A
Absorption
calcium, 17
in heat increment of feeding, 4
iron, 19
protein, through gastrointestinal wall, 6
Algal toxins, 41
Alkaloids, dietary, 40
Amino acids
branched-chain, antagonisms, 12
in commonly used feeds, 64, 67
in cottonseed meal, 50
cystine, 12
dietary requirements, 8-10
digestibility, 45
in feeding response of fish, 36-37
in fish feeds, 49
imbalances, 13
lysine, 50
lysine-arginine antagonism, 12
as percentage of dietary protein, 10-11
phenylalanine, 12
in protein requirements, 6
relationships among, 12-13
in soybean meal, 50
sulfur, 12
tyrosine, 12
valine, 12-13
Ammonia, in protein catabolism, 4
Antibiotics, 34
Antinutrients
alkaloids, 40
cyclopropenoic fatty acids, 39
erucic acid, 40
glucosinolates, 39-40
gossypol, 39
hemagglutinating agents, 38
phytic acid, 38-39
sources of, 38
thiaminase, 40
trypsin inhibitors, 38
Arsenic, 42
Ascorbic acid, 31-32
Ash content in feeds, 47-48, 50
Aspergillus flavus, 40
Avidin, 29
Ayu
dietary fat requirements, 13, 14
vitamin B12 requirements, 30
B
Biotin
deficiency, 29
dietary requirements, 24, 29-30
role of, 29
Blood meal, 50
Bone, calcium requirements, 17
Bone meal, 50
C
Cadmium, 42
Calcium
intake and bioavailability, 17
requirements, 17
role of, 17
in tryptophan deficiency, 12
in zinc bioavailability, 20
nutrient availability in, 50
Carbohydrates
digestibility, 46-47
energy value, 5
in experimental diets, 52
in fish feeds, 49
heat of combustion of, 4
in protein digestibility, 45
sources of, 50
utilization, 15-16
Carcinogens
aflatoxins, 40-41
cyclopropenoic fatty acids, 39
gossypol, 39
bioavailability, 35
dietary sources, 35
role of, 36
for salmon, 60
Carp, common
biotin requirements, 29
calcium requirements, 17
carbohydrate metabolism, 15-16
choline requirements, 30
copper requirements, 19
dietary fat requirements, 13
essential fatty acid deficiency, 13
fat digestibility in, 46
high-ash diets in, 48
insulin metabolism, 16
iron requirements, 19
magnesium requirements, 18
manganese requirements, 20
mineral deficiency, 98-99
mineral digestibility in, 47, 48
myoinositol requirements, 31
niacin requirements, 29
nutrient requirements, 63
pantothenic acid requirements, 28
pigment deposition in, 36
protein requirement, 6
pyridoxine requirements, 28
response to feeding stimulants, 36
riboflavin requirements, 27
thiamin requirements, 27
vitamin A requirements, 22
vitamin B12 requirements, 30
vitamin C requirements, 31
vitamin deficiency, 100-102
vitamin E requirements, 26
zinc requirements, 20
Casein, in larval fish diet, 56
Cataracts, 11
copper in formation of, 19
zinc in formation of, 20
Cereal grains, as carbohydrate source, 16
Channel catfish
biotin requirements, 29
calcium requirements, 17
carbohydrate digestibility in, 47
carbohydrate metabolism, 5, 16
carbohydrate requirements, 16
choline requirements, 30
copper requirements, 19
daily feed allowances, 57
dietary fat requirements, 13
energy requirements, 6
fat digestibility in, 46
feeding practices for, 56-57
folate requirements, 30
gossypol in diets of, 39
hormonal supplements in diet of, 34
iron requirements, 19
magnesium requirements, 18
manganese requirements, 20
mineral deficiency, 98-99
mineral digestibility in, 47
myoinositol requirements, 31
nursery ponds, 56
nutrient digestibility, 45
nutrient requirements, 63
phosphorous requirements, 17, 18
phosphorous sources, 18
pigment deposition in, 35
production diets for, 52
protein requirement, 6
purified reference diets, 52
