All%20Documents%20Library/Pedestrian_Crossing_Guidance.pdf |
| North Carolina | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | FHWA/NC/2019-18 Yielding Compliance at High Visibility Crosswalks | https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/research/RNAProjDocs/RP2019-18%20Final%20Report%20wAppendices.pdf |
| North Carolina | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | North Carolina Department of Transportation Division of Highways Division of Transportation Mobility and Safety Standard Practice for In-Street Pedestrian Crossing Sign | https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/safety/Teppl/TEPPL%20All%20Documents%20Library/S75_practice.pdf |
| North Carolina | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | North Carolina DOT Pedestrian Crossing Treatment Evaluation Guidance | https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/safety/Teppl/TEPPL%20All%20Documents%20Library/Pedestrian_Crossing_Guidance.pdf |
| North Carolina | Dedicated Left-and-Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Geometrics - Turn Lanes Signals and Geometrics Section | https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/safety/IT%20and%20Signals/Section%2012%20Geometrics.pdf |
| North Carolina | Dedicated Left-and-Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Safety Evaluation of Signal Installation with and Without Left Turn Lanes on Two Lane Roads in Rural and Suburban Areas | https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/research/RNAProjDocs/2013-11finalreport.pdf |
| North Carolina | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Roadway Standard Drawing for Pavement Marking Line Types and Offsets | https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/Specifications/2012%20Roadway%20Standard%20Drawings/Division%2012%20-%20Pavement%20Markings,%20Markers%20and%20Delineation.pdf |
| North Carolina | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Roadway Standard Drawing for Type “A” Signs Welded Stud Construction | https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/Metric%20Drawings/09011001.pdf |
| North Carolina | Enhanced Delineations for Horizontal Curves | Lane Departure Crash Strategies Chevrons – Curve Signing | - |
| North Carolina | Lighting | North Carolina DOT Roadway Lighting Policy | https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/Roadway/RoadwayDesignAdministrativeDocuments/Roadway_Lighting_Policy_2020.pdf |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| North Carolina | Lighting | Roadway Standard Drawing for High Mount Standard Assembly | - |
| North Carolina | Longitudinal Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | North Carolina Department of Transportation Division of Highways Transportation Mobility and Safety Division Standard Practice for Milled Rumble Strips/Stripes on Non-Full-Controlled Facilities | - |
| North Carolina | Median Barriers | FHWA/NC/2003-05 Effects of Continuous Median Barriers on Highway Speeds, Emergency Response Times, and Transport Times on North Carolina Highways | https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/research/RNAProjDocs/2002-06FinalReport.pdf |
| North Carolina | Median Barriers | Roadside Safety Devices Fourth Edition A Guide to Estimating Replacement Costs and Damages | - |
| North Carolina | Pavement Friction Management | FHWA/NC/2017-02 Evaluation of Methods for Pavement Surface Friction, Testing on Non-Tangent Roadways and Segments | - |
| North Carolina | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersection | Safety Effectiveness of Un-signalized Synchronized Street Intersections | - |
| North Carolina | RSA | Road Safety Reviews (RSR) – The Process | https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/safety/TrafficSafetyResources/Road%20Safety%20Review.pdf |
| North Carolina | Roundabouts | FHWA/NC/2020-32 Mini-Roundabout CMF Development | https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/research/RNAProjDocs/RP2020-32_Final%20Report.pdf |
| North Carolina | Roundabouts | North Carolina DOT Roundabouts | https://www.ncdot.gov/initiatives-policies/Transportation/safety-mobility/roundabouts/Pages/default.aspx |
| North Carolina | VSLs | Work Zone “Variable” Speed Limit Reduction | - |
| North Carolina | Yellow Change Intervals | North Carolina DOT Automated Traffic Signals Performance Measures (ATSPM) Implementation Plan | https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/safety/Teppl/TEPPL%20All%20Documents%20Library/NCDOT%20ATSPM%20Implementation%20Plan.pdf |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| North Carolina | Yellow Change Intervals | North Carolina DOT Guide on Automated Traffic Signals Performance Measure | https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/safety/Teppl/TEPPL%20All%20Documents%20Library/NCDOT%20Guide%20on%20ATSPM.pdf |
| North Carolina | Yellow Change Intervals | Signal System Timing Philosophy Manual Version 2.0 | https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/safety/Teppl/TEPPL%20All%20Documents%20Library/Signal%20System%20Timing%20Philosophy%20Manual.pdf |
| North Dakota | LRSPs | North Dakota DOT Highway Safety Plan | https://www.dot.nd.gov/travel-and-safety/highway-safety/highway-safety-programs |
| North Dakota | LRSPs | Traffic Operations Manual: NDDOT Programming Division Traffic Operations Section January 2023 | https://www.dot.nd.gov/sites/www/files/documents/construction-and-planning/Traffic-Operations-Manual.pdf |
| Ohio | Bicycle Lanes, Crosswalk Visibility Enhancement, LPI, Median and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas, PHBs, RRFBs, Walkways, Roadside Design Improvement at Curves, Median Barriers, Yellow Change Intervals | Ohio Multimodal Design Guide | https://www.transportation.ohio.gov/working/engineering/roadway/manuals-standards/multimodal |
| Ohio | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads, Median Barriers, Backplates with Retroreflective Borders, Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections, Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Location and Design Manual Volume 1 | https://www.transportation.ohio.gov/working/engineering/roadway/manuals-standards/location-design-vol-1/ |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ohio | Roundabouts, Road Diets | Safety Effectiveness of Roundabouts, RCUTs, and Road Diets | https://www.transportation.ohio.gov/about-us/basics/roundabouts |
| Ohio | SafetyEdge, Wider Edge Lines, Pavement Friction Management | Pavement Requirements | https://www.transportation.ohio.gov/working/engineering/pavement/pavement-design-manual/100 |
| Ohio | VSLs, Lighting, LRSPs, RSA | Traffic Engineering Manual (TEM) | https://www.transportation.ohio.gov/working/engineering/roadway/manuals-standards/tem/home |
| Oklahoma | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | T-201 Traffic Signals and Accessories | https://www.odot.org/traffic/traffic2009/T-201-Traffic%20Signals%20and%20Accessories-SA1-1-02.pdf |
| Oklahoma | Lighting | Traffic Engineering Standards & Specifications Highway Lighting - 2009 | https://www.odot.org/traffic/traffic2009/trf_std_2009-lighting.php |
| Oklahoma | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | T-101 Pavement Marking (Crosswalks and Left Turn Bay) | https://www.odot.org/traffic/traffic2009/T-101-Pavement%20Marking%20(Crosswalk%20and%20Left%20Turn%20Bay)-PM1-1-03.pdf |
| Oklahoma | Median Barrier, Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Traffic Engineering Standards and Specifications Traffic Safety - 2009 | https://www.odot.org/traffic/traffic2009/trf_std_2009-safety.php |
| Oklahoma | SafetyEdge | R-24 Pavement Safety Edge | https://www.odot.org/roadway/roadway2019/R-24(1).pdf |
| Oregon | Access Management | Oregon DOT Delivery and Operations Division Technical Guidance Directory | https://www.oregon.gov/odot/Engineering/Pages/Technical-Guidance.aspx?wp6748=se:%22Access+Management%22 |
| Oregon | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | Oregon DOT Speed Zones | https://www.oregon.gov/odot/Engineering/Pages/Speed-Zones.aspx |
| Oregon | LPI, PHBs, RRFBs, Yellow Change Intervals | Oregon DOT Traffic Signal Design Manual January 2023 | https://www.oregon.gov/odot/Engineering/Pages/Signal-Design-Manual.aspx |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oregon | Lighting | Oregon DOT Lighting Policy and Guidelines September 2021 | https://www.oregon.gov/odot/Engineering/Documents_TrafficStandards/Lighting-Policy-Guidelines.pdf |
| Oregon | LRSPs | Crash Reduction Factor Manual January 2023 Edition | https://www.oregon.gov/odot/Engineering/ARTS/CRF-Manual.pdf |
| Oregon | LRSPs | Oregon DOT Highway Design Manual March 2024 | https://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/Engineering/Pages/Hwy-Design-Manual.aspx |
| Oregon | LRSPs | Oregon DOT Traffic Manual February 2024 Edition | https://www.oregon.gov/odot/Engineering/Docs_TrafficEng/Traffic-Manual-2024.pdf |
| Oregon | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Oregon DOT Traffic Line Manual January 2024 | https://www.oregon.gov/odot/Engineering/Documents_TrafficStandards/Traffic-Line-Manual.pdf |
| Oregon | SSCs | Oregon Department of Transportation and Oregon Traffic Control Devices Committee Fixed Photo Radar (FPR) Camera Guidelines For State Highways 2016 | https://www.oregon.gov/ODOT/Engineering/TRSDocs/Speed_Fixed-Photo-Radar-Camera-Guidelines.pdf |
| Pennsylvania | Bicycle Lanes and Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | PennDOT Design Manual Part 1 Publication 10 (Transportation Program Development and Project Delivery Process) (Chapter 2 Section 2.3) | https://www.dot.state.pa.us/public/PubsForms/Publications/PUB%2010/Pub%2010/December%202021%20Change%20No.%203.pdf |
