Measurement and Analysis of Public Opinion: An Analytic Framework (2022)
Chapter: Appendix: Biographical Sketches of Expert Contributors, Authors, and Staff
Appendix
Biographical Sketches of Expert Contributors, Authors, and Staff
EXPERT CONTRIBUTORS FOR THE ANALYTIC FRAMEWORK
James N. Druckman is the Payson S. Wild Professor of Political Science and Faculty Fellow at the Institute for Policy Research at Northwestern University. He is also an Honorary Professor of Political Science at Aarhus University in Denmark. His research focuses on political preference formation and communication. His work examines how citizens make political, economic, and social decisions in various contexts (e.g., settings with multiple competing messages, online information, deliberation). He also researches the relationship between citizens’ preferences and public policy. Druckman has published roughly 140 articles and book chapters in political science, communication, economic, science, and psychology journals. His latest book is Experimental Thinking: A Primer for Social Science Experiments (Cambridge University Press). He has served as editor of the journals Political Psychology and Public Opinion Quarterly as well as the University of Chicago Press series in American Politics. He currently is the co-PI of Time-sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences. He is an elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the recipient of a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship. He holds a Ph.D. in political science from the University of California, San Diego, and a B.A. from Northwestern, majoring in mathematical methods in the social sciences and political science.
William “Chip” Eveland, Jr. is Professor of Communication and (by courtesy) Political Science at The Ohio State University (2000-present). Prior to
his arrival at Ohio State, Eveland was an assistant professor of communication (1998-2000) and founding director of a survey research center at the University of California at Santa Barbara. He also has worked in a research role for the National Institute for Science Education (2006-2008) evaluating online science communication efforts. Eveland’s academic research focuses on the role of political communication in developing informed and participatory citizens of democracy, both in the United States and also, increasingly, around the globe. Although his early research focused on the effects of news media use on political knowledge and participation, more recently his work has highlighted the important role of the structure and content of political discussion networks in democracy. Eveland’s most recent work emphasizes the important role of “listening” in political conversations where there are deep divides, not only due to partisanship but also across lines of racial difference and about race-related topics. Eveland has published in the fields of communication, political science, sociology, and psychology, and much of that published work has centered on empirical evaluation of the accuracy of survey measurement of concepts such as news media use, political conversation, and political knowledge.
Michele Gelfand (NAS) is Professor of Organizational Behavior at the Stanford Graduate School of Business and Professor of Psychology by Courtesy at Stanford University. She studies the evolution of culture and its multilevel consequences for human groups. Her work has been cited over 40,000 times and has been featured in such outlets as the Washington Post, the New York Times, National Public Radio, Voice of America, and The Economist. Gelfand has published in numerous premier journals, including Science, the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Psychological Science, Nature Scientific Reports, and American Psychologist. She is the founding co-editor of the Advances in Culture and Psychology Annual Series and the Frontiers of Culture and Psychology series. Gelfand is the past president of the International Association for Conflict Management and past division chair of the Conflict Division of the Academy of Management. She received the 2017 Outstanding International Psychologist Award from the American Psychological Association, the 2016 Diener award from the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, and the Annaliese Research Award from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. Her work published in Science was honored with the Gordon Allport Intergroup Relations Prize from the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues. She is the author of Rule Makers, Rule Breakers: How Tight and Loose Cultures Wire the World (2018, Scribner). She obtained a B.A. in psychology from the Colgate University and a Ph.D. in social psychology and organizational psychology from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
D. Sunshine Hillygus is Professor of Political Science and Public Policy and founding director of the Initiative on Survey Methodology at Duke University. Her research on public opinion and survey methodology has been funded by the National Science Foundation and published in dozens of academic journal articles. She is co-author of Making Young Voters: Converting Civic Attitudes into Civic Action (Cambridge University Press, 2020), The Persuadable Voter: Wedge Issues in Political Campaigns (Princeton University Press, 2008) and The Hard Count: The Social and Political Challenges of the 2000 Census (Russell Sage Foundation, 2006). She served on the Census Scientific Advisory Committee from 2012–2018 and is currently a member of the American Statistical Association (ASA) Taskforce on 2020 Census Quality Indicators and the American Association of Public Opinion Research (AAPOR) Taskforce on 2020 Election Polling Performance. She is associate PI of the 2020 American National Election Study and associate editor of Political Analysis. From 2003–2009, she taught at Harvard University, where she was the Frederick S. Danziger Associate Professor of Government and founding director of the Program on Survey Research. She holds a Ph.D. in political science from Stanford University and a B.A. from the University of Arkansas.