pyridoxine requirements, 28
riboflavin requirements, 27
sodium requirements, 19
soybean feeds for, 50
thiamin requirements, 27
vitamin A in, 22
vitamin B12 requirements, 30
vitamin D in, 24
vitamin deficiency, 100-102
vitamin E requirements, 26
vitamin requirements, 21
zinc bioavailability, 48
zinc requirements, 20
Chemically defined diets, definition, 11
Chlorinated hydrocarbons, 42
Chlorine, dietary requirements, 18-19
Chlortetracycline, 34
Choline
deficiency, 30-31
dietary requirements, 24-25, 31
role of, 30
Chromium, 21
Copper, 16
dietary requirements, 19
sources of, 19
toxicity, 19-20
Cottonseed meal
cyclopropenoic fatty acids in, 39
lysine in, 50
nutrient availability, 50
Cyclopiazonic acid, 41
Cyclopropenoic fatty acids, 39
D
DDT, 42
Diabetes, 16
Diets
catfish, 56-57
chemically defined, 11
experimental, 52
formulation of, 49-50
goals for fish, 49
high-protein, 4
of larval fish, 55-56
live foods, 56
minimum-cost, 49-50
natural ingredient, 11, 20, 39, 52
nutrient requirement data for, 49
rainbow trout, 58
salmonids, 60-61
striped bass, 58
tilapia, 57
transition from live to dry, 55
See also Feedstuffs
Digestibility
amino acids, 45
carbohydrate, 46-47
definition, 43
lipid, 46
meal size and, 44
measurement, 43-44
minerals, 47-48
monitoring feedstuffs for, 50-51
of nutrients, 44-45
protein, 45
water temperature and, 44
in commonly used feeds, 64-66
E
Eel
biotin requirements, 29
calcium requirements, 17
choline requirements, 30
dietary fat requirements, 13
folate requirements, 30
iron requirements, 19
myoinositol requirements, 31
pantothenic acid requirements, 28
phosphorous requirements, 18
pyridoxine requirements, 28
riboflavin requirements, 27
thiamin requirements, 27
vitamin B12 requirements, 30
vitamin C requirements, 32
vitamin deficiency, 100-102
Electrolytes, 17
Energy requirements
calculation, 5-6
measurement, 3
metabolizable energy, 3-4, 4-5
rainbow trout, 58-60
Energy value
determinants of, 4
digestibility determination, 43-44
lipids, 5
proteins, 7-8
Erucic acid, dietary, 40
Erythrocyte production
folate in, 30
vitamin B12 in, 30
Erythromycin, 34
F
Fasting heat production, 4
Feather meal, 50
Feces
measurement techniques, 43-44
in measuring digestible energy, 5
Feeding practices
channel catfish, 56-57
larval fish, 55-56
rainbow trout, 58-60
salmonids, 60-61
striped bass, 58
tilapia, 57-58
Feed manufacture/processing
diet formulation, 49-50
digestibility considerations, 44
drying process temperature, 45
fatty acid enrichment of zooplankton, 56
granule diets, 51-52
microencapsulation, 52
moist feeds, 52
purified reference diets, 52
steam pelleting, 51
vitamin C in, 32
Feedstuffs
antibiotics in, 34
antinutrient contaminants, 38-40
antioxidants in, 34-35
biotin in, 30
carbohydrate sources, 50
choline in, 31
determinants of digestibility, 44
determinants of fish feeding-response, 36-37
determining digestibility of, 43-44
fiber in, 33-34
fish detection of, 36
folate in, 30
gossypol in, 39
heavy metals in, 41-42
hormonal supplements in, 34
hormone supplements in, 34
myoinositol in, 31
natural contaminants, 40-41
natural ingredient diets, 11, 20, 39, 52
niacin in, 29
oxidized oils in, 41
pantothenic acid in, 29
pellet binders in, 36
pesticide contamination, 42
phosphorous in, 18
processing of, 51-52
protein sources, 50
pyridoxine in, 28
quality standards, 50-51
rapeseed oil in, 39-40
riboflavin in, 28
stimulants, 36
thiamin in, 27
vitamin A in, 25
vitamin B12 in, 30
