Triennial Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative: Phase II

Consensus

Download PDF

Paperback - $42.30
Ebook - $34.19

The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) is a multiagency, multidisciplinary federal initiative comprising a collection of research programs and other activities funded by the participating agencies and linked by the vision of "a future in which the ability to understand and control matter at the nanoscale leads to a revolution in technology and industry that benefits society." As first stated in the 2004 NNI strategic plan, the participating agencies intend to make progress in realizing that vision by working toward four goals. Planning, coordination, and management of the NNI are carried out by the interagency Nanoscale Science, Engineering, and Technology (NSET) Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) Committee on Technology (CoT) with support from the National Nanotechnology Coordination Office (NNCO).

Triennial Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative is the latest National Research Council review of the NNI, an assessment called for by the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act of 2003. The overall objective of the review is to make recommendations to the NSET Subcommittee and the NNCO that will improve the NNI's value for basic and applied research and for development of applications in nanotechnology that will provide economic, societal, and national security benefits to the United States. In its assessment, the committee found it important to understand in some detail—and to describe in its report—the NNI's structure and organization; how the NNI fits within the larger federal research enterprise, as well as how it can and should be organized for management purposes; and the initiative's various stakeholders and their roles with respect to research. Because technology transfer, one of the four NNI goals, is dependent on management and coordination, the committee chose to address the topic of technology transfer last, following its discussion of definitions of success and metrics for assessing progress toward achieving the four goals and management and coordination. Addressing its tasks in this order would, the committee hoped, better reflect the logic of its approach to review of the NNI. Triennial Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative also provides concluding remarks in the last chapter.

Publication information

186 pages · 7 x 10 · paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-26922-9
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-26924-5
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17226/18271

Suggested citation

National Research Council. 2013. Triennial Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

Import this citation to:

Carol A. Handwerker

Carol A. Handwerker is the Reinhardt Schuhmann, Jr. Professor of Materials Engineering at Purdue University, having joined Purdue in August, 2005, after serving for nine years as Chief of the NIST Metallurgy Division. Professor Handwerker's research is focused on the thermodynamics and kinetics of interface processes, with applications to microelectronics, nanoelectronics, and printed electronics. She received a B.A. in Art History from Wellesley College, and an S.B. in Materials Science and Engineering, an S.M. in Ceramics, and an Sc.D degree in Ceramics from MIT. Following a year's postdoctoral research on electronic packaging at MIT, she joined NBS in 1984 as an NRC-NBS Postdoctoral Research Associate, working on the relationship between stress and diffusion in solids and on composition effects on sintering and grain growth. She became a permanent staff member at NBS in 1986, Group Leader of the Materials Structure and Characterization Group in 1994, and Division Chief of the Metallurgy Division in March, 1996. She is a Fellow of ASM, International and of the American Ceramic Society (ACS), and is past Chair of the ACerS Basic Science Division. She serves on the Technical Advisory Committee and the Environmental Leadership Steering Committee for iNEMI, and has served on numerous other boards, including the Board of Trustees of the Gordon Research Conferences, the Advisory Committees of Carnegie Mellon University's Mesoscale Interface Mapping Project and of MIT's Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and the Editorial Board for the Annual Reviews of Materials Research. She has written over 100 scientific publications. Expertise includes: materials science and engineering; and research management.

