Public Transit Workforce Development for Zero-Emission Vehicles
2025

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Public transportation agencies throughout the United States have introduced, or are planning to introduce, zero-emission buses and supporting technologies into their fleets. Consequently, transit agencies need to train current employees and hire new employees with the relevant skills to safely and effectively operate and maintain these complex vehicles.

TCRP Research Report 252: Public Transit Workforce Development for Zero-Emission Vehicles, from TRB’s Transit Cooperative Research Program, identifies and is organized around seven areas (referred to as tasks) that transit agencies will need to address. Each task identifies the skills and knowledge needed by transit agency frontline employees to operate and maintain zero-emission vehicles in revenue service, specifically full-size, 40- to 60-foot battery-electric and fuel-cell buses.

Publication information

114 pages · 8.5 x 11 · paperback
ISBN Paperback: 0-309-60102-9
ISBN Ebook: 0-309-60103-7
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17226/29287

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National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Public Transit Workforce Development for Zero-Emission Vehicles. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.

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Front Matter i-x
Summary 1-5
1 Introduction 6-11
2 Identify Needed ZEV Skills 12-15
3 Assess Workforce Readiness 16-20
4 Develop a Systematic Process for Building Skills 21-23
5 Cultivate OEM Support 24-29
6 Establish Training Resources and Capacity 30-34
7 Build Foundational Electrical Skills 35-37
8 Recruit and Retain Workforce to Operate and Maintain ZEVs 38-42
9 Lessons from Other Industries 43-44
10 Key Findings and Conclusions 45-47
References 48-51
List of Acronyms 52-52
Appendix A: Methodology 53-61
Appendix B: Case Studies and Case Profiles 62-78
Appendix C: Focus Group Summaries 79-86
Appendix D: Industry Survey 87-96
Appendix E: Skills-Gap Survey Example 97-104

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Public Transit Workforce Development for Zero-Emission Vehicles (2025)

Chapter: 4 Develop a Systematic Process for Building Skills

Publication information

Suggested citation

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Public Transit Workforce Development for Zero-Emission Vehicles (2025)

Chapter: 4 Develop a Systematic Process for Building Skills