Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials (2024)

Chapter: Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL

Previous Chapter: Appendix I: Design Example 7 - Liquefaction in Gravel Using PileAXL and TZPILE
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.

APPENDIX J

Design Example 8 — Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL

Table J1. Budge and Dasenbrock (2016) MN 74551 data.

Pile MaterialSteel
Pile ShapeH-Pile (HP12x53)
Pile Width [in]12
Pile Height [in]11.8
Pile Web and Flange Thickness [in]0.435
Pile Area [in2]15.19
Pile Embedded Length [ft]52
Pile Modulus [ksi]29000
Top Load on Pile [lb]0
Number of Pile Increments52
Soil Compression Ratio (Rc)0.033
Soil Recompression Ratio (Rr)0.005
Depositional EnvironmentNormally Consolidated
Ground Water Table Depth [ft]0
Fill Height [ft]29
Fill Unit Weight [pcf]120

The data for the design example that is contained herein were obtained from Budge and Dasenbrock (2016). Specific information related to the piles for the Minnesota 74551 bridge is included in Table J1. The MN 74551 bridge was constructed as a grade separation/overpass for an existing railway line. The soils at the site were normally consolidated and the settlement resulting from the overpass fill was of concern for drag load and downdrag development on the abutment piles. The piles that were driven at the site were HP12x53 H-piles (width=12in, web thickness=0.435in, pile area=15.19in2). The piles were driven to an embedded length of 52 feet with an additional 30 feet of stickup to protrude through the embankment fill. At 52 feet, the piles were expected to encounter a rock bearing layer (Figure J1). Downdrag and drag load prevention methods in the form of corrugated metal pile sleeves within the fill were used. Several of the piles were also instrumented to investigate the amount of reduction attributed to the prevention methods. Method A (flow chart provided on next page) as proposed by the NCHRP12-116A team was employed.

Soil properties for the MN bridge site
Figure J1. Soil properties for the MN bridge site.
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.

Step 1: Establish oil data

The undrained shear strength was correlated with the N60 corrected blow count values using the atmospheric pressure, pa=2116psf (Equation 1). The soil layering was developed based on the observed SPT blow count values and the obtained moisture content profile. An undrained shear strength value is presented for the rock layer below 52 feet instead of an unconfined compression strength because the Ensoft TZPILE(Ensoft 2021) program does contain pre-programmed t-z and q-w curves for rock.

c u p q = 0.6 N 60 Eqn. 1 (Kulhawy and Mayne, 1990)
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.

presentation

Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.

Step 2: Determine soil settlement

Similar to Design Example 1, the amount of expected soil settlement is determined using consolidation theory. The soil settlement profile shown in Figure J2 was created by discretizing the soil into sublayers (52, 1ft thick layers) and then calculating the amount of settlement within each sublayer resulting from a non-symmetric 29ft thick, 28.7ft crest, 59ft base embankment fill (Figure J3), with a unit weight of 120pcf, being placed on top of the two-layer clay soil profile overlaying the weathered rock layer and parent rock. The irregular shape of the embankment was attributed to the existing railway right-of-way on the left side of the embankment shown in Figure J3. Equations similar to those used in Design Example 1 were used to determine the soil settlement. Two differences were observed between the soil settlement calculations contained herein and the soil settlement calculations in Design Example 1. These include: 1) the embankment is not symmetric about the center therefore influence factors for both the left and the right side of the embankment must be determined as a function of depth, and 2) the compression and recompression ratios were used for the settlement calculations instead of soil modulus values. The equations used to find the influence factor (I) are presented in Equations 2 through 4. The variables required in Equations 2 through 4 are presented in Figure J3. The amount of settlement was determined for each sublayer using Equations 5 and 6. The z, σzo′, α, I, ∆σ, σzf’, and δ are presented in Table J2.

Soil settlement profile for the MN bridge site
Figure J2. Soil settlement profile for the MN bridge site.
I = 1 π [ ( B 1 + B 2 B 2 ) ( α 1 + α 2 ) B 1 B 2 ( α 1 ) ] Eqn. 2
α 1 ( r a d i a n s ) = t a n 1 ( B 1 z ) Eqn. 3
α 2 ( r a d i a n s ) = t a n 1 ( B 1 + B 2 z ) t a n 1 ( B 1 z ) Eqn. 4
Δ σ = q I = ( γ f i l l H f i l l ) I Eqn. 5
S u l t , i n c r e m e n t = R c * t * log ( σ o ¯ + Δ σ σ o ) Eqn. 6
Embankment geometry for the MN bridge site
Figure J3. Embankment geometry for the MN bridge site.
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.