Michael N. Helmus

Michael Helmus is a Senior Manager at Exponent in Natick, Massachusetts. Dr. Helmus has over 28 years managing the R&D and Business Development of medical and controlled drug delivery devices. He focuses on developing commercialization strategies of potentially disruptive technology as well as managing intellectual property development (36 issued US patents) and supporting patent litigation. Many of his patents are focused on utilizing nanotechnology to improve the functionality of medical devices. He supports testing and regulatory submissions and performs due diligence evaluations of medical devices, biomedical materials (synthetic and biologic), biodegradable compositions, controlled drug delivery, nanotechnology, medical technology, and tissue engineering. Dr. Helmus is an expert in biomaterials, biocompatiblity and biomaterial databases (Committee Chair, ASM International, Materials for Medical Devices Database). His medical device experience includes: Drug eluting stents and coatings, large and small diameter vascular grafts, mechanical and biologic heart valves, central venous catheters, wound dressings, sealants such as fibrin sealant, and percutaneous connectors. He has presented and written on commercializing nanotechnology. He has a Ph.D., MS Biomedical Engineering, from Case Western Reserve University, Timken Honors Fellow and a B.S. in Metallurgy & Materials Science, Lehigh University, Highest Honors; Departmental Honors; Phi Beta Kappa; Tau Beta Pi. His professional activities include: Adjunct Asst. Professor, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Inst.; Fellow of the American Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering; Science Advisory Board, U. Mass. Boston. Expertise includes: research management; technology development; technology insertion; manufacturing processes and management.

Ilesanmi Adesida

Professor Ilesanmi Adesida [NAE] is Dean and Willett Professor of Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the University of California, Berkeley in 1974, 1975, and 1979, respectively. From 1979 to 1984, he worked in various capacities at what is now known as the Cornell Nanofabrication Facility and the School of Electrical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. He was the Head of the Electrical Engineering Department at Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria, from 1985 to 1987. He then joined the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he is a Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Professor of Materials Science and Engineering, Director of the Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology and the Dean of the College of Engineering He served as the Director of the Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory from 2000 to 2005 and the Associate Director for Education of the NSF Engineering Research Center for Compound Semiconductor Microelectronics from 1990 to 1997. In collaboration with colleagues, his efforts led to the award of the NSF Nanomanufacturing Center to the University of Illinois in 2003. His research interests include nanofabrication processes and ultra-high-speed optoelectronics with experience in the development of novel processes for wide bandgap materials such as silicon carbide and gallium nitride for communication and high power systems. He has also worked on ultra-high-speed photodetectors and photoreceivers in various materials systems. He has published over 350 journal papers and presented over 250 plenary, invited, and contributed conference papers. Professor Adesida has chaired many international conferences including serving as the Program Chair of the International Symposium on Electron, Ion and Photon Beams in 1994 and Program and General Chair of the Electronic Materials Conference from 2000 to 2003. He is a Past President of the IEEE Electron Device Society. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), the American Vacuum Society (AVS), Optical Society of America (OSA), and Materials Research Society (MRS). He is a member of the ASEE Engineering Deans Executive Board and the Chair of its Public Policy Committee in 2010-2011. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) and has served as a Consultant and Director for many companies. Expertise includes: nanotechnology and research management.

Joanna Aizenberg

Joanna Aizenberg, Amy Smith Berylson Professor of Materials Science; Professor of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Radcliffe Professor and the Director of the Kavli Institute for Bionano Science and Technology at Harvard University, pursues a broad range of research interests that include biomimetics, self-assembly, smart materials, crystal engineering, surface chemistry, nanofabrication, biomineralization, biomechanics and biooptics. She received the B.S. degree in Chemistry in 1981, the M.S. degree in Physical Chemistry in 1984 from Moscow State University, and the Ph.D. degree in Structural Biology from the Weizmann Institute of Science in 1996.

Prior to her appointment at Harvard, Aizenberg was at Bell Labs/Lucent Technologies. She made several pioneering contributions, including the development of new biomimetic approaches for the synthesis of ordered mineral films with highly controlled shapes and orientations; and the discovery of unique optical systems formed by organisms (microlenses and optical fibers) that outshine their technological analogs. Currently she has extended her program to developing new, adaptive materials that respond to their environment.

Aizenberg’s selected awards include:
- Distinguished and Award Lectureships from the Northwestern University, U Kentucky, Dalhousie U, Molecular Foundry-LBNL, NYU, U Minnesota, UCSB;
- Fred Kavli Distinguished Lectureship in Nanoscience, Materials Research Society 2009;
- Van’t Hoff Award Lectureship, Dutch Royal Academy, 2009;
- Ronald Breslow Award for the Achievement in Biomimetic Chemistry, ACS 2008;
- Industrial Innovation Award, American Chemical Society 2007;
- Lucent Chairman’s Award, 2005;
- New Investigator Award in Chemistry and Biology of Mineralized Tissues, 2001;
- Arthur K. Doolittle Award, American Chemical Society 1999;
- Award of the Max-Planck Society in Biology and Materials Science, 1995.