Michael Hout (NAS) is professor of sociology at New York University. He uses demographic methods to study social change in inequality, religion, and politics. He was co-principal investigator on the General Social Survey (GSS) from 2008–2016, and currently uses the GSS to study changing occupational hierarchies, social mobility, and social attitudes since 1972. He chairs the National Academies’ Advisory Committee for the Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, and has served on the Societal Experts Action Network, Committee on National Statistics, Steering Committee for a Workshop on Developing a New National Survey on Social Mobility, and the Board on Testing and Assessment. Hout’s books include Century of Difference (with Claude Fischer, 2006), The Truth about Conservative Christians (with Andrew Greeley, 2006), Inequality by Design (with five Berkeley colleagues, 1996), Following in Father’s Footsteps: Social Mobility in Ireland (1989), and Mobility Tables (1983). Illustrative papers include “Americans’ Occupational Status Reflects the Status of Both of Their Parents” (2018), “Social and Economic Returns to Higher Education in the United States” (2012), and “Race, Immigration, and Political Polarization” (with Maggio, 2021). He was elected to the American Academy of Arts & Sciences in 1997, the National Academy of Sciences in 2003, and the American Philosophical Society in 2006. He received a B.A from the University of Pittsburgh in history and sociology and M.A. and Ph.D. from Indiana University in sociology.
Courtney Kennedy is director of survey research at Pew Research Center. In this role, she serves as the chief survey methodologist, providing guidance on all of its research and leading its methodology work. Prior to joining Pew Research Center, Kennedy served as vice president of the advanced methods group at Abt SRBI, where she was responsible for designing complex surveys, developing data collection methodologies, and assessing data quality. Her work has been published in Public Opinion Quarterly, the Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology, and the Journal of Official Statistics. She has worked as a statistical consultant on the U.S. Census Bureau’s decennial census and on multiple reports appearing in Newsweek. Kennedy has served as standards chair and conference chair of the American Association for Public Opinion Research. She holds a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan and an M.A. from the University of Maryland, both in survey methodology.
Charles Lau is Director of the International Survey Research Program at RTI International, where he specializes in survey methodology and implementation in low- and middle-income countries. He holds a Ph.D. in Sociology, an M.S. in Epidemiology from the University of California, Los Angeles, and a B.A. in Sociology from Brown University. Lau has led surveys in over 30 countries. He directs projects throughout the survey cycle, including study design, questionnaire development, sampling, interviewer training, data collection, analysis, and reporting. In partnership with government, foundation, and commercial clients, his work has covered various topics including public health; politics, security, and conflict; technology; and economic growth and education. Across topics, Lau develops innovative methods to improve measurement quality and enhance the quality of survey sampling. His recent areas of focus include using geographic information systems for household survey sampling and pioneering methodological best practices for mobile phone surveys in low- and middle-income countries. Lau publishes methodological research on cross-cultural issues in questionnaire design, interviewer and mode effects, and sampling approaches in developing countries. His research has appeared in journals such as International Journal of Public Opinion Research, Survey Research Methods, the Journal of International Development.
