Bibliography

This bibliography is included to be a resource for practitioners and describes relevant reports and other documents from the 1970s to now. Many of these reports include case studies on art in transit or creative placemaking applications in transit. Other documents offer information on art in transit best practices, the benefits of public art and artistic involvement in infrastructure planning, and FTA guidance. Finally, two references offer excellent examples of planning documents for an art in transit program.

1. Almaguer, R., and J. Przyblyski. 2015. Formulating an Arts Policy for BART: Findings and Recommendations. Report, 70 pp. Bay Area Rapid Transit District (BART), San Francisco, CA. https://www.bart.gov/sites/default/files/docs/FINAL-ART%20POLICY%20REPORT..pdf.
   • This detailed and clear report, published before the 2015 FAST Act was enacted, presents findings and recommendations for revitalizing BARTʼs art program, including creating an external advisory committee and developing a master plan. The report describes existing conditions at BART, a survey of best practices and funding strategies, results of a survey of 10 art in transit programs, and a history of art in transit.
2. American Public Transit Association, Sustainable Urban Design Standards (SUDS) Working Group, Arts in Transit Subgroup. 2024. Best Practices for Integrating Art into Capital Projects, Revision 1. Washington, DC. https://www.apta.com/wp-content/uploads/APTA-SUDS-UD-RP-007-13_R1.pdf.
   • This guidance document succinctly describes the benefits of art in transit and presents best practices for program development, program management, funding, project planning and development, criteria for art, selection of artists, art contracts, technical review, fabrication, installation, documentation, maintenance and conservation, and education and ongoing engagement. Previous versions included the 1995 FTA Circular 9400.1A as an appendix.
3. Cidell, J., B. Kayzar, and A.P. Rivera. 2024. Utilizing Arts and Culture to Mitigate the Negative Impacts of Transportation Infrastructure on Communities. Report MN 2024-12, 105 pp. Minnesota Department of Transportation, St. Paul, MN.
   • This report presents case studies in Atlanta; El Paso; Grand Marais, MN; Mariposa, CA; Nashville; Pawtucket, RI; Portland, OR; San Diego; Tucson; Chattanooga; Los Angeles; Minnesota; and Washington State for evidence of the benefits of creative placemaking and incorporating arts and culture into transportation practices in mitigating effects on communities and building trust between communities and institutions. It finds that the benefits are significant but difficult to evaluate, provides recommendations related to process and management in creative placemaking, and emphasizes the benefits of artist-and-residency programs with recommendations for managing them.
4. Feuer, W. 1996. Art in Transit . . . Making It Happen. Report, 44 pp. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Transit Administration, Washington, DC. https://libraryarchives.metro.net/dpgtl/usdot/1996-art-in-transit-making-it-happen.pdf.

4. • This publication reviews a variety of case studies and lessons learned from the mid-1990s and earlier covering the benefits and uses of art in transit, including projects in San Francisco; Corpus Christi; Portland, OR; Miami; Los Angeles; Boston; St. Louis; Seattle and King County; and New York City.
5. Goldstein, B., A. Rawson, M. Tamari, and T. Wega. 2019. BART Arts Master Plan. Report, 67 pp. Bay Area Rapid Transit District (BART), San Francisco, CA. https://www.bart.gov/sites/default/files/docs/BARTArtMasterPlan_ReducedFileSize.pdf
   • This comprehensive arts master plan presents a vision, strategy, and framework for achieving an arts program for BART that will support an image of being a world-class, attractive, and durable system.
6. Rifkind, C., S.L. Beck, C.I. Roberts, D. Greenstein, D. Dietsch, S. Hooper, et al. 1983. The Way to Go: The Benefits of Quality Design in Transportation. Report, 132 pp. National Endowment for the Arts Design Arts Program and U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC.
   • This report for the USDOT and the NEA focuses on the case for design and art as essential elements in transportation planning to improve economic development, which ultimately comes from improved rider experience. It includes case studies on the Montréal Metro, Buffalo Metropolitan Transportation Center and light rail, Detroit trolleys, Cleveland right-of-way landscaping, TriMetʼs transit mall and express bus lanes, Philadelphiaʼs Fifth Street Station, the MBTAʼs Arts on the Line, New York MTAʼs platforms, San Franciscoʼs Golden Gate bus kiosks, the Grand Rapids GUS Bus, culture buses in New York and Chicago, art on Clevelandʼs bus, and poetry on buses.
7. Stone, B., and M. Nezam. 2017. Arts, Culture and Transportation: A Creative Placemaking Field Scan. Report, 58 pp. Transportation for America, Washington, DC. https://t4america.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Arts-Culture-Field-Scan.pdf.
   • This field scan summarizes the ways in which artists contribute to place-based transportation projects. While the document focuses on the artistic projects and processes that directly address transportation challenges and were produced in partnership with others working on that challenge, it also discusses art in transit and public art programs, including with TriMet in Portland, OR; bus shelters in Baltimore; and Atlantaʼs MARTA.
8. U.S. Federal Transit Administration. “Art and Non-Functional Landscaping in Federally Funded Public Transit Projects Frequently Asked Questions.” https://www.transit.dot.gov/funding/grants/grant-programs/art-and-non-functional-landscaping-federally-funded-public-transit.
   • This frequently asked questions web page provides a review of recent history in FTA guidance for art in transit, including definitions and descriptions of art in transit and current FTA policy regarding funding restrictions under the 2015 FAST Act.
9. VanderSchaaf, M., and B. Kayzar. 2021. Creative Placemaking in Rail Transit Corridors: APA Regional and Intergovernmental Planning Division Handbook. Report, 116 pp. American Planning Association Regional and Intergovernmental Planning Division. https://transportation.art/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Creative-Placemaking-in-Rail-Transit-Corridors.pdf.
   • This handbook presents case studies in Atlanta, Boston, Dallas, Denver, Miami, Minneapolis–St. Paul, Phoenix, and Seattle that demonstrate creative placemaking at transit stations, walksheds, public art trails, rights-of-way, and construction sites and for building regional identity and promoting transit. These also describe issues and insights related to financing and governance, stakeholder engagement, gentrification and displacement, and coordinating with regional agencies.