Aizenberg is a AAAS Fellow; she has served at the Board of Directors of the Materials Research Society and at the Board on Physics and Astronomy of the National Academies. She is serving on the Advisory Board of Langmuir and Chemistry of Materials.

Robert R. Doering

Dr. Robert Doering is a Senior Fellow and Research Manager at Texas Instruments. He is also a member of TI’s Technical Advisory Board, Kilby Labs Review Board, External Development and Manufacturing Leadership Team, and Executive University Research Steering Team. His previous positions at TI include: Manager of CMOS and DRAM Process Development, Director of the Microelectronics Manufacturing Science and Technology (MMST) Program, Director of Scaled-Technology Integration, Manager of Future-Factory Strategy, and Manager of Technology Strategy. He received a B.S. degree in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1968 and a Ph.D. in physics from Michigan State University in 1974. He joined TI in 1980, after several years on the faculty of the Physics Department at the University of Virginia. His physics research was on nuclear reactions and was highlighted by the discovery of the Giant Spin-Isospin Resonance in heavy nuclei in 1973 and by pioneering experiments in medium-energy heavy-ion reactions in the late 70’s. His early work at Texas Instruments was on SRAM, DRAM, and NMOS/CMOS device physics and process-flow design. Management responsibilities during his first 10 years at TI included overall CMOS and DRAM device/process technology development as well as advanced lithography R&D. The teams which he led developed the first process flows integrating silicide-clad, lightly-doped-drain, shallow-trench-isolated, CMOS transistors, which were forerunners of all modern sub-micron CMOS devices. Non-planar (doped-face trench) DRAM bit cells were also developed under his leadership.
The MMST Program was a $100M+, 5-year R&D effort, funded by DARPA, the U.S. Air Force, and Texas Instruments, which developed a wide range of new technologies for advanced semiconductor manufacturing. The major highlight of the program was the demonstration of sub-3-day cycle time (still a world record) for manufacturing 350-nm CMOS integrated circuits in 1993. This was principally enabled by the development of: (1) 100% single-wafer processing, including rapid-thermal processing (RTP), and (2) computer-integrated-manufacturing (CIM), including real-time, in-situ process control. The subsequent commercialization of MMST technologies has had a major impact on semiconductor manufacturing. Dr. Doering is an IEEE Fellow and Chair of the Semiconductor Manufacturing Technical Committee of the IEEE Electron Devices Society. He is also a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) and Chair of the Corporate Associates Advisory Committee of the American Institute of Physics. In addition, he is Chair of the Governing Council of the Nanoelectronics Research Initiative (NRI) consortium. Dr. Doering was a member of the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) committee that founded the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) and is one of the two U.S. representatives to the International Roadmap Committee, which currently governs the ITRS. He also served on the SIA committees that founded the Focus Center Research Program (FCRP) and NRI consortia of the Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC) as well as on the APS committee that founded the Forum on Industrial and Applied Physics (FIAP). He is a former member of the SRC Board of Directors, and, overall, has served on 88 industry/university/government boards, advisory committees, and study groups. He has also authored/presented 232 publications and invited papers/talks and has 20 U.S. patents.