| Pennsylvania | Corridor Access Management, Systematic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections, LRSPs | Highway Safety Program Guide Publication 638 | https://www.dot.state.pa.us/public/pubsforms/Publications/PUB%20638.pdf |
| Pennsylvania | LPI, Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas, RRFBs, Walkways, Yellow Change Intervals | Traffic Signal Design Handbook (Bureau of Maintenance and Operations: Publication 149) | https://www.dot.state.pa.us/public/PubsForms/Publications/PUB%20149.pdf |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pennsylvania | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads, Backplates with Retroreflective Borders, Dedicated Left- and Right- Turn Lanes at Intersections, Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Design Manuals: Publication 46 Traffic Engineering Manual | https://www.dot.state.pa.us/public/PubsForms/Publications/Pub%2046.pdf |
| Pennsylvania | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads, SafetyEdge, Road Diets, LRSPs, Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas, Bicycle Lanes | Design Manuals: Highway Design Publication 13 (Design Manual Part 2 Highway Design) | https://www.dot.state.pa.us/public/pubsforms/Publications/PUB%2013M/May%202020%20Change%20No.%205.pdf |
| Pennsylvania | Pavement Friction Management | Pavement Policy Manual Publication 242 | https://www.dot.state.pa.us/public/PubsForms/Publications/PUB%20242.pdf |
| Pennsylvania | RRFBs, Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | PennDOT Strike-off Letter (SOL) 494-18-07 | https://www.dot.state.pa.us/public/Bureaus/BOMO/Portal/SOL/494-18-07.pdf |
| South Carolina | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements, Walkways | South Carolina DOT Traffic Engineering Guidelines: TG-38 Crosswalks | https://www.scdot.org/business/pdf/accessMgt/Traffic-Engineering-Guidelines/tg38.pdf |
| South Carolina | Walkways | South Carolina DOT Departmental Directives: Complete Streets | http://info2.scdot.org/SCDOTPress/PublishingImages/DD%2028%20Complete%20Streets.pdf |
| South Dakota | Dedicated Left- and Right- Turn Lanes at Intersections, Lighting, Backplates with Retroreflective Borders, RSAs | SD Chapter 15: Traffic | https://dotfiles.sd.gov/rd/rdmch15.pdf |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| South Dakota | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads, | SD Chapter 7: Cross Sections | https://dotfiles.sd.gov/rd/rdmch07.pdf |
| Texas | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders, PHBs | Traffic Signal Head With Backplate TS-BP-20 | https://ftp.dot.state.tx.us/pub/txdot-info/cmd/cserve/standard/traffic/ts-bp-20.pdf |
| Texas | Bicyclist Safety | Addressing Bicyclist Safety Through the Development of Crash Modification Factors for Bikeways Technical Report 0-7043-R1 | https://static.tti.tamu.edu/tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-7043-R1.pdf |
| Texas | Corridor Access Management | Texas DOT Access Management Manual | http://onlinemanuals.txdot.gov/TxDOTOnlineManuals/txdotmanuals/acm/acm.pdf |
| Texas | Enhanced Delineations for Horizontal Curves | Delineator & Object Marker Material Description D & OM(2)-20 | https://ftp.dot.state.tx.us/pub/txdot-info/cmd/cserve/standard/traffic/DOM-20.pdf |
| Texas | Lighting | Highway Illumination Manual (January 2018) | http://onlinemanuals.txdot.gov/TxDOTOnlineManuals/txdotmanuals/hwi/hwi.pdf |
| Texas | LRSPs | Texas DOT Highway Safety Improvement Program Guidelines Traffic Safety Division (July 2023) | https://ftp.txdot.gov/pub/txdot-info/trf/hsip-guidance-program.pdf |
| Texas | LRSPs | Texas DOT Design Manual (Revised December 2022) | http://onlinemanuals.txdot.gov/TxDOTOnlineManuals/txdotmanuals/rdw/rdw.pdf |
| Texas | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Edge Line Rumble Strips on Freeways and Divided Highways RS(1)-23 | https://ftp.dot.state.tx.us/pub/txdotinfo/cmd/cserve/standard/traffic/RS-23.pdf |
| Texas | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Evaluation of the Performance of Rumble Strips on Pavements Where Seal Coats Have Been Applied Project 0-7029 | https://library.ctr.utexas.edu/Presto/content/Detail.aspx?ctID=M2UxNzg5YmEtYzMyZS00ZjBlLWIyODctYzljMzQ3ZmVmOWFl&rID=Njcy&qrs=RmFsc2U=&q=cnVtYmxlIHN0cmlw&ph=VHJ1ZQ==&bckToL=VHJ1ZQ==&rrtc=VHJ1ZQ== |
| Texas | Pavement Markings | Typically Standard Pavement Markings PM(1)-22 | https://ftp.dot.state.tx.us/pub/txdotinfo/cmd/cserve/standard/traffic/PM-22.pdf |
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232
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Page
233
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Page
234
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Virginia | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | IIM-TE-261.1: Type B, Class VI Pavement Markings | https://www.vdot.virginia.gov/doing-business/technical-guidance-and-support/technical-guidance-documents/iim-te-2611-type-b-class-vi-pavement-markings/ |
| Virginia | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lanes Roads | Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program (VHSIP) Proactive Systemic Initiatives for VDOT-Maintained Roads: Edgeline Rumble Strips/Stripes | https://www.vdot.virginia.gov/media/vdotvirginiagov/doing-business/technical-guidance-and-support/traffic-operations/vhsip/Edgeline_Rumble_Strips_VDOT_One-Pager_acc04182024_JE.pdf |
| Virginia | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lanes Roads | Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program (VHSIP) Proactive Systemic Initiatives for VDOT-Maintained Roads: Centerline Rumble Stripes | https://www.vdot.virginia.gov/media/vdotvirginiagov/doing-business/technical-guidance-and-support/traffic-operations/vhsip/Centerline_Rumble_Stripes_VDOT_One-Pager_acc04182024_JE.pdf |
| Virginia | Road Diets | Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program (VHSIP) Proactive Systemic Initiatives for Locally Owned/Maintained Roads: Road Diets | https://www.vdot.virginia.gov/media/vdotvirginiagov/doing-business/technical-guidance-and-support/traffic-operations/vhsip/Road-Diets-Local-Agency-One-Pager_acc050222.pdf |
| Virginia | RSA | Virginia DOT Highway Safety Improvement Program Road Safety Audit Guidelines | https://www.vdot.virginia.gov/doing-business/technical-guidance-and-support/traffic-operations/vhsip/ |
| Virginia | SafetyEdge | Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program (VHSIP) Proactive Systemic Initiatives for VDOT-Maintained Roads: Shoulder Wedge | https://www.vdot.virginia.gov/media/vdotvirginiagov/doing-business/technical-guidance-and-support/traffic-operations/vhsip/Shoulder_Wedge_VDOT_OnePager_acc04172024_JE.pdf |
| Virginia | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program (VHSIP) Proactive Systemic Initiatives for VDOT-Maintained Roads: Unsignalized Intersection Improvements | https://www.vdot.virginia.gov/media/vdotvirginiagov/doing-business/technical-guidance-and-support/traffic-operations/vhsip/Unsignalized_Intersections_VDOT_One-Pager_acc04172024_JE.pdf |
Page
235
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Washington | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Miscellaneous Sign Details Standard Plan J-75.30-02 | https://wsdot.wa.gov/publications/fulltext/Standards/english/PDF/j75.30-02_e.pdf |
| Washington | LRSPs | Washington State DOT Design Manual M 22-01.22 | https://wsdot.wa.gov/engineering-standards/all-manuals-and-standards/manuals/design-manual |
| Washington | LRSPs | Washington State DOT Highway Safety Improvement Program | https://wsdot.wa.gov/business-wsdot/support-local-programs/funding-programs/highway-safety-improvement-program |
| Washington | LRSPs | WSDOT Traffic Manual M 51-02.10 (Chapter 4) | https://wsdot.wa.gov/publications/manuals/fulltext/M51-02/Chapter4.pdf |
| Washington | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Shoulder Rumble Strip Type 1 For Divided Highways Standard Plan M-60.10-01 | https://wsdot.wa.gov/publications/fulltext/Standards/english/PDF/m60.10-01_e.pdf |
| Wisconsin | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | Traffic Engineering, Operations & Safety Manual (Section 13-5: Speed Limits) | https://wisconsindot.gov/dtsdManuals/trafficops/manuals-and-standards/teops/13-05.pdf |
| Wisconsin | Bicycle Lanes | Facilities Development Manual (Section 11-46 Bicycle and Pedestrian Elements Affecting Complete Streets) | https://wisconsindot.gov/rdwy/fdm/fd-1146.pdf#fd11-46 |
| Wisconsin | Bicycle Lanes, Walkways | Facilities Development Manual (Section 11-46: Bicycle and Pedestrian Accommodations) | https://wisconsindot.gov/rdwy/fdm/fd-1146.pdf#fd11-46 |
| Wisconsin | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | Traffic Engineering, Operations & Safety Manual (Section 3-2: Longline Marking) | https://wisconsindot.gov/dtsdManuals/traffic-ops/manuals-and-standards/teops/03-02.pdf#3-2-3 |
| Wisconsin | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Facilities Development Manual (Sections 11-25-5: Left Turn Lanes and 11-25-10: Right-Turn Lanes |
https://wisconsindot.gov/rdwy/fdm/fd-11-25.pdf#fd11-25-5 https://wisconsindot.gov/rdwy/fdm/fd-1125.pdf#fd11-25-10 |
| Wisconsin | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves, Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | Traffic Engineering, Operations & Safety Manual (Section 2-3: Warnings) | https://wisconsindot.gov/dtsdManuals/traffic-ops/manuals-and-standards/teops/02-03.pdf |