Zachariah Mampilly is the Marxe Endowed Chair of International Affairs at the Marxe School of Public and International Affairs, CUNY. In 2012/2013, he was a Fulbright Visiting Professor at the University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. He has lived, worked, and studied in Africa, South Asia, and North America. An expert on the politics of both violent and nonviolent resistance, he is the author of Rebel Rulers: Insurgent Governance and Civilian Life during War (Cornell University Press, 2011), based on extensive
fieldwork in rebel-controlled zones of Congo, Sri Lanka, and South Sudan. Africa Uprising: Popular Protest and Political Change (Zed Press, 2015), co-written with Adam Branch, examines the ongoing Third Wave of African protest and provides an inside look at recent movements in Ethiopia, Nigeria, Uganda, and Sudan. Mampilly writes widely on South Asian and African politics for a variety of publications, including Al Jazeera, The Hindu, The Washington Post, Foreign Affairs and N+1. Mampilly teaches courses on civil wars and rebel movements; race, ethnicity, and nationalism; and the international relations of the Third World. He holds a Ph.D. from UCLA, an M.A. from Columbia University, and a B.A from Tufts University.
Lisa Mueller is Associate Professor of Political Science and the Director of African Studies at Macalester College. Her book, Political Protest in Contemporary Africa (Cambridge University Press), received an honorable mention from the African Politics Conference Group for Best Book of 2018. Mueller’s other work has appeared in leading journals, including Electoral Studies, African Affairs, and the African Studies Review. She is a frequent contributor to the “Monkey Cage” blog of the Washington Post and an advisor to USAID, the State Department, the World Bank, and other governmental and nongovernmental agencies. She has conducted fieldwork in Niger, Senegal, Mali, Guinea, Burkina Faso, Malawi, and Mauritius. She received her B.A. from Pomona College and her Master’s and Ph.D. from UCLA, specializing in comparative politics, political economy, social movements, and research methods.
Diana C. Mutz holds the Samuel A. Stouffer Chair in Political Science and Communication at the University of Pennsylvania where she also serves as Director of the Institute for the Study of Citizens and Politics. She has published numerous articles on public opinion, political psychology, and the media in a wide variety of academic journals. Her award-winning books include Winners and Losers: The Psychology of Foreign Trade (Princeton, 2021), In-Your-Face Politics: The Consequences of Uncivil Media (Princeton, 2015), The Obama Effect: How the 2008 Campaign Changed White Racial Attitudes (Russell Sage Foundation, 2014), Population-Based Survey Experiments (Princeton, 2011), Hearing the Other Side: Deliberative Versus Participatory Democracy (Cambridge, 2006), and Impersonal Influence (Cambridge, 1998). Mutz was inducted as a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2008. In 2011, Mutz received the Lifetime Career Achievement Award in Political Communication from the American Political Science Association. She received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2015 and a Carnegie Foundation Fellowship in 2016 to study the impact of globalization on American public opinion. She was founding co-PI of Time-sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences, an infrastructure project
supporting innovative methodology across the social sciences. She holds a Ph.D. in communications from Stanford University and a B.S. from Northwestern University.
Scott E. Page is the John Seely Brown distinguished university professor of complexity, social science, and management at the University of Michigan. He is also the Williamson family professor of business administration, professor of management and organizations, Stephen M. Ross School of Business; professor of political science, professor of complex systems, and professor of economics, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts. Page is also an external faculty member of the Santa Fe Institute. His research focuses on the function of diversity in complex social systems, the potential for collective intelligence, and the design of institutions for meeting the challenges of a complex world. A recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship, a fellowship at the Center for Advanced Studies in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, Page was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2011. His fifth book, The Model Thinker, was published by Basic Books in November 2018. He has been a featured speaker at The World Economic Forum – Davos, The New York Times New Work Summit, Google Re:Work, and The Aspen Ideas Festival and has consulted with the Federal Reserve System, the White House Office of Personnel, Yahoo!, Ford, DARPA, Procter and Gamble, BlackRock, and AB InBev. He holds a Ph.D. in Managerial Economics and Decision Sciences from Northwestern University, an M.A. in mathematics from the University of Wisconsin, and A.B. from the University of Michigan in mathematics.