Lee Fleming

Dr. Lee Fleming is the Faculty Director of the Fung Institute for Engineering Leadership in the College of Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley. He designs and teaches engineering leadership courses and advises multi-disciplinary engineering commercialization projects for masters and professional students.
Dr. Fleming earned his B.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of California at Davis. He then spent seven years at Hewlett Packard Company in research, design, manufacturing, and application engineering. He has published in Hewlett Packard’s technical literature and holds two patents in the area of custom integrated circuit testing. During his time at Hewlett Packard, Dr. Fleming earned an M.S. in Engineering Management from Stanford University in the Honors Cooperative Program. He received his Ph.D. in Organizational Behavior in the Department of Industrial Engineering at Stanford. He also completed an M.S. in Statistics during his doctoral years.
Dr. Fleming’s research investigates how managers can increase their organization's chances of inventing a breakthrough, through types of collaboration, the integration of scientific and empirical search strategies, and the recombination of diverse technologies. Dr. Fleming’s research has appeared in Management Science, Administration Science Quarterly, Research Policy, Organization Science, Industrial and Corporate Change, Strategic Management Journal, and the Harvard Business, California Management, and Sloan Management Review practitioner journals. His awards include the best student paper in the Academy of Management technology division, the Richard R. Nelson Prize of 2005 (with Olav Sorenson), the 2007 Accenture Award for the best paper in California Management Review (with Matt Marx), and the 2011 Strategic Management Society Conference Best Paper Award (with Ken Younge and Tony Tong). He won the 2009 Apgar Award at the Harvard Business School for innovation in teaching (with Joe Lassiter and Forest Reinhardt). He is Department Editor of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Section at Management Science.
Dr. Fleming is currently on leave from his position as the Albert J. Weatherhead III Professor of Business Administration at Harvard University. He joined the Harvard Business School faculty in 1998. He designed and teaches the course “Inventing Breakthroughs and Commercializing Science”, which integrates business, science, engineering, and medical students from across the university in multi-disciplinary science commercialization projects. He has also taught Technology and Operations Management, Managing Innovation and Product Development, Building Green Businesses, executive education courses in innovation and product development and intellectual property, doctoral courses and seminars research methods and innovation, and a university seminar in Applied Statistical Methods.

Paul A. Fleury

Paul A. Fleury is the Frederick William Beinecke Professor of Engineering and Applied Physics, and Professor of Physics at Yale University. He is the founding Director of the Yale Institute for Nanoscience and Quantum Engineering. He served as Dean of Engineering at Yale from 2000 until January 2008. Prior to joining Yale Dr. Fleury was Dean of the School of Engineering at the University of New Mexico from January 1996 following 30 years at AT&T Bell Laboratories. At Bell Laboratories he was director of three different research divisions covering physics, materials and materials processing research between 1979 and 1996. During 1992 and 1993 he was Vice President for Research and Exploratory Technology at Sandia National Laboratories, responsible for research in physical sciences, high performance computing, engineering sciences, pulsed power, microelectronics, photonics, materials and process engineering, and computer networking.
Dr. Fleury is the author of more than 130 scientific publications on non-linear optics, spectroscopy and phase transformations in condensed matter systems and has co-edited three books. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science; and a member of the National Academy of Engineering, the National Academy of Sciences and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He received the 1985 Michelson-Morley Award and the 1992 Frank Isakson Prize of the American Physical Society for his research on optical phenomena and phase transitions in condensed matter systems.
He has been a member of numerous National Research Council study panels, including that of the 2007 National Nanotechnology Initiative review, “A Matter of Size”. He has served on the Secretary of Energy’s “Laboratory Operations Board” and the University of California President’s Council on the National Laboratories. He has also served on review committees for Brookhaven, Lawrence Berkeley, Sandia and Los Alamos National Laboratories. He is currently active on Sandia and LANL committees in addition to his service on the Visiting Committee for Advanced Technology for the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the Board on Physics and Astronomy of the National Academy of Sciences. He received his Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees in 1960 and 1962 from John Carroll University, and his doctorate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1965 - all in Physics.

Liesl Folks

Liesl Folks has a PhD in Physics from The University of Western Australia, and an MBA from Cornell. She first moved to the US to join IBM Almaden Research Center in 1997, and later transitioned to Hitachi Global Storage Technologies through a corporate acquisition that was finalized in 2004. Her field of expertise is Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, and her significant technical contributions are in the fields of nanostructured permanent magnetic materials, bit patterned recording media, magnetic force microscopy, spin transfer torque device physics, and semiconductor-based non-magnetic field sensors. Currently she manages Advanced Media Technologies development program within Hitachi Global Storage Technologies. She is also President-Elect of the IEEE Magnetics Society, and maintains an active collaborative links with academics in relevant fields.