| Wisconsin | Lighting | Traffic Engineering, Operations & Safety Manual (Chapter 11: Lighting / Electrical / Electronic Systems) | https://wisconsindot.gov/dtsdManuals/traffic-ops/manuals-and-standards/teops/11.pdf |
Page
236
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wisconsin | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Facilities Development Manual (Section 11-15: Cross-section Elements for Projects on Rural Roadways, Highways, Freeways, and Interstates) | https://wisconsindot.gov/rdwy/fdm/fd-11-15.pdf#fd11-15-1.8 |
| Wisconsin | Median Barriers, SafetyEdge | Facilities Development Manual (Section 11-45: Other Elements Affecting Geometric Design) | https://wisconsindot.gov/rdwy/fdm/fd-11-45.pdf#fd11-45 |
| Wisconsin | Pavement Friction Management | Facilities Development Manual (Section 12-5: Countermeasures) | https://wisconsindot.gov/dtsdManuals/traffic-ops/manuals-and-standards/teops/12-05.pdf |
| Wisconsin | PHBs | Traffic Engineering, Operations & Safety Manual (Section 4-4: Pedestrian Signals) | https://wisconsindot.gov/dtsdManuals/traffic-ops/manuals-and-standards/teops/04-04.pdf |
| Wisconsin | Regular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFB) | Traffic Engineering, Operations & Safety Manual (Section 4-5: Beacons) | https://wisconsindot.gov/dtsdManuals/traffic-ops/manuals-and-standards/teops/04-05.pdf |
| Wisconsin | Road Diets (Roadway Configuration) | Facilities Development Manual (Section 11-25: Intersections at Grade) | https://wisconsindot.gov/rdwy/fdm/fd-1125.pdf#fd11-25-5 |
| Wisconsin | Roundabouts | Facilities Development Manual (Section 11-26: Roundabouts) | https://wisconsindot.gov/rdwy/fdm/fd-1126.pdf#fd11-26 |
| Wisconsin | Yellow Change Intervals | Traffic Engineering, Operations & Safety Manual (Section 4-2: Traffic Control Signals) | https://wisconsindot.gov/dtsdManuals/traffic-ops/manuals-and-standards/teops/04.pdf |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-16. Individual DOT responses to Question 6 [evaluation studies of FHWA PSCs (Assessment Stage or Institutionalized)] - Speed Management and Pedestrian / Bicyclist PSCs.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Alaska | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arizona | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arkansas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| California | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Colorado | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Connecticut | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Delaware | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x | x | x | - |
| District of | |||||||||||
| Columbia | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Florida | - | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | x | - | - |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | x | - |
| Hawaii | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
238
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Idaho | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Illinois | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Indiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kentucky | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Louisiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maine | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maryland | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Massachusetts | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Michigan | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Minnesota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | - |
| Mississippi | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Missouri | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
239
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Montana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nebraska | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nevada | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Hampshire | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Jersey | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Mexico | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New York | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Carolina | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | x | x | - |
| North Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Ohio | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Oklahoma | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Oregon | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Pennsylvania | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Rhode Island | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
Page
240
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Carolina | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| South Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Tennessee | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Texas | - | - | x | x | - | - | x | x | x | - | - |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Washington | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| West Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Wisconsin | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Wyoming | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Count | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 0 |
Page
241
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-17. Individual DOT responses to Question 6 [evaluation studies of FHWA PSCs (Assessment Stage or Institutionalized)] - Roadway Departure, Intersection, and Crosscutting PSCs.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA | None of the Above |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Alaska | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arizona | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arkansas | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| California | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Colorado | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Connecticut | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Delaware | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | x | - | - |
| District of Columbia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Florida | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - |
| Georgia | - | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
242
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA | None of the Above |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Idaho | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Illinois | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Indiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - |
| Kentucky | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | - |
| Louisiana | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maine | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maryland | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Massachusetts | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Michigan | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Minnesota | - | x | x | - | - | x | x | - | - | x | x | - | x | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mississippi | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Missouri | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - |
Page
243
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA | None of the Above |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Montana | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nebraska | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Nevada | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| New Hampshire | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| New Jersey | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Mexico | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| New York | x | x | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | - | x | - | - | - | - |
| North Carolina | x | x | x | x | - | x | - | - | x | x | x | - | - | - | - | x | x | - |
| North Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Ohio | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Oklahoma | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Oregon | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Pennsylvania | x | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - |
| Rhode Island | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - |
Page
244
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA | None of the Above |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Carolina | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| South Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Tennessee | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - |
| Texas | - | x | - | - | - | x | - | x | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x | - | - |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | x |
| Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Washington | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| West Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Wisconsin | - | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | x | - | - | x | - | x | - | - |
| Wyoming | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Count | 6 | 16 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 18 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 10 | 3 | 12 |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-18. Resources submitted for Question 6 [evaluation studies of FHWA PSCs (Assessment Stage or Institutionalized)].
