Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Education and Outreach (2025)

Chapter: Appendix C: Variables Extracted from Scientific Literature

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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Variables Extracted from Scientific Literature." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Education and Outreach. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29276.
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APPENDIX C

Variables Extracted from Scientific Literature

This table presents details from studies included in the literature review, including the sample size and the age of participants in the study, how the participants were exposed to ADAS, the ADAS covered, the delivery mode(s) and content types for the ADAS education or training, and the main outcomes that were evaluated.

In-text Citation Sample (age) Exposure to ADAS ADAS Delivery Mode Training Content Study Outcomes
During Use of ADAS Pre and/or Post Training
Text Graphic Video Verbal Demonstration Purpose Functions ODD Limitations Responsibilities Procedures ADAS Usage (%) Driving Performance Visual Attention Mental Workload Mental Model Trust Perceptions Training Feedback
(Rossi et al., 2020) 25 drivers (19-30) Driving simulator LDW X X X X
(Koustanai et al., 2012) 28 drivers (≈40+10) Driving simulator FCW X X X X X X
(Panou et al., 2010) 25 drivers (≈21+2) Driving simulator FCW, LDW X X X X X
(Yu et al., 2021) 8 younger (24+3) and 8 middle-aged (41+10) drivers On-road LDW, LDW, LKA X X X X
(Abraham et al., 2017) 13 drivers (28-58) On-road AEB, BSW, FCW, LDW, ACC X X X X X X
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Variables Extracted from Scientific Literature." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Education and Outreach. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29276.
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In-text Citation Sample (age) Exposure to ADAS ADAS Delivery Mode Training Content Study Outcomes
During Use of ADAS Pre and/or Post Training
Text Graphic Video Verbal Demonstration Purpose Functions ODD Limitations Responsibilities Procedures ADAS Usage (%) Driving Performance Visual Attention Mental Workload Mental Model Trust Perceptions Training Feedback
(Zheng et al., 2023) 20 younger (<25); 19 older drivers (>65) Driving simulator ACC X X X X X X X X X X X X X
(Mersinger et al., 2023) 18 adults None ACC X X X X X X
(Carney, Gaspar, & Horrey, 2022) 27 drivers (45) Naturalistic driving ACC X X X X X X X
(Pai et al., 2021) 36 drivers (21-55) Online ACC X X X X X X X X X
(Gaspar et al., 2021) 78 drivers (44+11) Driving simulator ACC X X X X X
(Krake et al., 2020) 16 drivers (40) Test track ACC X X X X X X X X
(McDonald et al., 2017; Nylen et al., 2019) 120 adults (41+8) On-road BSM, RCTA, LKA, ACC, Active Parking Assistance X X X X X X X X X X
(Lee, 2016) 1,238 adults Online RAEB, BSW, LDW, AEB, ACC X X X X X
(Beggiato et al., 2015) 15 drivers (28+2) On-road ACC X X X X X X X
(Pereira et al., 2015) 15 drivers (28+2) On-road ACC X X X X X X X
(Rajaonah et al., 2006) 23 drivers (26+7) Driving simulator ACC X X X X
(DeGuzma 59 drivers (35+11) Online ACC, LKA, X X X X X X X X X X
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Variables Extracted from Scientific Literature." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Education and Outreach. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29276.
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In-text Citation Sample (age) Exposure to ADAS ADAS Delivery Mode Training Content Study Outcomes
During Use of ADAS Pre and/or Post Training
Text Graphic Video Verbal Demonstration Purpose Functions ODD Limitations Responsibilities Procedures ADAS Usage (%) Driving Performance Visual Attention Mental Workload Mental Model Trust Perceptions Training Feedback
(n et al., 2022; DeGuzman & Donmez, 2022) ACC + LKA
(Gershon et al., 2023) 14 drivers (42+13) Naturalistic driving ADA X X
(Singer et al., 2022) 90 drivers (47+14) On-road ADA X X X X X X X X
(Rukonić et al., 2022) 24 drivers (>49) Driving simulator ACC + LKA X X X X X X X X X X X
(Zahabi et al., 2021; Zahabi et al., 2020) 20 older drivers (63+5) Driving simulator ACC + LKA X X X X X X X X X X X X
(Mueller et al., 2020) 80 drivers (41+14) Video ADA X X X X X X
(Krampell et al., 2020) 24 students (25+4) Driving simulator ACC + LKA X X X X X X X X X