vitamin C in, 32
vitamin D in, 26
vitamin E in, 26
vitamin K in, 27
zinc in, 48
See also Diets
amino acid content, 6
arsenic in, 42
ash content, 47-48
dietary requirement, 50
for larval fish diets, 56
as magnesium source, 18
polychlorinated biphenyls in, 42
quality standards, 51
as selenium source, 21
white, 48
zinc in, 20
Flounder, 34
Fluoride, 21
Folate
deficiency, 30
dietary requirements, 24
role of, 30
Freshwater fish
calcium requirements, 17
dietary fat requirements, 13
magnesium requirements, 18
vitamin A in, 22
Fungal contaminants, 40-41
Furazolidone, 34
G
Gelatin, 6
of zinc, 20
Gilthead sea bream
fatty acid deficiency in, 14
pyridoxine requirements, 28
Glucose metabolism, 15-16
Glucosinolates, 39-40
Goldfish, 36
Gonadotropin, 34
Grain meals
carbohydrates in, 50
phosphorous availability in, 48
Growth/weight gain
amino acid requirements, 9
canola meal and, 40
carbohydrate metabolism, 15
dietary alkaloids and, 40
effects of phytic acid, 39
essential fatty acid requirements, 13
fiber in, 33
gossypol in, 39
iron deficiency in, 19
lipids in, 15
mycotoxin effects on, 41
protein-energy ratio in, 5
protein requirements, 6-8
selenium in, 20
steroids for, 34
vitamin K in, 27
water temperature and, 6-7
Guppy, magnesium requirements, 18
H
Heat increment of feeding (HiE), 4
Heat loss, 3-4
Heavy metals, 41-42
arsenic, 42
cadmium, 42
mercury, 41-42
polychlorinated biphenyls, 42
reducing toxicity of, 41
Hemagglutinating agents, 38
Herring, 34
High-protein diets, 4
Hormonal system
dietary supplements, 34
role in feeding, 56
in sex change, 34
Hyperglycemia, 16
I
Immune system
vitamin C in, 32
vitamin E in, 26
Indian catfish, 34
Insecticides, 42
Insulin metabolism, 16
Iodine
dietary requirements, 21
role of, 21
sources of, 21
Iron, 16
deficiency, 19
dietary requirements, 19
sources of, 19
toxicity, 19
K
Kidneys
fluoride effects, 21
L
Lake trout, choline requirements, 30
Larval fish
channel catfish, 56
feeding of, 55-56
striped bass, 58
Lipids
antioxidant use with, 34
deficiencies, 13-14
dietary requirements, 13-14
dietary role, 15
digestibility, 46
in formulating fish diets, 49
heat of combustion of, 4
oxidized feed oils, 41
polyunsaturated fatty acid, 13-15
structure, 13
temperature change response, 14-15
vitamin C and, 31
in zooplanktonic food, 56
Live foods, 56
transition to dry, 55
Lupin flour, 50
Lutein, 35
Lysine, 50
M
Magnesium, 16
deficiency, 18
dietary requirements, 18
role of, 18
sources of, 18
in tryptophan deficiency, 12
Maintenance energy, 4
Maintenance heat loss (HEm), 4
Manganese
deficiency, 20
dietary requirements, 20
role of, 20
sources of, 20
Marine fish
calcium requirements, 17
dietary fat requirements, 13-14
magnesium requirements, 18
vitamin A in, 22
Marine toxins, 41
Mercury, 41-42
Metabolizable energy
carbohydrate availability and, 47
in commonly used feeds, 64-66
Methionine, 22
in blood meal, 50
deficiency, 11
dietary requirement, 12
in vitamin synthesis, 21
Methodology/measurement
amino acid requirements, 9-10
assay diets, 44
digestibility coefficients, 43-44
energy requirements, 5-6
experimental diets, 52
fecal collection, 43-44
feed ingredient composition, 64
minimum-cost diets, 49-50
nutrient requirement data, 49, 62
Milkfish, 34
Minerals
calcium, 17
chlorine, 18
copper, 19-20
deficiency, symptoms of, 98-99
dietary role, 16-17
digestibility, 47-48
in feeds, 68
in formulating fish diets, 49
in heavy metal toxicity, 41
iodine, 21
iron, 19
magnesium, 18