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arizona | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | Arizona DOT Traffic Guidelines and Processes March 2021 TSMO 221 Speed Zoning Concepts | https://azdot.gov/sites/default/files/media/2021/03/tgp0221-2021-03.pdf |
| Colorado | Intersections, Median Barriers, and Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) Before/After Safety Analysis | https://www.codot.gov/safety/traffic-safety/assets/hsip/studies/before-after-studies-fhu-final-combined-report-__.pdf |
| District of Columbia | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Minnesota Avenue SE Bus Priority | https://buspriority.ddot.dc.gov/pages/minnesotaavese |
| District of Columbia | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Wheeler Road Safety and Access Quick Delivery Project | https://ddot.dc.gov/wheelerroad |
| Georgia | Pavement Friction Management | Crash Reduction Analysis of Friction Improvement Surface Treatments in Georgia | https://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/detail.php?facid=11316 |
| Kentucky | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users, Warning Signs Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | KTC-05-20/SPR-259-03-1F: Effects of Warning Signs on Curve Operating Speeds | https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1172&context=ktc_researchreports |
| Kentucky | Enhanced Delineations for Horizontal Curves | UKTRP-86-4: Delineation of Horizontal Curves | https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1558&context=ktc_researchreports |
| Kentucky | Lighting | KTC-17-23/RSF45-17-1F: Evaluation of Roadway Lighting Practices | https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2680&context=ktc_researchreports |
| Kentucky | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | KTC-10-01/SPR 330-07-41: Evaluation of Rumble Strips | https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1106&context=ktc_researchreports |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kentucky | Pedestrian/Bicyclist Safety | KTC –02-04/FR106-00-1F: Accommodating Pedestrian and Bicycle Access on Parkers Mill Road from New Circle Road to Man O War Boulevard in Lexington | https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1271&context=ktc_researchreports |
| Kentucky | Road Diets (Roadway Configuration) | Multimodal Alternative Evaluation US 60 (Versailles Road) Lexington, KY Final Report | https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2421&context=ktc_researchreports |
| Minnesota | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Sinusoidal Rumble Strips Safety Evaluation | https://mdl.mndot.gov/items/202340 |
| Minnesota | Median Barriers | High Tension Cable Median Barrier Safety Effectiveness Evaluation | https://mdl.mndot.gov/_flysystem/fedora/2023-02/202234.pdf |
| Minnesota | Roundabouts | MnDOT Traffic Safety Evaluation of Pedestrians and Bicyclists at Roundabouts in Minnesota | https://mdl.mndot.gov/items/202336 |
| Minnesota | Wider Edge Lines | Evaluation of Wider Edge Lines on Minnesota Roads | https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/65666 |
| Minnesota | Yellow Change Intervals | Flashing Yellow Arrow Signal Head Safety Evaluation | https://edocspublic.dot.state.mn.us/edocs_public/DMResultSet/download?docId=26159671 |
| Missouri | Median Barriers | Median Guard Cable Performance in Relation to Median Slope | https://spexternal.modot.mo.gov/sites/cm/CORDT/ss07006.pdf |
| Missouri | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | CMR 16-018 Driving Simulator Study of J-Turn Acceleration/Deceleration Lane and U-Turn Spacing Configurations | https://spexternal.modot.mo.gov/sites/cm/CORDT/cmr16-018.pdf |
| Missouri | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | MoDOT CMR 16-013 System-Wide Safety Treatments and Design Guidance for J-Turns | https://spexternal.modot.mo.gov/sites/cm/CORDT/cmr16-013.pdf |
| Montana | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Montana DOT Safety Evaluation of Sinusoidal Centerline Rumble Strips | https://www.mdt.mt.gov/research/projects/sclrs-safety-eval.aspx |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nevada | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | Nevada DOT Speed Management Action Plan (SMAP) | https://www.dot.nv.gov/safety/traffic-safety-engineering/highways-safety-improvement-program-hsip/speed-management-action-plan-smap |
| North Carolina | Dedicated Left-and-Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | North Carolina DOT Traffic Safety Unit Programs Signal Installations with and Without Left-Turn Lanes Evaluation | https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/research/RNAProjDocs/2013-11finalreport.pdf |
| North Carolina | Longitudinal Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Lane Departure Crash Strategies Rumble Strips | - |
| North Carolina | Median Barriers | Median Barriers in North Carolina | https://aii.transportation.org/Documents/NorthCarolinaMediamBarrierEvaluation.pdf |
| North Carolina | PHBs, RRFBs | NCDOT Traffic Safety Unit Programs Pedestrian Countermeasure Evaluations | - |
| North Carolina | PHBs, RRFBs | Pedestrian Countermeasure Evaluations in North Carolina – Case Studies | - |
| North Carolina | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersection | North Carolina DOT Traffic Safety Unit Programs Reduced Conflict Intersection (RCI) Evaluation | - |
| North Carolina | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersection | Reduced Conflict Intersections Innovative corridor designs to reduce travel delays, improve safety and handle heavier traffic volumes | - |
| North Carolina | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Road Diet Project Evaluation | - |
| North Carolina | RSA | North Carolina DOT Traffic Safety Unit Programs Road Safety Review Program | - |
| North Carolina | Roundabouts | North Carolina DOT Traffic Safety Unit Programs Evaluation of Roundabouts on High-Speed Roadways | - |
Page
248
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| North Carolina | Roundabouts | North Carolina DOT Traffic Safety Unit Programs Roundabout Evaluation | - |
| North Carolina | Roundabouts | Roundabouts on High Speed Roads – Empirical Bayes Methodology Evaluation | https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/safety/Safety%20Evaluation%20Completed%20Projects/High%20Speed%20Roundabout%20Presentation%202019.pdf |
| North Carolina | Roundabouts | Safety Evaluation of Roundabouts in North Carolina | https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/safety/Safety%20Evaluation%20Completed%20Projects/Roundabout%20Presentation%202011.pdf |
| North Carolina | SafetyEdge | North Carolina DOT Traffic Safety Unit Programs Safety Edge Implementation Study | - |
| North Carolina | SafetyEdge | Safety Edge (Presentation slides) | - |
| North Carolina | Walkways | Complete Streets Project Evaluation Methodology | https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/BikePed/Documents/Complete%20Streets%20Trainings%20Slides.pdf |
| North Carolina | Wider Edge Lines | Long Life Pavement Markings on 2-Lane Roads – 2020 Update | - |
| North Carolina | Wider Edge Lines | North Carolina: Long-life Pavement Markings Safety Initiative | - |
| North Carolina | Wider Edge Lines | Wide Edge Lines Executive Committee for Highway Safety | - |
| Texas | Bicyclist Safety | Addressing Bicyclist Safety Through the Development of Crash Modification Factors for Bikeways Technical Report 0-7043-R1 | https://static.tti.tamu.edu/tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-7043-R1.pdf |
| Texas | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Project 0-7029 Evaluation of the Performance of Rumble Strips on Pavements Where Seal Coats Have Been Applied | https://library.ctr.utexas.edu/Presto/content/Detail.aspx?ctID=M2UxNzg5YmEtYzMyZS00ZjBlLWIyODctYzljMzQ3ZmVmOWFl&rID=Njcy&qrs=RmFsc2U=&q=cnVtYmxlIHN0cmlw&ph=VHJ1ZQ==&bckToL=VHJ1ZQ==&rrtc=VHJ1ZQ== |
Page
249
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Countermeasure | Resource Description | URL |
|---|---|---|---|