Elizabeth J. Zechmeister is Cornelius Vanderbilt professor of political science and director of LAPOP Lab at Vanderbilt University. Her research expertise is in public opinion, political behavior, and research methodology. She has published over thirty articles and two books: Democracy at Risk: How Terrorist Threats Affect the Public (University of Chicago Press, 2009) and Latin American Party Systems (Cambridge Press, 2010). She is co-editor of The Latin American Voter (University of Michigan Press, 2015). Her research on public opinion in times of crisis has been awarded multiple grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation. In her work as LAPOP director, she leads the AmericasBarometer—a regular regional survey of democracy and public opinion in 34 countries. She is the current chair of the global Comparative Study of Electoral Systems project, and serves on several journal editorial boards as well as several advisory boards in the area of public opinion research and methodology. Zechmeister has received Vanderbilt’s Jeffrey Nordhaus Award for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching and Vanderbilt’s Award for Excellence in Graduate Teaching. She is an experienced public speaker, who has given dozens of talks on public
opinion and survey methodology to academic and nonacademic audiences. She holds a Ph.D. in political science from Duke University and an M.A. from the University of Chicago, majoring in Latin American studies.
INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY
Participants in this project included analysts and managers from the Intelligence Community (IC), each of whom is seeking to help IC analysts consistently draw from the most recent advances in the social and behavioral sciences to make sense of information about the world. Most have graduate degrees from major U.S. institutions, in disciplines such as economics, psychology, political psychology, political science, sociology, and statistics. The audience for the broader framework is much more diverse.
AUTHORS
Ashley Amaya (author, Alternatives to Probability-Based Surveys Representative of the General Population for Measuring Attitudes) is a senior survey methodologist at Pew Research Center. In this role, she serves as an advisor for projects involving address-based sampling, multiple modes of data collection, and surveys of rare populations. Amaya’s work on address-based sampling methods, web panel surveys, and the use of alternative data sources to replace and enhance survey data has been published in a variety of journals, including Public Opinion Quarterly, Journal of Survey Statistics and Methods, and Social Science Computer Review. Prior to joining Pew Research Center, she was a senior survey methodologist at RTI International, where she led research into address-based sampling methods and applications. She has served as editor-in-chief of Survey Practice, chair of the short course subcommittee for the American Association for Public Opinion Research (AAPOR), membership chair of the DC-Baltimore chapter of AAPOR, and communications chair of the Washington Statistical Society. She has a Ph.D. from the University of Maryland and a Master’s from the University of Michigan, both in survey methodology. She received her bachelor’s degree from University of Michigan.
René Bautista (author, Drawing Inferences from Public Opinion Surveys: Insights for Intelligence Reports) is the associate director of the Methodology and Quantitative Social Sciences Department at NORC at the University of Chicago, where he has worked since 2010. He is also the director and co-principal investigator of the General Social Survey, one of the most influential social science surveys monitoring societal change. Bautista has substantial experience with survey research designs, qualitative
work, and advanced statistical analysis. His academic research focuses on nonresponse, measurement error, interviewer effects, mixed modes, cross-cultural research, and data collection methods. He is a frequent presenter in national and international survey methods conferences hosted by major professional organizations, where he is an active member. Bautista has served as executive council member of the American Association for Public Opinion Research (AAPOR), chairing the Standards Committee. Also, Bautista has served as associate editor of Public Opinion Quarterly—the premier scholarly publication of AAPOR. He is currently an Executive Committee member of the European Survey Research Association. He is also a member of other major organizations, including the World Association for Public Opinion and the American Statistical Association. Bautista serves as a reviewer for leading national and international journals in public opinion, survey statistics, research methodology, and teaches Survey Questionnaire Design courses at the Irving B. Harris Graduate School of Public Policy Studies at the University of Chicago. He holds a Ph.D. in Survey Research and Methodology from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
Kanisha D. Bond (author, Ascertaining True Attitudes in Survey Research) is an assistant professor of political science at Binghamton University (SUNY). She studies culture, violence, and contentious political mobilization, with a special focus on how ideology, race, and gender influence institution-building among radical groups in polarized societies. Her scholarship has been published by the American Political Science Review, Journal of Politics, British Journal of Political Science, International Negotiation, Political Science Research and Methods, Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research, and the Comparative Politics Section of the American Political Science Association. Her writings on the politics of (studying) radical mobilization can also be found in Foreign Policy, the Washington Post’s Monkey Cage blog, and through the Social Science Research Council. Prior to joining academia, Bond held professional positions with The Urban Institute, the Organization of American States, the Council on Hemispheric Affairs, and Cesar Chavez Public Charter School for Public Policy, all in Washington, DC. Bond earned her PhD in political science from Penn State University in 2010, an MPP in international development and crime policy from Georgetown University, and a BA in international relations and Spanish from Bucknell University.