manganese, 20
phosphorous, 17-18
phytic acid in bioavailability of, 38-39
potassium, 18-19
selenium, 20-21
sodium, 18-19
trytophan in metabolism of, 11-12
zinc, 20
Mollusks, 41
Mullet, grey, 34
Mycotoxins, 40-41
Myoinositol
deficiency, 31
sources of, 30
N
Natural ingredient diet, 11, 20, 39, 52
live foods, 56
zinc in, 20
Niacin
deficiency, 29
dietary requirements, 24
role of, 29
sources of, 29
toxicity, 29
Nitrogen
fecal, 43
in heat increment of feeding, 4
O
Oxidation of feed lipids, 41
Oxytetracycline, 34
P
Pantothenic acid
deficiency, 28
dietary requirements, 24
role of, 28
Parrotfish
myoinositol requirements, 31
pantothenic acid requirements, 28
thiamin requirements, 27
Peanuts, as protein source, 50
Pesticides, 42
Phosphates, 16
Phosphoinositide system
cellular mediation of, 31
myoinositol in, 30
Phosphorous
bioavailability, 47-48
deficiency, 17
dietary requirements, 17-18
role of, 17
in soybean meal, 50
Phytic acid, 38-39
Plaice, 34
Pollution, phosphorous, 48
Polychlorinated biphenyls, 42
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
dietary requirements, 13-14
in temperature change response, 14-15
Potassium, 16
deficiency, 19
dietary requirements, 18-19
in tryptophan deficiency, 12
Protein
in aflatoxin carcinogenicity, 41
amino acid synthesis, 6
digestibility, 44-45
in heat increment of feeding, 4
heat of combustion of, 4
hemagglutinating agents, 38
hydrolysis, 6
magnesium-protein interaction, 18
sources of, 50
structure, 6
trypsin inhibitors, 38
Protein-energy ratio, 5
Protein requirement
developmental factors, 6
in experimental diets, 52
in formulating fish diets, 49
for maximum growth, 6-8
tilapia pond diets, 57
water temperature and, 6-7
Pyridoxine
assessment, 28
deficiency, 28
dietary requirements, 24
forms of, 28
role of, 28
R
Rainbow trout.
See also Salmonids
amino acid requirements, 11
aversion to fungi in feeds, 41
biotin requirements, 29
carbohydrate consumption, 5
carbohydrate digestibility in, 47
chromium requirements, 21
cyclopropenoic fatty acids in diet of, 39
daily feed allowances, 58
energy requirements, 6
essential fatty acid deficiency, 13
fasting heat production, 4
fat digestibility in, 46
feed binders in, 36
feeding practices, 58-60
heat increment of feeding, 4
insulin metabolism, 16
iodine requirements, 21
magnesium requirements, 18
manganese requirements, 20
mercury in, 41-42
methionine requirements, 12
mineral digestibility in, 47, 48
myoinositol requirements, 31
nutrient requirements, 63
protein requirement, 7
pyridoxine requirements, 28
riboflavin requirements, 27-28
thiamin requirements, 27
vitamin A requirements, 22
vitamin D in, 25-26
vitamin E in, 26
zinc requirements, 20
Rapeseed
erucic acid in, 40
glucosinolates in, 39-40
nutrient availability in, 50
Red sea bream
antibiotics in diet of, 34
calcium requirements, 17
carbohydrate metabolism, 15-16
fatty acid deficiencies, 13, 14
hormonal supplements in diet of, 34
insulin metabolism, 16
iron requirements, 19
mineral deficiency, 98-99
myoinositol requirements, 31
phosphorous requirements, 17, 18
potassium requirements, 19
sodium requirements, 19
thiamin requirements, 27
vitamin deficiency, 100-102
Reproduction
in energy efficiency ratio, 6
essential fatty acid deficiency, 13
hormone supplements in, 34
manganese in, 20
vitamin C in, 32
zinc in, 20
Riboflavin
assessment, 28
deficiency, 27-28
role of, 27
toxicity, 28
Roach, 31
Rohu, 30
Rotifer, 56
S
Sablefish, 34
Salmonids.