| Texas | Median Barriers | Project Summary Report 0-4221-S Benefits of Access Management Impacts: Access Point Density and Raised Medians | https://library.ctr.utexas.edu/hostedpdfs/tti/0-4221-s.pdf |
| Texas | Pavement Friction Management | Project 0-6746-01 Validation of TxDOT Flexible Pavement Skid Prediction Model | https://static.tti.tamu.edu/tti.tamu.edu/documents/0-6746-01-P2.pdf |
| Texas | PHBs, RRFBs | Technical Report 0-6969-R3 Traffic Control Device Analysis, Testing, and Evaluation Program: FY2020 Activities | https://library.ctr.utexas.edu/hostedpdfs/tti/0-6969-r3.pdf |
| Texas | Pedestrian Safety | Characteristics of Texas Pedestrian Crashes and Evaluation of Driver Yielding at Pedestrian Treatments | https://library.ctr.utexas.edu/hostedpdfs/tti/0-6702-1.pdf |
| Texas | Pedestrian Safety | Pedestrian Crossing Guidelines for Texas | https://static.tti.tamu.edu/tti.tamu.edu/documents/2136-2.pdf |
| Texas | Roundabouts | Project 0-7036 Use of Roundabouts and Innovative Intersection Designs at High-Speed Intersections in Texas | https://library.ctr.utexas.edu/Presto/content/Detail.aspx?ctID=M2UxNzg5YmEtYzMyZS00ZjBlLWIyODctYzljMzQ3ZmVmOWFl&rID=Njc5&qrs=RmFsc2U%3D&ph=VHJ1ZQ%3D%3D&bckToL=VHJ1ZQ%3D%3D&rrtc=RmFsc2U%3D&bmdc=MQ== |
| Texas | VSLs | Evaluation of TxDOT Variable Speed Limit Pilot Projects Final Report June 2015 | https://static.tti.tamu.edu/tti.tamu.edu/documents/TTI-2015-10.pdf |
| Washington | VSLs | Best Practices for Road Weather Management | https://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/weather/Publications/Case%20Studies/24.pdf |
| Washington | VSLs | I-5 Variable Speed Limits and Lane Control | https://transops.s3.amazonaws.com/uploaded_files/i5_variable_speed_limits.pdf |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-19. Individual DOT responses to Question 7 [types of modifications or alternative strategies for FHWA PSCs (Development Stage, Demonstration Stage, Assessment Stage, or Institutionalized)] - Speed Management and Pedestrian / Bicyclist PSCs.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Physical Changes, 2 = Change in Approach or Method to Implement, 3 = Alternative Delivery Mechanisms or Funding Sources, 4 = Pilot Projects, 5 = Change in Approach to Public Outreach, 6 = Other, 7 = None). | |||||||||||
| Alabama | - | - | - | - | 7 | - | 7 | - | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Alaska | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arizona | 2,4,5 | - | 7 | - | 1 | - | 7 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 7 |
| Arkansas | - | 4 | - | 5 | 4 | - | 4 | 4 | 4 | - | 3 |
| California | 7 | - | - | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Colorado | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Connecticut | 5 | 5 | - | 2 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 5 | 7 |
| Delaware | 2,4,5 | 4 | 1,3 | 1,2,5 | 1,2,3 | 7 | 1,2,5 | 1,4,5 | 1,3,5 | 1,2,3,5 | 1,5 |
| District of Columbia | 1,2 | 1,2,5 | - | 1,2,3,4,5 | 1,2,3,4,5 | 1,2,5 | 1,2,5 | 1,2 | 1,2,3 | 1,2,3 | 1,2,3,4,5 |
| Florida | 1,2 | 2,5 | 2 | 1,2,3 | 1,2,3 | 2,4 | 1,2 | 1,2,5 | 1,2,4,5 | 1,2,5 | 1,2 |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | 2 | - | - | 1 | 1,2,4,5 | - | 1 | - | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Idaho | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Illinois | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | - | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Indiana | 7 | 4 | 4 | 2,5 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 2 |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
251
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Physical Changes, 2 = Change in Approach or Method to Implement, 3 = Alternative Delivery Mechanisms or Funding Sources, 4 = Pilot Projects, 5 = Change in Approach to Public Outreach, 6 = Other, 7 = None). | |||||||||||
| Kansas | 7 | - | - | 6 | 6 | - | 6 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Kentucky | - | - | - | 2 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Louisiana | 4 | 4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maine | 5 | - | - | 7 | 3 | 7 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
| Maryland | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Massachusetts | 7 | - | - | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 7 |
| Michigan | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Minnesota | 4,5 | - | - | 1,2,4,5 | 1,2,4,5 | 4 | 1,2,4,5 | 1 | 1,2,4,5 | 1,2,5 | 1 |
| Mississippi | - | - | - | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Missouri | 7 | - | 4 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Montana | - | - | 7 | - | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Nebraska | - | - | 2,4,5 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 2,4 | 7 | 3 |
| Nevada | 1,2 | - | 4,5 | 1,4,5 | 1,4,5 | 4 | 1,4 | 2 | 1,4,5 | 1 | 1 |
| New Hampshire | 2,5 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 4 | - |
| New Jersey | 1,2,3 | - | - | 3,6 | 3,6 | 3,6 | 3,6 | 3 | 7 | 6 | 7 |
| New Mexico | 7 | - | - | 2 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 7 | - |
| New York | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Carolina | 7 | - | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| North Dakota | 7 | - | - | - | 7 | - | - | - | 7 | 5 | 7 |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Physical Changes, 2 = Change in Approach or Method to Implement, 3 = Alternative Delivery Mechanisms or Funding Sources, 4 = Pilot Projects, 5 = Change in Approach to Public Outreach, 6 = Other, 7 = None). | |||||||||||
| Ohio | 1,2,4 | 7 | 1,2 | 1,2 | 1,2 | 1,2,4 | 1 | 1,2 | 1,2 | 1 | 1 |
| Oklahoma | 1,4,5 | - | 4 | - | 1,2 | 2,4,5 | - | - | 3,4,5 | 1,2,3,4,5 | - |
| Oregon | 2 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 7 |
| Pennsylvania | 4 | 4 | 4 | - | 4 | 7 | - | - | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Rhode Island | 7 | 6 | - | 7 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 |
| South Carolina | - | - | - | 2 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 2 |
| South Dakota | 5 | - | 6 | 7 | 7 | - | 5 | - | 7 | 5 | 7 |
| Tennessee | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Texas | - | - | 4 | 7 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 2 | - | 7 |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | 7 | 7 | - | 1,2,4,5 | 1 | 1,2,5 | 7 | 7 | 1,3 | 2,4,5 | 1,3 |
| Virginia | - | - | 7 | 7 | 2,3 | 7 | 7 | 2,3 | 2,3 | 3,5 | 7 |
| Washington | 2 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| West Virginia | - | - | - | 5 | - | 4 | 4 | - | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Wisconsin | 7 | - | - | 1,5 | 7 | 7 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 1,2,4,5 | 2,3 |
| Wyoming | 7 | - | 4 | 7 | 7 | - | 7 | - | 7 | 7 | 7 |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-20. Individual DOT responses to Question 7 [types of modifications or alternative strategies for FHWA PSCs (Development Stage, Demonstration Stage, Assessment Stage, or Institutionalized)] - Roadway Departure and Intersection PSCs.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Physical Changes, 2 = Change in Approach or Method to Implement, 3 = Alternative Delivery Mechanisms or Funding Sources, 4 = Pilot Projects, 5 = Change in Approach to Public Outreach, 6 = Other, 7 = None). | |||||||||||||
| Alabama | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | - | - | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Alaska | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arizona | 1,2 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 5 | 7 | - | 7 | 1 | 7 |
| Arkansas | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 3 | - |
| California | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Colorado | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Connecticut | 7 | 1 | 7 | 7 | - | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Delaware | 2,3 | 1,2,4 | 2,3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2,5 | 1,5 | 1,5 | 1,2,5 | 2,3,5 | 7 |
| District of Columbia | - | 7 | - | - | - | - | 1,2,3,5 | - | 1,2,3 | 1,2,3,4,5 | - | 1,2,3,4,5 | 1,2,4 |
