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Laying the Foundation for New and Advanced Nuclear Reactors in the United States

Completed

Nuclear reactors can provide low-carbon energy, and advanced nuclear technologies could play an important role in moving the United States towards a zero-carbon future. Next-generation nuclear reactors have the potential to be smaller, safer, less expensive to build, and better integrated with the modern grid. However, the technical, economic, and regulatory outlook for these technologies remains uncertain. This study will assess the future of new and advanced nuclear reactor technologies and identify the opportunities and barriers to commercialization.

This study operates in parallel with a congressionally mandated study on the fuel cycle and waste aspects of these advanced reactor designs.

Description

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine will appoint an ad hoc committee of experts to identify opportunities and barriers to the commercialization of new and advanced nuclear reactor technologies in the United States over the next 30 years as part of a decarbonization strategy. Specific topics the committee will examine include:

  • The research, development, and demonstration needed for new and advanced nuclear reactor technologies to reach commercial readiness, the potential for leveraging technological developments outside the nuclear energy sector, and the manufacturing, construction, financial, societal, and other barriers associated with their deployment;
  • The operational characteristics of these technologies, including their implications for safety, security, and non-proliferation, as well as their interaction with other low-carbon generation and storage resources that may be relevant to a changing electricity system;
  • The economic, regulatory, and business challenges associated with commercialization of these technologies;
  • The implications of these technologies for the front- and back-end of the fuel cycle;
  • The viability of these technologies in applications outside the electricity sector, for example in desalination, water and wastewater treatment, hydrogen production, or process heat;
  • The role of the U.S. Government in sponsoring the development and commercialization of new and advanced nuclear reactor technologies to provide clean energy, to address national-security and nonproliferation goals, or to assist in nuclear exports; and
  • The future workforce and educational needs to support the research, development, and deployment of these technologies.

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Conflict of Interest Disclosure

The conflict of interest policy of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (http://www.nationalacademies.org/coi) prohibits the appointment of an individual to a committee authoring a Consensus Study Report if the individual has a conflict of interest that is relevant to the task to be performed. An exception to this prohibition is permitted if the National Academies determines that the conflict is unavoidable and the conflict is publicly disclosed. A determination of a conflict of interest for an individual is not an assessment of that individual's actual behavior or character or ability to act objectively despite the conflicting interest.

Heather Feldman has a conflict of interest in relation to her service on the committee on Laying the Foundation for New and Advanced Nuclear Reactors in the United States, because she is currently employed as Director of Nuclear Innovation at the Electric Power Research Institue (EPRI), which receives pooled funding from many utilities and vendor organizations, as well as small contributions from government agencies. EPRI is on multiple proposals for DOE’s Advanced Reactor Demonstration Program. Some of the topics within Dr. Feldman’s portfolio are in close alignment with this study’s statement of task.
The National Academies has concluded that in order for the committee to accomplish the tasks for which it was established, it must include a committee member with experience in electric power research. Dr. Feldman’s career at EPRI speaks to her deep knowledge of the intersection of electricity and nuclear engineering. Having spent many years working on issues related to balance of plant, corrosion resistance, and non-destructive evaluation, she is an expert in operational issues that face the current fleet of nuclear power plants. In her current position, she is working with the existing fleet to modernize, adjust power output, and adapt operations to a rapidly changing electric grid. Her expertise in fleet modernization will be critical to inform the necessary attributes of future reactor systems, which is a key component of the study’s task.

The National Academies has determined that the experience and expertise of Dr. Feldman is needed for the committee to accomplish the task for which it has been established. The National Academies could not find another available individual with the equivalent expertise and breadth of experience who does not have a conflict of interest. Therefore, the National Academies has concluded that the conflict is unavoidable.

The National Academies believes that Dr. Feldman can serve effectively as a member of the committee, and the committee can produce an objective report, taking into account the composition of the committee, the work to be performed, and the procedures to be followed in completing the study.

The conflict of interest policy of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (http://www.nationalacademies.org/coi) prohibits the appointment of an individual to a committee authoring a Consensus Study Report if the individual has a conflict of interest that is relevant to the task to be performed. An exception to this prohibition is permitted if the National Academies determines that the conflict is unavoidable and the conflict is publicly disclosed. A determination of a conflict of interest for an individual is not an assessment of that individual's actual behavior or character or ability to act objectively despite the conflicting interest.

David Owens has a conflict of interest in relation to his service on the committee on Laying the Foundation for New and Advanced Nuclear Reactors in the United States because he currently serves as Director of the Board of Xcel Energy, a major shareholder owned utility that runs several nuclear power plants and has stake in future nuclear technology options. Mr. Owens sits on two committees as a board member: the Operations and Nuclear Committee, and the Finance Committee. Mr. Owens will be stepping down from his position at Xcel by May of 2021.

The National Academies has concluded that in order for the committee to accomplish the tasks for which it was established, it must include a committee member with current and extensive experience in utility operations and strategy, and in electricity system regulations. As his biographical summary makes clear, Mr. Owens has extensive knowledge of the electricity industry and its stakeholders through his long career at the Edison Electric Institute, as well as a deep understanding of regulatory affairs related to electric utilities. His current work as a board member of Xcel Energy is testament to his expertise in both utility planning and nuclear operations.

The National Academies has determined that the experience and expertise of Mr. Owens is needed for the committee to accomplish the task for which it has been established. The National Academies could not find another available individual with the equivalent expertise and breadth of experience who does not have a conflict of interest. Therefore, the National Academies has concluded that the conflict is unavoidable.

The National Academies believes that Mr. Owens can serve effectively as a member of the committee, and the committee can produce an objective report, taking into account the composition of the committee, the work to be performed, and the procedures to be followed in completing the study.

Committee Membership Roster Comments

Heather Feldman resigned April 2022.
Rachel Slaybaugh resigned May 2022.

Sponsors

Department of Energy

Private: Non Profit

Staff

Kasia Kornecki

Lead

Kyra Howe

Jasmine Victoria Bryant

K. John Holmes

Jennifer Heimberg

Charles Ferguson

Rebecca DeBoer

Catherine Wise

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