Rona Briere (author, Synthesis: Using Public Opinion Research to Answer an Intelligence Question) has been working for the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine as an independent contractor since 1980, serving as a writer/editor for the Division on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, the Health and Medicine Division (formerly the Institute of Medicine), Policy and Global Affairs, and the Transportation
Research Board. During that time, she also has taught a series of report writing courses for National Academies staff. She holds a BA from Syracuse University and an MA, and ABD from The Johns Hopkins University.
Sunghee Lee (co-author, Integrating Data Across Sources) is a Research Associate Professor at the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan and a Research Professor in the Joint Program in Survey Methodology (JPSM) at the University of Maryland. She holds a Ph.D. in Survey Methodology from the JPSM. She has extensive experience with survey sampling and methodology for population-based research, having worked on sampling and post-survey weighting adjustments for various large- and small-scale surveys, including longitudinal surveys and nonprobability sample surveys. These experiences are motivated by her primary research interest: sampling and measurement issues in data collection with linguistic and racial minorities as well as hard-to-reach populations and cross-cultural survey methodology. She currently leads sampling activities for the Health and Retirement Study, a flagship aging study around the world, and provides consultation on methodological approaches for that study. She is also currently leading an extensive portfolio of methodological research on applications of respondent-driven sampling in the recruitment of hard-to-reach populations and measurement noncomparability issues with racial, linguistic, and ethnic minority groups, which collectively demonstrates her focus on the importance of inclusiveness in research methodology.
Josh Pasek (co-author, Integrating Data Across Sources) is Associate Professor of Communication & Media and Political Science, Faculty Associate in the Center for Political Studies, and Core Faculty for the Michigan Institute for Data Science at the University of Michigan. His research explores how new media and psychological processes each shape political attitudes, public opinion, and political behaviors. Pasek also examines issues in the measurement of public opinion including techniques for reducing measurement error and improving population inferences. Current research explores how both accurate and inaccurate political information might influence public opinion and voter decision-making, evaluates whether the use of online social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter might be changing the political information environment, and assesses the conditions under which nonprobability samples, such as those obtained from big data methods or samples of Internet volunteers can lead to conclusions similar to those of traditional probability samples. His work has been published in Public Opinion Quarterly, Political Communication, Communication Research, and the Journal of Communication among other outlets. He also maintains two R packages for producing survey weights (anesrake) and analyzing weighted survey data (weights).
NATIONAL ACADEMIES STAFF
Samantha Chao is Associate Executive Director Extension, National Research Council (NRC) Programs. She is responsible for supporting division executive offices in planning and operational activities, serving as a resource for staff on policies and procedures, and directing and coordinating specific programs in these divisions. Chao previously served as acting director of programs for the National Academy of Medicine from December 2020 to October 2021. In this role, she oversaw NAM’s programs and the program staff teams to ensure they had maximum success and impact, helped relaunch the Global Roadmap for Healthy Longevity, oversaw the strategic planning process for phase two of the Clinician Well-Being Action Collaborative, and helped plan and fundraise for the next phase of the Committee on Emerging Science, Technology, and Innovation as it moves to a consensus study. Prior to her position at NAM, Chao served as Assistant Executive Officer in the NRC Executive Office, where she supported the operations of the Governing Board and GBEC and a wide range of special initiatives. She also played a central role in the development of the NRC’s first Strategic Plan. Previously she was a manager at The Pew Charitable Trusts where she developed and implemented a process to ensure the integrity and quality of research produced by teams across almost 30 policy areas. In that role, she advised teams on design and conduct of high-quality research methods at the national, state, and local levels. At Pew she also worked on the State Health Care Spending project to enumerate the cost of health care to states. She completed an M.P.H. in health policy with a concentration in management at the University of Michigan.