Robert Hull

Robert Hull is the Henry Burlage Professor and Head of the Materials Science and Engineering Department at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, which he joined in January 2008. He received a Ph.D. in Materials Science from Oxford University in 1983. He then spent ten years at AT&T Laboratories in the Physics Research Division. He next joined the faculty of the Materials Science and Engineering Department at the University of Virginia, where he was the Charles Henderson Professor of Engineering, Director of the National Science Foundation Center on “Nanoscopic Materials Design”, and Director of the University’s Institute for Nanoscale and Quantum Engineering, Science and Technology (NanoQuest). His recent research focuses upon the development of new techniques for nanoscale assembly, fabrication and characterization using focused ion and electron beams, with particular emphasis on epitaxial semiconductor structures and applications to nanoelectronics. He has published well over 250 journal and conference papers, edited several books and proceedings in the fields of semiconductor materials and devices, given about one hundred keynote and invited talks at national and international conferences, and presented over one hundred additional seminars at universities and government and industrial laboratories. He is a member of multiple editorial and advisory boards, a Fellow of the American Physical Society and of the Materials Research Society, a Member of the European Academy of Sciences, and has served as president of the Materials Research Society. He has served on multiple national committees, including serving as the Chair of a Committee of Visitors for the Division of Materials Science at NSF.

Jacqueline A. Isaacs

Jacqueline A. Isaacs is a Professor in the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at Northeastern University and an Associate Director of the NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center for High-rate Nanomanufacturing (CHN) – a collaborative partnership among Northeastern University, the University of Massachusetts Lowell and the University of New Hampshire. She leads the Responsible Manufacturing Research Thrust for the CHN. Isaacs is responsible for her own research on assessing economic and environmental tradeoffs in nanomanufacturing, as well as oversight of a team of faculty in political science, philosophy and worker safety. The goal of this research is to concurrently assess the regulatory, economic, environmental and ethical issues facing the development of nanomanufacturing processes. Dr Isaacs’ research group works on life cycle assessment of various processes under development and assesses alternatives to uncover more environmentally benign processes or products. Her 1998 NSF Career Award was one of the first that focused on environmentally benign manufacturing. Dr. Isaacs also guides research on development and assessment of educational computer games. She received a B.S. from Carnegie Mellon University and S.M and Sc.D. degrees in Materials Science and Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She has been recognized by Northeastern University, receiving the President’s Aspiration Award in 2005 and a University-wide Excellence in Teaching Award in 2000. Expertise includes: nanotechnology; materials science and engineering; manufacturing processes and management.

Donald H. Levy

Donald H. Levy, Albert A. Michelson Distinguished Service Professor in Chemistry, is the University of Chicago’s Vice President for Research and for National Laboratories; CEO of UChicago Argonne, LLC; Vice-chairman of the Board of Governors for Argonne; and a Member of the Board of Directors for Fermilab.
Named to the University position in 2007, Levy’s responsibilities include oversight of the management contracts for both Argonne National Laboratory and Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the Office of Technology and Intellectual Policy, the Office of University Research Administration, University-Argonne Research Centers and all issues related to Human Subjects Research. The annual research budget of the University is more than $400 million. The combined annual research budget for Argonne and Fermilab is $900 million.
In addition to his responsibilities for research across the University and Argonne campuses, Levy chairs the Science Policy Council, a collaboration with Argonne, Northwestern University and the University of Illinois, established in 2005 to enhance Argonne’s scientific capabilities, to strengthen the state’s technological base and workforce preparation, and to improve Illinois’ ability to compete for federal research funding.
Levy joined the University of Chicago faculty in 1967. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He is a former Chairman of the Chemistry Department and he played an important leadership role in planning the new Gordon Center for Integrative Science. A physical chemist, Levy was a leader in developing and using supersonic jet cooling to study the structure of molecules.
Levy was editor of the Journal of Chemical Physics from 1998–2008. His awards include the E. Bright Wilson Award in Spectroscopy and the Ellis Lippincott Award from the Optical Society of America