(Bao et al., 2019) 36 drivers Driving simulator ACC + LKA X X X X X X X X X
(Manser et al., 2018) 40 drivers (42+22) Test track ADA X X X X X X X X X X X
(Britten et al., 2023) 36 drivers (30-75) Test track ACC + LKA vs CAD X X X X X X
(Forster et al., 2020) 80 drivers (24+9) Video ADA vs ADA with lane change X X X X X X X X X
(Murtaza et al., 2023) 43 students Driving simulator AEB, ACC, LKA, CAD X X X X X X X X
(Chen et al., 2023) 30 drivers (27+5) Driving simulator CAD X X X X X X X X X X X X
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Variables Extracted from Scientific Literature." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Education and Outreach. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29276.
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In-text Citation Sample (age) Exposure to ADAS ADAS Delivery Mode Training Content Study Outcomes
During Use of ADAS Pre and/or Post Training
Text Graphic Video Verbal Demonstration Purpose Functions ODD Limitations Responsibilities Procedures ADAS Usage (%) Driving Performance Visual Attention Mental Workload Mental Model Trust Perceptions Training Feedback
(Boelhouwer et al., 2019) 28 adults (39+11) Video CAD X X X X X X X X
(Zhou et al., 2021) 32 younger (37+14) and 24 older (71+4) drivers Driving simulator CAD X X X X X X X X X
(Lee et al., 2021) 56 drivers (32+15) Driving simulator CAD X X X X X X X
(Sibi et al., 2020) 28 drivers (18-60) Driving simulator CAD X X X X X X X X
(Shaw et al., 2020) 25 drivers (21-59) Driving simulator CAD X X X X X X X X X X X X X
(Ebnali et al., 2020) 15 students (24+4) Driving simulator CAD X X X X X X X X X
(Amre & Steelman, 2020) 75 students (19+1) Online CAD X X X X X X X X X
(Sportillo et al., 2018) 60 adults (36+14) On-road CAD X X X X X X X X
(Forster et al., 2019B) 24 adults (34+13) Driving simulator ADA vs CAD X X X X X X X X
(Ebnali et al., 2019) 54 students (25+4) Driving simulator CAD X X X X X X X X X X
(Victor et al., 2018) 60 drivers (45+10) Driving simulator ADA vs CAD X X X X X X X X X X X X
(Molnar et al., 2018) 72 drivers (40+22) Driving simulator CAD X X X X X X
Hergeth et al., 2016 110 employees (30+9) Driving simulator CAD X X X X X X X X X
(Merriman et al., 2023b) 96 drivers (46+17) Online CAD X X X X X X X X X X
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Variables Extracted from Scientific Literature." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Education and Outreach. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29276.
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In-text Citation Sample (age) Exposure to ADAS ADAS Delivery Mode Training Content Study Outcomes
During Use of ADAS Pre and/or Post Training
Text Graphic Video Verbal Demonstration Purpose Functions ODD Limitations Responsibilities Procedures ADAS Usage (%) Driving Performance Visual Attention Mental Workload Mental Model Trust Perceptions Training Feedback
(Merriman et al., 2023a) 45 drivers (18-66) Driving simulator CAD X X X X X X X X X X X X
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Variables Extracted from Scientific Literature." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Education and Outreach. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29276.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Variables Extracted from Scientific Literature." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Education and Outreach. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29276.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Variables Extracted from Scientific Literature." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Education and Outreach. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29276.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Variables Extracted from Scientific Literature." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Education and Outreach. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29276.
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Suggested Citation: "Appendix C: Variables Extracted from Scientific Literature." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Education and Outreach. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29276.
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Next Chapter: Appendix D: Dealership Interview Script
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