Jacqueline Cole is a senior program assistant with BBCSS. She was the lead administrative support assistant for the Analytic Frameworks project funded by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence and has supported several projects funded by the National Institutes of Health. Prior to her position at The National Academies, she worked for The GW Medical Faculty Associates as the Residency Program Administrator for the George Washington University Internal Medicine Residency Programs and as the coordinator for the Underserved Medicine & Public Health Concentration designed for residents interested in careers in public health and serving the underserved. Prior to her position as the residency program administrator, she worked as the assistant to the founder and president of the Rodham Institute where she coordinated the first annual summit to promote health equity in Washington, DC. She also worked as the lead administrative assistant for the Armed Forces DNA Identification Laboratory, a forensics laboratory specializing in DNA profiling run by the United States Armed
Forces. Cole is an avid volunteer and gives her time to organizations working on behalf of the underserved populations and the homeless.
Emma Fine is an associate program officer primarily working on the Board on Health Sciences Policy and has worked at the National Academies for 4.5 years. She currently supports research on the rapidly evolving COVID-19 pandemic. Previously, she staffed a project on the Board on Global Health assessing morbidity and mortality from HIV/AIDS in Rwanda. She also worked on the Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences, where she helped bridge the gap between academic experts and intelligence analysts for the Office of the Director of National Intelligence. Prior to joining the National Academies, Fine interned for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, where she contributed research to the National Health Security Strategy Implementation Plan as well as the intersection between terrorism and public health preparedness. In 2016, Fine graduated from the University of California, Berkeley, where she earned her B.A. in public health and public policy. She is particularly interested in the nexus between public health, intelligence, and national security, and she plans to pursue a degree in national security and enter the field of intelligence.
Dylan Thomas Rebstock is a program officer with the Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education focusing on Behavioral/Social Sciences and National Security. He was previously the Chief of Operations for the Latin America Division at the National Security Agency (NSA), where he was responsible for directing the signals intelligence response to security crises in the Western Hemisphere. Additionally while at NSA, Dylan served in offices focusing on counterterrorism, counterintelligence, transnational organized crime, and the Middle East, including two interagency field deployments to Afghanistan and Peru. Before getting into national security, Dylan worked at two DC think tanks focusing on international relations and was involved in local politics, running campaigns in Texas and Georgia. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in History and Government from the University of Texas at Austin and a Master’s in Public and International Affairs from the University of Pittsburgh.
Barbara A. Wanchisen serves as senior advisor for the behavioral sciences in the Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences and Education within the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. She received a B.A. in English and Philosophy from Bloomsburg University, an M.A. in English from Villanova University, and a Ph.D. in Experimental
Psychology from Temple University. She is a long-standing member of the Psychonomic Society, American Association for the Advancement of Science (Fellow, Class of 2020), American Psychological Association (Fellow, Division 25), and the Association for Psychological Science. Wanchisen arrived in Washington, DC to serve as the executive director of the Federation of Behavioral, Psychological, and Cognitive Sciences, a non-profit advocacy organization. Previous to that role, she was Professor (tenured) in the Department of Psychology and Director of the college-wide Honors Program at Baldwin-Wallace University near Cleveland, Ohio.
Tina M. Winters is an associate program officer with the Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. She has worked on a variety of activities within BBCSS on topics including factors that bear on the quality and success of scientific research, behavioral influences on aging, assessing performance for military accession, factors that affect the performance of small units in military environments, program evaluation, and learning across the lifespan. Prior to joining BBCSS in 2011, her work at the National Academies centered on studies and other activities related to K-16 science and mathematics education, educational assessment, and education research. She was a co-editor for the National Academies consensus report Advancing Scientific Research in Education and has worked on many other Academies reports, including Reducing the Impact of Dementia in America: A Decadal Survey of the Behavioral and Social Sciences; Reproducibility and Replicability in Science; How People Learn II: Learners, Contexts, and Cultures; Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science; Using Science as Evidence in Public Policy; Strengthening Peer Review in Federal Agencies That Support Education Research; Scientific Research in Education; and Knowing What Students Know: The Science and Design of Educational Assessment.