| Florida | 2 | 1,2,5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2,5 | 1,2 | 1,2,5 | 1,2,5 | 2 | 2 |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1,5 | 1 | 1 |
| Idaho | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
254
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Physical Changes, 2 = Change in Approach or Method to Implement, 3 = Alternative Delivery Mechanisms or Funding Sources, 4 = Pilot Projects, 5 = Change in Approach to Public Outreach, 6 = Other, 7 = None). | |||||||||||||
| Illinois | 2 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 7 |
| Indiana | 7 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 7 | 2,5 | 2,5 | 2 | 7 |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | 4 | 2 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 4 | - |
| Kentucky | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 1 | 7 | 7 |
| Louisiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maine | 3 | 7 | 7 | 7 | - | 3 | 7 | 7 | 1 | - | 1 | 3 | 7 |
| Maryland | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Massachusetts | - | 7 | 7 | - | - | 7 | 7 | - | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Michigan | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Minnesota | 1 | 1,5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1,2 | 1,3,4 | 1,5 | 1 | 1,5 | 1,5 | 1 | 1,5 |
| Mississippi | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Missouri | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Montana | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | - | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | - |
| Nebraska | 7 | 1,3 | 4,5 | 7 | 7 | 2,4 | - | 7 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| Nevada | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | - | 2,5 | 2 | 7 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Physical Changes, 2 = Change in Approach or Method to Implement, 3 = Alternative Delivery Mechanisms or Funding Sources, 4 = Pilot Projects, 5 = Change in Approach to Public Outreach, 6 = Other, 7 = None). | |||||||||||||
| New Hampshire | 7 | 5 | 7 | 7 | - | 7 | 3 | 7 | 7 | - | 3,5 | 7 | 7 |
| New Jersey | 3 | 6 | 6 | 4,6 | 7 | 7 | 3,6 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 7 |
| New Mexico | 7 | 2 | 7 | 7 | - | 7 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 2 | - | 7 |
| New York | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Carolina | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| North Dakota | 7 | 7 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 1,5 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 7 |
| Ohio | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Oklahoma | 3,4 | 1,2,4,5 | 1,3,4 | 1,2 | 1 | 3,4 | 2,3,4 | 1,2,3,4,5 | 1,4 | 1,3,4,5 | 1,2,3,4,5 | 1,3,4 | 4 |
| Oregon | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 5,7 | 7 | 7 | 5 | 7 | 7 |
| Pennsylvania | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | - | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Rhode Island | 3 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 7 | 7 | - | 7 | 7 | 2 |
| South Carolina | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 7 |
| South Dakota | 7 | 6 | - | 7 | - | 4 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 7 |
| Tennessee | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Texas | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 3,5 | 3 | 7 |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
256
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Physical Changes, 2 = Change in Approach or Method to Implement, 3 = Alternative Delivery Mechanisms or Funding Sources, 4 = Pilot Projects, 5 = Change in Approach to Public Outreach, 6 = Other, 7 = None). | |||||||||||||
| Vermont | 1,2 | 1,2 | - | 1,2 | 1,2 | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1,2 |
| Virginia | 2,3 | 2,3 | - | 7 | 2,3 | 2,3 | 2,3 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 2,3 | - |
| Washington | 2,3 | 2,3 | 7 | 7 | - | 2,3 | 2,3 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 1,3 | 2,3 | 7 |
| West Virginia | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 7 |
| Wisconsin | 7 | 4,5 | 3,4 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 2,4 | 1,5 | 7 | 1,2,3,4,5 | 1,2,3,4,5 | 2 | 7 |
| Wyoming | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | - | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
Page
257
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-21. Individual DOT responses to Question 7 [types of modifications or alternative strategies for FHWA PSCs (Development Stage, Demonstration Stage, Assessment Stage, or Institutionalized)] - Crosscutting PSCs.
| Respondent | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Physical Changes, 2 = Change in Approach or Method to Implement, 3 = Alternative Delivery Mechanisms or Funding Sources, 4 = Pilot Projects, 5 = Change in Approach to Public Outreach, 6 = Other, 7 = None). | ||||
| Alabama | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Alaska | - | - | - | - |
| Arizona | 7 | 7 | - | 7 |
| Arkansas | 4 | 4 | 4 | - |
| California | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Colorado | - | - | - | - |
| Connecticut | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Delaware | 2,3 | - | 2,3,5 | 2,5 |
| District of Columbia | 1,2 | - | - | 1,2,3,4,5 |
| Florida | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | 1 | 1 | 1 | - |
| Idaho | - | - | - | - |
| Illinois | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
Page
258
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Physical Changes, 2 = Change in Approach or Method to Implement, 3 = Alternative Delivery Mechanisms or Funding Sources, 4 = Pilot Projects, 5 = Change in Approach to Public Outreach, 6 = Other, 7 = None). | ||||
| Indiana | 7 | 5 | 7 | 7 |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | 2 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Kentucky | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Louisiana | - | - | - | - |
| Maine | 7 | - | 7 | 7 |
| Maryland | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Massachusetts | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Michigan | - | - | - | - |
| Minnesota | 1,2 | 1,5 | 1,4 | 1,5 |
| Mississippi | 7 | 4 | 7 | 7 |
| Missouri | 7 | 3 | 7 | 5 |
| Montana | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Nebraska | 3,4 | 4 | 1,4 | 7 |
| Nevada | 1,2 | 4,5 | 4 | 7 |
| New Hampshire | 7 | 7 | - | 5 |
Page
259
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Physical Changes, 2 = Change in Approach or Method to Implement, 3 = Alternative Delivery Mechanisms or Funding Sources, 4 = Pilot Projects, 5 = Change in Approach to Public Outreach, 6 = Other, 7 = None). | ||||
| New Jersey | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| New Mexico | 2 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| New York | - | - | - | - |
| North Carolina | 7 | - | 7 | 7 |
| North Dakota | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Ohio | 1 | 6 | 1 | 6 |
| Oklahoma | 1,2,3,4 | - | 3,4 | 2,3,4,5 |
| Oregon | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Pennsylvania | 7 | 7 | 4 | 4 |
| Rhode Island | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| South Carolina | 7 | 7 | 7 | 5 |
| South Dakota | 7 | 7 | - | 7 |
| Tennessee | - | - | - | - |
| Texas | 3 | 7 | - | 7 |
| Utah | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | - | - | 7 | 7 |
Page
260
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Physical Changes, 2 = Change in Approach or Method to Implement, 3 = Alternative Delivery Mechanisms or Funding Sources, 4 = Pilot Projects, 5 = Change in Approach to Public Outreach, 6 = Other, 7 = None). | ||||
| Virginia | - | 7 | 7 | 3 |
| Washington | 7 | 2,3 | 7 | 7 |
| West Virginia | 1 | 7 | 4 | 4 |
| Wisconsin | 1,2,3 | 7 | 2,3 | 7 |
| Wyoming | 7 | 7 | 7 | - |
Page
261
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-22. Text responses for “Other” for Question 7 [types of modifications or alternative strategies for FHWA PSCs (Development Stage, Demonstration Stage, Assessment Stage, or Institutionalized)].