Celia I. Merzbacher

Celia Merzbacher is the Vice-President for Innovative Partnerships at the Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC). Dr. Merzbacher is primarily responsible for developing novel partnerships with stakeholders in government and the private sector in support of SRC's research and education goals. Prior to joining SRC, Dr. Merzbacher was Assistant Director for Technology R&D in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), where she coordinated and advised on a range of issues, including nanotechnology, technology transfer, technical standards, and intellectual property. At OSTP she oversaw the National Nanotechnology Initiative, the multiagency Federal program for nanotechnology research and development. She also served as Executive Director of the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, which is composed of leaders from academia, industry and other research organizations, and advises the President on technology, scientific research priorities, and math and science education. Previously, Dr. Merzbacher was on the staff of the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) in Washington D.C. As a research scientist at NRL, she developed advanced optical materials, for which she received a number of patents. She also worked in the NRL Technology Transfer Office where she was responsible for managing NRL intellectual property. Dr. Merzbacher served on the Board of Directors of the American National Standards Institute and led the U.S. delegation to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Working Party on Nanotechnology. Dr. Merzbacher received her BS in geology from Brown University and MS and Ph.D. in geochemistry and mineralogy from The Pennsylvania State University. Expertise includes: nanotechnology; research management; and technology transfer/commercialization.

Dr. Omkaram Nalamasu

Dr. Omkaram (Om) Nalamasu is the Chief Technology Officer (CTO) for Applied Materials, Inc. In this role, he reports to chairman and CEO Mike Splinter and provides critical technological insight to maintain Applied’s technology leadership in the industries it serves. Nalamasu leads company’s R&D and innovation strategies, funding of global academia and consortia, venture capital investments into start-ups, as well as value-added strategic partnerships with academia, research institutes, customers, supply chain partners and government funding agencies.
He previously was Vice president of Research and a NYSTAR (New York State Foundation for Science, Technology and Innovation) distinguished professor of materials science and engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI). At Rensselaer, he conceived and founded the Center for Computational Nanotechnology Innovations (CCNI), a $100 million program that created world’s fastest university based computing center at RPI in partnership with NY State and IBM. He was also the founding director of $20 million Center for Future Energy Systems that was created to help meet 25% of New York State’s energy needs from renewable sources by the year 2012.
Prior to joining RPI in 2002, Dr. Nalamasu was the CTO of the New Jersey Nanotechnology Consortium, Nation’s first public/private nonprofit enterprise to foster pre competitive nanotechnology research with Bell Labs, NJ State, and other academic and industrial partners. From 1986-2002, He has held key R&D leadership positions at AT&T Bell Laboratories, Bell Laboratories/Lucent Technologies, and Agere Systems.
Dr. Nalamasu is a recognized expert in materials science and technology with over 180 publications, review articles, book chapters, 2 books, and has ~50 issued or filed patents. He won several national and international awards including: the 2004 ACS Roy W. Tess Award; the 2000 ACS Team Innovation Award; the 1998 Japan Photopolymer Science and Technology Award; two R&D 100 Awards; and the 1997 Bell Labs President’s Gold Medal.
Dr. Nalamasu is a member of the Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC), San Jose Tech Museum and Plextronics board of directors, and the National Academies Panel on Materials Science and Engineering, as well as several technical advisory boards and university advisory committees. He received his Ph.D. from the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Wolfgang Porod

