An ad-hoc committee will plan and conduct a one-day public workshop. The workshop will feature invited presentations and discussions to review the current state of science on political and strategic reasoning, both traditional and alternative perspectives, with a focus on examining the role of political or economic actors, structures, and/or contexts within which they exist (e.g., domestic, international, transnational). The workshop will explore the varied methods or techniques to discern between correlation and causation. The committee will plan and organize the workshop, select speakers and discussants, and moderate the discussions at the workshop. The workshop will be part of a set of workshops designed to gather information for the Decadal Survey of Social and Behavioral Sciences for Applications to National Security. Proceedings of the workshop will be prepared by a designated rapporteur in accordance with institutional guidelines.