| FHWA PSC | Text Responses for “Other” |
|---|---|
| SSCs | Speed cameras on school zones are currently allowed by State law. RIDOT or State does not operate a program. They are administered at the municipal level with some oversight from the DOT. |
| VSLs | While we implemented VSLs along one interstate corridor as part of a “proof of concept” development of our ITS infrastructure, we do not plan to add more VSLs and will be removing existing locations as time allows. |
| VSLs | We had to get legislative changes made to allow this. Now that this has been completed, we let one project and the lone bid came in extremely high. We have another location we will be letting first hoping for better bids and then we’ll return to the original location. |
| Bicycle Lanes | I believe the agency has made some changes to address ByWay projects which provide bicycle lanes. I will need to check on the specifics. The VRU Safety Assessment will also provide recommendations to our existing programs. |
| Bicycle Lanes | Installed and maintained by municipalities, even on state highways. |
| Bicycle Lanes | Challenges with limited ROW resulting in breaks in bike lanes. Resolved with the need to sign for walk your bike in sidewalk. |
| Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | The VRU Safety Assessment along with the STEP Policy that we have adopted to find locations to enhance existing crosswalk visibility. |
| Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | Crosswalks are maintained by municipalities and it can sometimes be difficult to convince them to enhance markings with supplemental devices. |
| Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | Wider than standard, and decorative crosswalks |
| LPI | Go from LPI to Exclusive Pedestrian Phase |
| Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | VRU Safety Assessment tool will help the agency find and locat[e] the highest risk for VRU’s, and if a Median Pedestrian Refuge is lacking or needs upgrading, this will become a higher priority. |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| FHWA PSC | Text Responses for “Other” |
|---|---|
| Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | Challenges with panhandlers in the median leading to safety concerns |
| RRFBs | Since the State received the interim approval to use RRFB - this has become a widely requested safety improvement. We are currently looking ways to implement at existing crosswalks with the standard 12” flashing signal head. |
| Road Diets | Road Diets have been addressed through HSIP projects but there have also been inhouse pavement marking projects that the District/Area Engineers request through support of the locals. Most have been successful; however, we did have one that we needed to change due to the heavy truck traffic turning across left turn lanes. |
| Road Diets | Challenges with analyzing safety benefits using HSM. |
| Walkways | This is a difficult issue. Since the State Laws put the maintenance on the property owner unless the city has an ordinance to address this for the public, the state does not have much to say about sidewalk infrastructure. However, the TA program has funding at city request additional walkways through the application process and the VRU Safety Assessment will also try to prioritize walkways especially where gaps exist. |
| Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | NJ is reviewing the ‘mumble strips’ due to concerns with noise from standard rumble strips, especially close to residential areas. |
| Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Shoulder/edgeline rumbles exist on almost all state routes. Most resistance we have had to centerline rumble stripes has been internal. However, we did just lower the threshold for centerline rumble stripes to 500 ADT. |
| Median Barriers | Challenges with adding additional lanes if wider median barriers are replaced with Jersey barriers. |
| Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | Speed reduction and HFST |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| FHWA PSC | Text Responses for “Other” |
|---|---|
| Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Initially, there was a lot of push back from our locals to include reflective backplates. When we first requested that reflective backplates be included in projects, many of the cities refused this addition. Much of the reason was due to backplates cracking and breaking and the tape peeling off. The tape was not popular to add and the replacement of the border was labor intensive. We have had success where we are funding a signal upgrade and replacing the heads completely including the Reflective Backplates. Over the last several years, reflective backplates are more popular to go with because the project will replace the entire head and the backplates are vented steel with longer-lasting reflective strips. We are looking into another program to provide more funding to the locals to add more reflective backplates. Not all cities will be taking advantage of this newest program that has not begun. |
| Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Installing backplates traditionally requires a costly signal upgrade due to the wind loads, and the revised loading AASHTO standards, especially for aluminum and older steel installations. |
| Corridor Access Management | Property acquisitions and easements. |
| Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Requires public involvement and the need for right of way. Many of these locations are not easy locations to provide dedicated lefts or right turns. |
| Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Requires public involvement and the need for right of way. Many times, these are not popular projects and need extensive education to the public and political leaders. |
| Roundabouts | Requires public involvement and the need for right of way. Many times, these are not popular projects and need extensive education to the public and political leaders. |
| LRSPs | Provided guidance and Plan templates |
| RSA | Provided guidance and Audit templates |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-23. Individual DOT responses to Question 8 (variation in approaches to implementation of FHWA PSCs based on different regions or areas of the state).
| Respondent | Response Text |
|---|---|
| Alabama | No |
| Alaska | Yes |
| Arizona | Yes |
| Arkansas | No |
| California | No |
| Colorado | No |
| Connecticut | No |
| Delaware | No |
| District of Columbia | No |
| Florida | No |
| Georgia | Yes |
| Hawaii | Yes |
| Idaho | No |
| Illinois | Yes |
| Indiana | Yes |
| Iowa | - |
| Kansas | No |
| Kentucky | No |
| Louisiana | Yes |
| Maine | No |
| Maryland | No |
| Massachusetts | No |
| Michigan | Yes |
| Minnesota | Yes |
| Mississippi | No |
| Missouri | No |
Page
265
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Response Text |
|---|---|
| Montana | No |
| Nebraska | No |
| Nevada | Yes |
| New Hampshire | No |
| New Jersey | Yes |
| New Mexico | Yes |
| New York | Yes |
| North Carolina | Yes |
| North Dakota | No |
| Ohio | No |
| Oklahoma | Yes |
| Oregon | Yes |
| Pennsylvania | Yes |
| Rhode Island | No |
| South Carolina | No |
| South Dakota | No |
| Tennessee | Yes |
| Texas | No |
| Utah | - |
| Vermont | No |
| Virginia | No |
| Washington | Yes |
| West Virginia | Yes |
| Wisconsin | Yes |
| Wyoming | No |
NOTE: Summary of results: Yes = 21, No = 28; Total responses = 49.
Page
266
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-24. Individual DOT responses to Question 9 (factors affecting the implementation of FHWA PSCs within different areas or regions of the state).
| Respondent | Climate | Context/Area Type (urban, rural, suburban) | Differences in District or Region Policies | Input from local agencies | Land use context | Safety Performance (e.g., crash history, network screening, etc.) | Topography | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arizona | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arkansas | x | x | x | x | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | - | x | - | - | x | x | - | - |
| Idaho | - | x | x | x | x | x | x | - |
| Indiana | x | x | - | x | - | - | - | x |
| Iowa | - | x | x | x | x | - | - | - |
| Maine | - | x | x | x | x | x | - | - |
| Minnesota | x | x | - | x | - | x | - | - |
| Mississippi | x | x | x | x | x | x | - | - |
| New Hampshire | x | x | x | x | x | x | - | - |
| New Mexico | - | x | - | x | x | - | - | x |
| New York | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | - |
| North Carolina | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | - |
| North Dakota | - | x | x | x | - | - | x | - |
| Oregon | - | x | x | x | - | x | x | - |
| Pennsylvania | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | - |
| Rhode Island | - | x | x | x | x | x | - | - |
| Texas | - | x | - | x | - | - | x | - |
| West Virginia | x | x | x | x | x | x | x | - |
| Wisconsin | x | x | - | - | - | x | x | - |
| Wyoming | - | x | - | x | x | - | - | x |
| Count | 11 | 21 | 13 | 18 | 13 | 13 | 9 | 3 |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-25. Text responses for “Other” for Question 9 (factors affecting the implementation of FHWA PSCs within different areas or regions of the state).
| Text Responses for “Other” |
|---|
| Public acceptance is a critical role in some regions for various alternative intersection types. |
| Seasonal activities, local jurisdiction’s financial and staffing resource limitations |
| Population and AADT. Chicago and surrounding areas are different from downstate Illinois. |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-26. Individual DOT responses to Question 10 (FHWA PSCs that DOTs have stopped implementing) - Speed Management and Pedestrian / Bicyclist PSCs.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Median and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Configuration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Alaska | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arizona | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arkansas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| California | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Colorado | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Connecticut | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Delaware | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - |
| District of Columbia | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Florida | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Hawaii | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
269
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Median and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Configuration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Idaho | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Illinois | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - |
| Indiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kentucky | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Louisiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maine | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maryland | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Massachusetts | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Michigan | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Minnesota | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mississippi | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Missouri | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Median and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Configuration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Montana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nebraska | x | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nevada | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Hampshire | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Jersey | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Mexico | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New York | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Carolina | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| North Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Ohio | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Oklahoma | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Oregon | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - |
| Pennsylvania | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Rhode Island | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk Visibility Enhancements | LPI | Median and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Configuration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Carolina | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| South Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Tennessee | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Texas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Washington | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| West Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - |
| Wisconsin | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Wyoming | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Count | 1 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-27. Individual DOT responses to Question 10 (FHWA PSCs that DOTs have stopped implementing) - Roadway Departure, Intersection, and Crosscutting PSCs.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curve | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Applications of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA | None of the above |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Alaska | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Arizona | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - |
| Arkansas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| California | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Colorado | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Connecticut | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Delaware | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| District of Columbia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - |
| Florida | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Georgia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Hawaii | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curve | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Applications of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA | None of the above |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Idaho | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Illinois | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Indiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Iowa | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kansas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Kentucky | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Louisiana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Maine | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maryland | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Massachusetts | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Michigan | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Minnesota | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Mississippi | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Missouri | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
274
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curve | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Applications of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA | None of the above |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Montana | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nebraska | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - |
| Nevada | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| New Hampshire | - | - | - | - | x | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Jersey | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Mexico | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| New York | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| North Carolina | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| North Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Ohio | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Oklahoma | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Oregon | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Pennsylvania | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Rhode Island | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curve | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Applications of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA | None of the above |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Carolina | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| South Dakota | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Tennessee | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Texas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x | - | - |
| Utah | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Vermont | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Washington | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| West Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Wisconsin | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Wyoming | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | x |
| Count | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 29 |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-28. Individual DOT responses to Question 11 (factors contributing to DOTs’ decisions to stop using FHWA PSCs) - Speed Management and Pedestrian / Bicyclist PSCs.