Wolfgang Porod is the Frank M. Freimann Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of Notre Dame. He received his Diploma (M.S.) and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Graz, Austria, in 1979 and 1981, respectively. After appointments as a postdoctoral fellow at Colorado State University and as a senior research analyst at Arizona State University, he joined the University of Notre Dame in 1986. He is the recipient of the EE department 2000 Joel and Ruth Spira Award for Excellence in Teaching, and the College of Engineering 2005 Kaneb Teaching Award. He now also serves as the Director of Notre Dame’s Center for Nano Science and Technology. His research interests are in the area of nanoelectronics, with an emphasis on new circuit concepts for novel devices. He is the co-inventor of the “Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata” (QCA) concept, which is a new way of representing information by electronic charge configurations at the molecular level. In recent years, he has demonstrated nanomagnetic implementations of the original QCA concept, which now is known as “Nanomagnet Logic” (NML). NML is one of the emerging device technologies pursued by the Nanoelectronics Research Initiative (NRI) sponsored by the Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC). He has authored some 300 publications and presentations. He is a Fellow of the IEEE and he has served as the Vice President for Publications on the IEEE Nanotechnology Council and as an Associate Editor for the IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology. He has been active in organizing Special Sessions and Tutorials, and as a speaker in IEEE Distinguished Lecturer Programs. In 2009, he was awarded a Hans Fischer Senior Fellowship with the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) at the Technical University of Munich (TUM), which is sponsored by the German Excellence Initiative. In Germany, he was a participant of a study group on “Nanoelectronics as a Future Key Technology for Information and Communication Technologies in Germany” organized by acatech, the German National Academy of Science and Engineering. Expertise includes: nanotechnology; materials science and engineering; and research management.

Alan Rae

Alan Rae is Managing Member at TPF Enterprises LLC, a technology commercialization and business development company he founded in 2009, based at the UB Technology Incubator. He has worked in the electronics, ceramics, nanotechnology and “clean tech” industries for over 25 years in the UK and USA, managing global businesses and technology development at a startup, operating company and corporate level. Alan is active in electronics industry associations and standards work. He is Director of Research for iNEMI and is also active with SMTA, IMAPS, IPC, and JISSO. He holds Director and VP positions with 4 new companies and consults for two Fortune 100 companies in alternative energy. He is Technical Editor for Global Solar Technology, a leading alternative energy publication, is an Entrepreneur in Residence with NYSERDA and a member of the Directed Assistance Committee for NYSERDA’s Directed Energy Program. Expertise includes: nanotechnology; research management; technology insertion; manufacturing processes and management; economics.

Elsa Reichmanis

Elsa Reichmanis [NAE] is a Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Prior to joining Georgia Tech, she was Director or Materials Research at Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent. She is noted for the discovery, development, and engineering leadership of new families of lithographic materials and processes that enable VLSI manufacturing. Her research interests include the design and development of polymeric and hybrid organic/inorganic materials for electronic and photonic applications. A particular focus relates to organic/polymer semiconducting materials and processes for plastic electronics and photovoltaics. She is the recipient of several awards, was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1995 and has participated in several National Research Council (NRC) activities. She currently serves as a member of the NSF Math and Physical Sciences Advisory Committee, she recently served as co-chair of the NRC Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology, and was a member of the Visiting Committee on Advanced Technology of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). She is an elected member of the Bureau of the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). She has been active in the American Chemical Society throughout her career, having served as 2003 President of the Society. In other technical activities, she served as a member of the Air Force Scientific Advisory Board, and is an Associate Editor of the ACS journal, Chemistry of Materials. Expertise includes: materials science and engineering; technology development; technology insertion; manufacturing processes and management.

