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Suggested Citation: "Appendix E: Federal Research and Development Spending." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research: A New Regulatory Framework for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21824.

Appendix E

Federal Research and Development Spending

Table 19-1. FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SPENDING
(Budget authority, dollar amounts in millions)

	2014 Actual	2015 Enacted	2016 Proposed	Dollar Change: 2015 to 2016	Percent Change: 2015 to 2016
By Agency¹
Defense²	66,018	67,451	72,121	4,670	7%
Health and Human Services	30,585	30,475	31,040	565	2%
Energy	11,996	11,736	12,597	861	7%
NASA	11,906	12,145	12238	93	1%
National Science Foundation	5,827	5,999	6.309	310	5%
Agriculture	2,380	2,446	2,884	438	18%
Commerce	1,556	1,526	2,127	601	39%
Veterans Affairs	1,101	1,090	1,147	57	5%
Transporlaton³	853	900	1,115	215	24%
Interior	840	904	985	81	9%
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund	297	506	578	72	14%
Homeand Security⁴	1,032	1,032	569	-463	-45%
Environmental Protection Agency	539	523	559	36	7%
Education	315	333	279	-54	-16%
Smithsonian Institution	227	245	261	16	7%
Other	763	758	885	127	17%
TOTAL	136,335	138,069	145,694	7,625	6%
Basic Research
Defense	2,112	2,292	2,101	-191	-8%
Health and Human Services	15,862	15,482	15,966	484	3%
Energy	4,095	4,120	4,245	125	3%
NASA	3,371	3,198	3,198	0	0%
National Science Foundation	4,752	4,834	5.062	228	5%
Agriculture	992	1,004	1,114	110	11%
Commerce	205	210	239	29	14%
Veterans Affairs	451	429	450	21	5%
Transportation
Interior	52	53	61	8	15%
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund
Homeland Security⁴	41	41	41	0	0%
Environmental Protection Agency
Education	27	6	7	1	17%
Smithsonian Institution	200	209	225	16	8%
Other	27	19	19	0	0%
SUBTOTAL	32,187	31,897	32,728	831	3%
Applied Research
Defense	4,564	4,775	4,819	44	1%
Health and Human Services	14,621	14,791	14,864	73	0%
Energy	4,550	4,363	4.583	320	7%
NASA	2,358	2,402	2.480	78	3%
National Science Foundation	578	728	802	74	10%
Agriculture	1,090	1,105	1251	146	13%
Commerce	1,053	919	1,086	167	18%
Veterans Affairs	583	564	597	33	6%
Transportation	535	673	766	93	14%
Interior	565	701	785	84	12%
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund	297	506	578	72	14%
Homeland Security⁴	210	210	176	-34	-16%
Environmental Protection Agency	456	442	474	32	7%
Education	179	199	159	-40	-20%
Smithsonian Institution
Other	507	533	626	93	17%
SUBTOTAL	32,546	32,911	34,146	1235	4%

Page 248 Cite Bookmark

Table 19-1. FEDERAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SPENDING
(Budget authority, dollar amounts in millions)

	2014 Actual	2015 Enacted	2016 Proposed	Dollar Change: 2015 to 2016	Percent Change: 2015 to 2016
Development
Defense²	58,986	60,366	65,036	4,670	8%
Health and Human Service	30	30	30	0	0%
Energy	2,559	2,322	2,621	299	13%
NASA	5,004	6,481	6,423	-58	-1%
National Science Foundation
Agriculture	179	177	181	4	2%
Ccmmetce	65	164	400	236	144%
Veterans Affairs	67	66	67	1	2%
Transportation	198	199	304	105	53%
Interior	107	110	113	3	3%
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund
Homeland Security⁴	348	348	344	-4	-1%
Environmental Protection Agency	78	76	80	4	5%
Education	109	128	113	-15	-12%
Smithsonian Institution
Other	235	215	264	49	23%
SUBTOTAL	68,985	70,682	75,976	5,294	7%
Facilities and Equipment
Defense	256	18	165	147	817%
Health and Human Services	172	172	180	3	5%
Energy	792	931	1,048	117	13%
NASA	173	64	137	73	114%
National Science Foundation	397	437	445	8	2%
Agriculture	119	160	338	178	111%
Commerce	213	233	402	169	73%
Veterans Affairs		31	33	2	6%
Transportation	20	28	45	17	61%
Interior	13	39	2	-37	-95%
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund
Homeland Security⁴	433	433	8	-425	-98%
Environmental Protecton Agency	5	5	5	0	0%
Education
Smithsonian Institution	27	36	36	0	0%
Other	-3	-8
SUBTOTAL	2,617	2,579	2,844	265	10%

¹ Some numbers in the chapter taxt include non-R&D activities and thus will be different from the R&D numbers in this table.

² In this Budget, Department of Defense began reporting development activities from three additional accounts, adding $1.9 billion in FY 2014, $1.8 billion in FY 2015, and $1.5 billion in FY 2016,

³ Classification of R&D activities at the Federal Avaiation Administration have been recently updated.

⁴ As of the date the 2016 Budget was released, final 2015 appropriations tor the Department ol Homeland Security were not yet enacted. Therefore, the 2015 column of this table reflects amounts requested lor the Department of Homeland Security in the 2015 Budget.

SOURCE: Fiscal Year 2016 Analytical Perspectives of the U.S. Government, U.S. Government Printing Office, 2015, pp. 298–9, https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/budget/fy2016/assets/spec.pdf.

Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research: A New Regulatory Framework for the 21st Century (2016)

Chapter: Appendix E: Federal Research and Development Spending

Appendix E

Federal Research and Development Spending

My Academies

Optimizing the Nation's Investment in Academic Research: A New Regulatory Framework for the 21st Century (2016)

Chapter: Appendix E: Federal Research and Development Spending

Appendix E Federal Research and Development Spending

Appendix E

Federal Research and Development Spending