Table J2. Parameters used to find soil settlement.

Layer Depthzσzoα1,Lα1,LILα1,Rα1,RIRΣ(I)∆σσ′zfδincΣδ
0-10.528.80.0251.4460.5000.0141.5510.5001.000347935080.0690.069
1-21.586.40.0671.2120.4930.0431.5100.5000.993345535420.0540.123
2-32.51440.0951.0120.4730.0711.4700.5000.973338735310.0460.169
3-43.5201.60.1080.8520.4430.0991.4300.5000.943328234840.0410.210
4-54.5259.20.1110.7270.4080.1261.3900.5000.908316134200.0370.247
5-65.5316.80.1090.6290.3740.1531.3510.5000.873303933560.0340.281
6-76.5374.40.1040.5520.3410.1791.3130.4990.840292532990.0310.313
7-87.54320.0980.4900.3120.2051.2750.4990.811282232540.0290.342
8-98.5489.60.0920.4400.2860.2301.2390.4980.785273132200.0270.369
9-109.5547.20.0860.3990.2640.2531.2030.4980.762265031970.0250.395
10-1110.5604.80.0800.3640.2440.2761.1680.4970.741257931840.0240.419
11-1211.5662.40.0750.3350.2270.2981.1340.4960.723251631780.0230.441
12-1312.57200.0710.3100.2110.3191.1010.4950.707245931790.0210.463
13-1413.5777.60.0670.2880.1980.3391.0700.4940.692240931860.0200.483
14-1514.5835.20.0630.2690.1860.3581.0390.4930.679236331980.0190.502
15-1615.5892.80.0590.2530.1750.3761.0090.4920.667232132140.0180.521
16-1716.5950.40.0560.2380.1650.3930.9810.4900.656228232330.0180.538
17-1817.510080.0540.2250.1570.4090.9530.4890.646224732550.0170.555
18-1918.51065.60.0510.2130.1490.4240.9270.4870.636221432800.0160.572
19-2019.51123.20.0490.2020.1420.4380.9020.4850.627218333060.0160.587
20-2120.51180.80.0470.1930.1350.4510.8770.4840.619215433350.0150.602
21-2221.51238.40.0450.1840.1290.4630.8540.4820.611212633650.0140.617
22-2322.512960.0430.1760.1240.4740.8310.4800.604210033960.0140.630
23-2423.51353.60.0410.1690.1190.4840.8090.4770.596207534290.0130.644
24-2524.51411.20.0390.1620.1140.4940.7880.4750.589205134630.0130.657
25-2625.51468.80.0380.1560.1100.5030.7680.4730.583202834970.0130.669
26-2726.51526.40.0370.1500.1060.5110.7490.4700.576200635320.0120.681
27-2827.515940.0350.1440.1020.5190.7310.4680.570198535790.0120.693
28-2928.51661.60.0340.1390.0990.5260.7130.4650.564196436250.0110.704
29-3029.51729.20.0330.1350.0960.5320.6960.4630.558194336730.0110.715
30-3130.51796.80.0320.1300.0930.5380.6800.4600.553192437200.0110.726
31-3231.51864.40.0310.1260.0900.5430.6640.4580.547190437690.0100.736
32-3332.519320.0300.1220.0870.5470.6490.4550.542188538170.0100.746
33-3433.51999.60.0290.1190.0840.5510.6340.4520.537186738670.0100.755
34-3534.52067.20.0280.1150.0820.5550.6200.4490.531184939160.0090.764
35-3635.52134.80.0280.1120.0800.5580.6070.4460.526183139660.0090.773
36-3736.52202.40.0270.1090.0780.5610.5940.4440.521181440160.0090.782
37-3837.522700.0260.1060.0760.5630.5820.4410.516179740670.0080.790
38-3938.52337.60.0260.1040.0740.5650.5690.4380.511178041170.0080.799
39-4039.52405.20.0250.1010.0720.5670.5580.4350.507176341690.0080.807
40-4140.52472.80.0240.0980.0700.5680.5470.4320.502174742200.0080.814
41-4241.52540.40.0240.0960.0680.5690.5360.4290.497173142710.0070.822
42-4342.526080.0230.0940.0670.5700.5260.4260.493171543230.0070.829
43-4443.52675.60.0230.0920.0650.5710.5160.4230.488170043750.0070.836
44-4544.52743.20.0220.0900.0640.5710.5060.4200.484168444270.0070.843
45-4645.52810.80.0220.0880.0630.5710.4960.4170.480166944800.0070.850
46-4746.52878.40.0210.0860.0610.5710.4870.4140.475165445330.0070.856
47-4847.529460.0210.0840.0600.5700.4790.4110.471163945850.0060.863
48-4948.53018.60.0200.0820.0590.5700.4700.4080.467162546430.0060.869
49-5049.53091.20.0200.0810.0580.5690.4620.4050.463161047020.0060.875
50-5150.53163.80.0200.0790.0560.5680.4540.4020.459159647600.0060.881
51-5251.53236.40.0190.0780.0550.5670.4460.3990.455158248190.0060.887
z=layer midpoint depth [ft], σ′z=vertical effective stress [psf], α1 and α2=angles [radians] from Figure J3, I=influence factor, ∆σ=change in stress [psf], δinc=settlement of sublayer [ft], Σδ (from bottom to top) = soil settlement profile (Figure J2). L=left, R=right, o=initial, f=final.
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.