See also Rainbow trout
adverse feeding reactions in, 37
amino acid antagonisms in, 12-13
amino acid deficiency, 98
antibiotics in diet of, 34
Atlantic, 60-61
calcium requirements, 17
canola meal in diet of, 39-40
carbohydrate metabolism, 15-16
copper requirements, 19-20
dietary fat requirements, 13
dietary fiber in, 33
feeding practices for, 60-61
fishmeal in diets of, 51
folate requirements, 30
gossypol in diets of, 39
hormonal supplements in diet of, 34
iodine requirements, 21
iron requirements, 19
larval, 55
methionine deficiency, 11
mineral deficiency, 98-99
mycotoxin contamination of feed, 40
niacin requirements, 29
nutrient digestibility, 44-45
nutrient requirements, 63
Pacific, 60
pantothenic acid requirements, 28
phosphorous requirements, 17-18
phosphorous sources for, 18
pigment deposition in, 35
potassium requirements, 19
production diets for, 52
purified reference diets, 52
pyridoxine requirements, 28
riboflavin requirements, 27
selenium requirements, 20-21
sodium requirements, 19
sources of dietary energy, 5
soybean feeds for, 50
tryptophan deficiencies, 11-12
vitamin A requirements, 22
vitamin B12 requirements, 30
vitamin deficiency, 100-102
vitamin E requirements, 26
vitamin requirements, 22
zinc requirements in, 39
Scales, calcium requirements, 17
Sea bass, 34
deficiency, 20-21
dietary requirements, 20-21
to reduce mercury toxicity, 42
role of, 20
sources of, 21
toxicity, 21
vitamin E interaction, 26
Serotonin, 11
Sex alteration, 34
Sodium, 16
dietary requirements, 18-19
in tryptophan deficiency, 12
Soybean meal
hemagglutinating agents in, 38
lysine in, 50
nutrient availability, 50
phytates in, 38-39
protein digestibility, 45
trypsin inhibitors in, 38
Steroids, 34
Striped bass
dietary fat requirements, 13-14
feeding practices for, 58
larval, 55
Striped jack, 14
Sturgeon, 16
Substrates, 4
Sulfadimethoxine/ormetoprim, 34
Sulfates, 16
Symptoms of dietary deficiencies/excesses, 98-102
abnormal cartilage development, 31
altered hepatic enzyme activity, 39
anemia, 19, 22, 26, 28, 30, 31
anorexia, 18, 19, 22, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 42
arterial sclerosis, 34
ascites, 31
ataxia, 29
bacterial kidney disease, 21
bone mineralization, 17
cataracts, 11, 18, 19, 20, 27-28
caudal fin necrosis, 22
clubbed gills, 28
congested fins, 27
corneal occlusion, 27
corneal opacity, 32
dark skin coloration, 22, 27, 30, 31
death, 13, 19, 20, 21, 22, 28, 40, 42
decreased intestinal lipase, 38
deformed jaws, 29
diarrhea, 19
droopy tail syndrome, 25
extended abdomens, 30
exudative diathesis, 20-21
fin erosion, 31
fin hemorrhage, 32
gill hyperplasia, 28
gonad dysfunction, 42
hemorrhages, 27
hemorrhagic kidney, 22
hemorrhagic liver, 22
hepatic enzyme disorders, 17
hepatoma, 40
hepatomas, 39
Hitra disease, 19
hypercalcemia, 25
hyperglycemia, 16
hyperplasia of gill epithelium, 42
hypocalcemia, 25
increased bacterial infection, 21, 30
increased fat deposition, 15, 17, 29, 39, 40
increased glycogen deposition, 39
increased liver fat, 25, 30, 31
intestinal lesions, 29
kidney granulomatosis, 32
kidney lesions, 40
lesions, 39
lipid degeneration, 35
lordosis, 31
muscle degeneration, 18
myocarditis, 13
protruded eyes, 30
reduced blood phosphate, 17
renal calcinosis, 18, 21, 25-26
reproductive performance, 13, 20, 32
skeletal abnormalities, 20
slow gastric emptying, 31
tetany, 19
thyroid dysfunction, 21, 39, 42
twisted gill opercula, 22
underdeveloped swim bladder, 13
vascular degeneration, 34
vertebral abnormalities, 17, 18
whole-body hypercalcinosis, 18
See also Growth/weight gain
T
Thiamin
Thiaminase, 40
Thyroid
diet and, 56
glucosinolates in dysfunction of, 39
iodine intake effects, 21
Tilapia
calcium requirements, 17
carbohydrate consumption, 5
carbohydrate digestibility in, 47
carbohydrate metabolism, 16
dietary fat requirements, 13