| Respondent | Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | SSCs | VSLs | Bicycle Lanes | Crosswalk visibility Enhancements | LPI | Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands in Urban and Suburban Areas | PHBs | RRFBs | Road Diets (Roadway Reconfiguration) | Walkways |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Lack of Information on Benefits, 2 = Increased Emphasis on Other Safety Countermeasures or Initiatives, 3 = Cost to Implement, 4 = Stakeholder Concerns, 5 = Other). | |||||||||||
| Arizona | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Delaware | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4,5 | - | - | - |
| District of Columbia | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Illinois | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4 | - | - | - |
| Kentucky | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maine | - | 4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Minnesota | - | - | 1,2,3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Missouri | - | - | 4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nebraska | 4,5 | 4,5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Hampshire | - | - | 3,5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Jersey | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Oregon | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4,5 | - | - | - |
| Texas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| West Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4 | - | - | - |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-29. Individual DOT responses to Question 11 (factors contributing to DOTs’ decisions to stop using FHWA PSCs) - Roadway Departure, Intersection, and Crosscutting PSCs.
| Respondent | Enhanced Delineation for Horizontal Curves | Longitudinal Rumble Strips and Stripes on Two-Lane Roads | Median Barriers | Roadside Design Improvements at Curves | SafetyEdge | Wider Edge Lines | Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | Corridor Access Management | Dedicated Left- and Right-Turn Lanes at Intersections | Reduced Left-Turn Conflict Intersections | Roundabouts | Systemic Application of Multiple Low-Cost Countermeasures at Stop-Controlled Intersections | Yellow Change Intervals | Lighting | LRSPs | Pavement Friction Management | RSA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1 = Lack of Information on Benefits, 2 = Increased Emphasis on Other Safety Countermeasures or Initiatives, 3 = Cost to Implement, 4 = Stakeholder Concerns, 5 = Other). | |||||||||||||||||
| Arizona | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | - |
| Delaware | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| District of Columbia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | - |
| Illinois | - | - | - | - | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Kentucky | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Maine | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Minnesota | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2,3,4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Missouri | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Nebraska | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2,4,5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4,5 | - |
| New Hampshire | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| New Jersey | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Oregon | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Texas | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3,4 | - |
| West Virginia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Page
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-30. Text responses for “Other” for Question 11 (factors contributing to DOTs’ decisions to stop using FHWA PSCs).
| FHWA PSC | Text Responses for “Other” |
|---|---|
| Appropriate Speed Limits for All Road Users | We tested USLIMITS2 and found that the results were similar to our current process of using the 85th percentile observed speed per the MUTCD. We didn’t see value for the additional effort. |
| SSCs | Enforcement laws |
| SSCs | This countermeasure is not allowed by state law. |
| SSCs | Needs legislation |
| VSLs | Answered previously, but it came down to cost to maintain versus the perceived benefit. Our VSL implementation was used nearly exclusively during storm events so that the road condition contributed to the reduced speed, with or without VSLs. |
| PHBs | Driver/Motorist confusion led to low yield/compliance rates. |
| PHBs | Concerns that the treatment causes confusion for users |
| SafetyEdge | Answered previously, but our pavement program does not include pavement thickness adequate for installing SafetyEdge. |
| Backplates with Retroreflective Borders | The traffic signals engineer does not trust the safety outcomes noted in the countermeasures research. |
| Pavement Friction Management | Poor experience during testing and effects treatment has on pavement life cycle |
| Pavement Friction Management | We have had delamination issues with a few HFSTs, so we are no longer implementing this countermeasure at new locations. |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-31. Individual DOT responses to Question 12 (development of policies, processes, procedures, or tools that consider and prioritize FHWA PSCs for implementation).
| Respondent | Response Text |
|---|---|
| Alabama | No |
| Alaska | Yes |
| Arizona | No |
| Arkansas | No |
| California | Yes |
| Colorado | No |
| Connecticut | Yes |
| Delaware | No |
| District of Columbia | Yes |
| Florida | Yes |
| Georgia | Yes |
| Hawaii | No |
| Idaho | No |
| Illinois | No |
| Indiana | Yes |
| Iowa | - |
| Kansas | Yes |
| Kentucky | Yes |
| Louisiana | Yes |
| Maine | No |
| Maryland | No |
| Massachusetts | Yes |
| Michigan | No |
| Minnesota | Yes |
| Mississippi | No |
| Missouri | Yes |
| Montana | Yes |
| Nebraska | Yes |
| Nevada | No |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Response Text |
|---|---|
| New Hampshire | No |
| New Jersey | Yes |
| New Mexico | Yes |
| New York | Yes |
| North Carolina | Yes |
| North Dakota | Yes |
| Ohio | No |
| Oklahoma | Yes |
| Oregon | Yes |
| Pennsylvania | Yes |
| Rhode Island | Yes |
| South Carolina | No |
| South Dakota | Yes |
| Tennessee | No |
| Texas | Yes |
| Utah | - |
| Vermont | No |
| Virginia | Yes |
| Washington | No |
| West Virginia | No |
| Wisconsin | Yes |
| Wyoming | No |
NOTE: Summary of results: Yes = 28, No = 21; Total responses = 49.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Table B-32. Individual DOT responses to Question 13 (willingness to participate in a case example).
| Respondent | Response Text |
|---|---|
| Alabama | No |
| Alaska | No |
| Arizona | Yes |
| Arkansas | No |
| California | Yes |
| Colorado | No |
| Connecticut | Yes |
| Delaware | Yes |
| District of Columbia | Yes |
| Florida | Yes |
| Georgia | No |
| Hawaii | No |
| Idaho | No |
| Illinois | Yes |
| Indiana | No |
| Iowa | - |
| Kansas | No |
| Kentucky | Yes |
| Louisiana | No |
| Maine | No |
| Maryland | No |
| Massachusetts | No |
| Michigan | Yes |
| Minnesota | Yes |
| Mississippi | No |
| Missouri | Yes |
| Montana | No |
| Nebraska | Yes |
| Nevada | Yes |
| New Hampshire | Yes |
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
| Respondent | Response Text |
|---|---|
| New Jersey | No |
| New Mexico | No |
| New York | Yes |
| North Carolina | Yes |
| North Dakota | No |
| Ohio | Yes |
| Oklahoma | Yes |
| Oregon | Yes |
| Pennsylvania | Yes |
| Rhode Island | No |
| South Carolina | No |
| South Dakota | No |
| Tennessee | No |
| Texas | Yes |
| Utah | - |
| Vermont | Yes |
| Virginia | Yes |
| Washington | No |
| West Virginia | No |
| Wisconsin | Yes |
| Wyoming | No |
NOTE: Summary of results: Yes = 24, No = 25; Total responses = 49.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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doi: 10.17226/28855.
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"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Page
279
Share
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Page
280
Share
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Page
281
Share
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
Page
282
Share
Suggested Citation:
"Appendix B: List of Responding DOTs and Individual Survey Responses from DOTs." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Implementation of Federal Highway Administration Proven Safety Countermeasures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/28855.
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