Judith Stein

Dr. Judith Stein obtained her B.A. in chemistry from Douglass College and a Ph.D. in inorganic chemistry under the mentorship of Prof. John Fackler at CWRU. After an IBM sponsored postdoctoral fellowship with Prof. Earl Muetterties at UC Berkeley, she joined GE in 1982. Judith has over 29 years of experience in silicone chemistry materials science, surface science, catalysis and nanoscience. Judy has contributed to a variety of commercialized GE products including: Silicone II construction sealant, LIM 8040 liquid silicone rubber, and UV 9305 and SL 6000 release coatings. Judith has served as the PI on numerous government contracts, including a DARPA contract in which a team comprised of industry, government, and university partners developed foul release coatings technology that was commercialized by Fuji Hunt Smart Surfaces. In 2001, Judith became one of the founding members of the Nanotechnology AT program, where she benchmarked nanotechnology efforts worldwide. Previous research areas include: superhydrophobic coatings, ice-phobic coatings, magnetic cell separations, and contrast agent-mediated therapy. She is currently the Associate director of the Energy Frontier Research Center for Electrocatalysis, Transport Phenomena, and Innovative Materials for Energy Storage, as well as serving as the Technical Regulations and Standards Advocacy Leader at GE GRC. She served 2 terms on the Technical Advisory Group to the President’s Council of Advisors to Science and Technology. She also serves on the Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences board and the editorial board of Biofouling. She co-authored the Research Directions II-Long Term Research & Development Opportunities in Nanotechnology, Report of the National Nanotechnology Initiative Workshop and the Chemical Industry R&D Roadmap for Nanomaterials by Design: From Fundamentals to Function. Judith has chaired numerous conferences including the NSF Inorganic Chemistry Workshop and served as vice chair of the Organic Coatings and Films Gordon Research Conference. She has been elected a US nanotechnology expert for the International Standards Organization (ISO) and currently leads the Strategy Task Group for Nanotechnology Terminology and Nomenclature. Judith has also served as an ad hoc member of the NIH Nanotechnology Study Group. Judith holds 48 US patents, and received a GE 125 Publications Award in 2007.

Charles F. Zukoski

Charles F. Zukoski [NAE] is the Elio Eliakim Tarika Chaired Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, and Senior A*STAR Fellow of the Agency of Science, Technology and Research, Singapore. Professor Zukoski is a chemical and biomolecular engineer, whose professional work focuses on leading, enabling and supporting research initiatives, technology transfer and the economic development. His research interests lie in nanocomposites, nanoparticle formation and suspension rheology. He was Vice Chancellor for Research at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign from 2002-2008. From 2005-2012 Professor Zukoski served as the Chairman of the Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) of the Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore where he worked with seven A*STAR research institutes in charting new directions and strategies that will sustain economic growth in Singapore. Professor Zukoski is a member of the United Stated National Academy of Engineering (NAE). Expertise includes: research management; technology development; and technology insertion.

Log In

Sign in to access your saved publications, downloads, and email preferences.

Former MyNAP users: You'll need to reset your password on your first login to MyAcademies. Click "Forgot password" below to receive a reset link via email. Having trouble? Visit our FAQ page to contact support.

Members of the National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, or National Academy of Medicine should log in through their respective Academy portals.

Email (required)
Password (required)

Don't have an account?

Register

Email (required)
New password (required)
Retype password (required) Password must be at least 8 characters
I accept the terms of use
terms of use

Thank You

Thank you for creating a MyAcademies account!

Enjoy free access to thousands of National Academies' publications, a 10% discount off every purchase, and build your personal library.

Forgot Password

Enter the email address for your MyAcademies (formerly MyNAP) account to receive password reset instructions.

Reset Requested

We sent password reset instructions to your email . Follow the link in that email to create a new password. Didn't receive it? Check your spam folder or contact us for assistance.

Reset Password

New password (required)
Retype password (required) Password must be at least 8 characters

Reset Password

Your password has been reset.

Log In

Verify email

Verify Your Email Address

We sent a verification link to your email. Please check your inbox (and spam folder) and follow the link to verify your email address. If you did not receive the email, you can request a new verification link below

Subscribe

First Name
Last Name
Email (required)
I agree to receive emails from the National Academies (required)

We respect your privacy and will never share your information.

Triennial Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative: Phase II

Featured publication

Description

Collaborators

Committee

Sponsors

Staff

Major units and sub-units

Contact

Provide feedback

Request materials

More like this

Modernizing Mathematics Education for Grades 9-14

Health Care Financing to Improve Availability of Affordable Contraception: Identifying Promising Practices

Review of Methods in the Report on Carcinogens Handbook

Transportation Research Board Executive Office

National Cooperative Highway Research Program

Modernizing Mathematics Education for Grades 9-14

Strategies to Enable Assured Access to Semiconductors for the Department of Defense

The Current Status and Future Direction of High Magnetic Field Science in the United States, Phase II

Options for a National Plan for Smart Manufacturing

Publication information

Suggested citation

My Academies

Triennial Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative: Phase II

Dropdown items

Featured publication