feeding practices for, 57-58
gossypol in diet of, 39
magnesium requirements, 18
manganese requirements, 20
mineral deficiency, 98-99
nutrient digestibility, 45
nutrient requirements, 63
phosphorous sources for, 18
protein requirement, 6
response to feeding stimulants, 36
vitamin A in, 22
vitamin B12 requirements, 30
zinc requirements, 20
Trimethylamine, 37
Trypsin inhibitors, 38
Tryptophan
deficiency, 11-12
in niacin synthesis, 29
Turbot
adverse feeding reactions in, 37
thiamin requirements, 27
U
Urine, 3-4
V
Vitamin A
deficiency, 22
role of, 22
sources of, 22
storage, 22
toxicity, 22
Vitamin B6. See Pyridoxine
Vitamin B12
deficiency, 30
role of, 30
Vitamin C
assessment, 32
deficiency, 31-32
sources of, 31
Vitamin D
deficiency, 25
sources of, 25
storage, 22
toxicity, 25-26
Vitamin E
as antioxidant, 34-35
assessment, 26
oxidized feed oils and, 41
selenium interaction, 26
sources of, 26
storage, 22
toxicity, 26
Vitamin K
deficiency, 27
dietary requirements, 23
forms of, 26-27
role of, 26
sources of, 27
storage, 22
Vitamins
in commonly used feeds, 69
dietary requirements, 21-22, 23-25
in formulating fish diets, 49
role of, 21
sources of, 21
water-soluble, 27
See also specific vitamin
Vomitoxin, 41
W
Water temperature
in catfish feeding, 57
digestibility and, 44
in heat increment of feeding, 4
lipid responses to change in, 14-15
protein requirement and, 6-7
in rainbow trout feeding, 58-60
Weight gain. See Growth/weight gain
Winter flounder, 34
Y
Yellowtail
aversive feeding reactions in, 37
carbohydrate metabolism, 16
folate requirements, 30
high-carbohydrate diets, 15
insulin metabolism, 16
iron requirements, 19
myoinositol requirements, 31
pantothenic acid requirements, 28
pigment deposition in, 36
pyridoxine requirements, 28
vitamin A requirements, 22
vitamin C requirements, 32
vitamin deficiency, 100-102
vitamin E requirements, 26
Z
Zain, 6
Zinc, 16
bioavailability, 48
dietary requirements, 20
intake and bioavailability, 20
sources of, 20
in soybean meal feeds, 39
Zooplankton, 56
|
Nutrient Requirements of Horses, 5th Rev. Ed., 1989 |
0-309-03989-4 |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 6th Rev. Ed., Update 1989 |
0-309-03826-X |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Swine, 9th Rev. Ed., 1988 |
0-309-03779-4 |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Cats, Rev. Ed., 1986 |
0-309-03682-8 |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Sheep, 6th Rev. Ed., 1985 |
0-309-03596-1 |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Dogs, Rev. Ed., 1985 |
0-309-03496-5 |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 8th Rev. Ed., 1984 |
0-309-03486-8 |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle, 6th Rev. Ed., 1984 |
0-309-03447-7 |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Warm-water Fishes and Shellfishes, Rev. Ed., 1983 |
0-309-03428-0 |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Mink and Foxes, Rev. Ed., 1982 |
0-309-03325-X |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Cold-water Fishes, 1981 |
0-309-03187-7 |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Goats, 1981 |
0-309-03185-0 |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals, 3rd Rev. Ed., 1978 |
0-309-02767-5 |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates, 1978 |
0-309-02786-1 |
|
Nutrient Requirements of Rabbits, 2nd Rev. Ed., 1977 |
0-309-02607-5 |
|
Predicting Feed Intake of Food-Producing Animals, 1987 |
0-309-03695-X |
|
Vitamin Tolerance of Animals, 1987 |
0-309-03728-X |
Further information, additional titles of Board on Agriculture publications, and prices are available from the National Academy Press, 2101 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, D.C. 20418. PHONE: 1-202-334-3313 (information only); 1-800-624-6242 (orders only); 1-202-334-2451 (fax).