Step 3: Establish pile data

The pile data was loaded into the Innovative Geotechnics (2023) PileAXL program (Version 2.5). As mentioned in the description of the previous design examples that used the Innovative Geotechnics programs, the programs only accept metric units. Therefore, many of the parameters were converted between imperial units and metric units. The input data, within the PileAXL program, are shown in Figures J4 through J12. The pile section properties and analysis options are shown in Figures J4 and J5, respectively. As recommended by Innovative Geotechnics, the User Defined option was selected to prevent the use of the gross area of the pile.

Establishment of pile section data within the PileAXL software program
Figure J4. Establishment of pile section data within the PileAXL software program.
Establishment of the pile length, number of increments, top load, and design code
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Figure J5. Establishment of the pile length, number of increments, top load, and design code.
Partial factors of safety used within the PileAXL software program
Figure J6. Partial factors of safety used within the PileAXL software program.

Step 4: Compute unit side resistance

The working load design approach that was utilized is presented in Figure J6. As with all of the other design examples, all of the used loads were unfactored loads and all of the determined resistances were unfactored resistances. Therefore, the factors of safety values in Figure J6 were set to unity. The different soil layer materials were created using the Material Sets, as shown in Figure J7. Each of the materials was created and then modified by selecting the Edit button to enable input of the various soil parameters (material type, material name, total unit weight, undrained shear strength, and undrained shear strength increase) as shown in Figure J8. Although the bearing layer was rock and there is a rock option in the PileAXL software, the PileAXL software required unconfined compressive strength that was not available. Therefore, clay parameters were used for the rock layer; the undrained shear strength (1276kPa) was selected from back-analyzing nominal unit tip resistance values for dolomite (240ksf) that were recommended by the Illinois Department of Transportation (2009). After assigning material properties to the respective layers (Figure J9), all of the maximum unit end bearing and maximum unit side resistance values remained at the default values (Figure J10). All of the required information was available within the program at the end of the definition of soil layers stage (Figure J11). The program was then executed to obtain the desired results that are presented in Figure J12 and Table J3. The discretized side resistance is represented as ∆Q in Table J3.

Define - Soil Materials within the PileAXL software program
Figure J7. Define - Soil Materials within the PileAXL software program.

Steps 5 and 6: Develop the depth-dependent load profile anddepth-dependent resistance profile

The depth-dependent load profile and resistance profile data are presented in Table J3. Specifically, the load data are represented by the variable Q in Table J3 and the resistance data are represented as R in Table J3.

Steps 7, 8, and 9: Develop the depth-dependent combined load-resistance curve, identify the location of the neutral plane, and calculate the drag load in the pile

The depth-dependent combined load-resistance curve is plotted in Figure J13. The combined curve was developed by plotting the minimum value of load and resistance at each depth, as a function of depth (Figure J13). The location of the neutral plane was identified as the depth at which the maximum value of the load-resistance value occurred. From the load-resistance curve, the neutral plane was identified

Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.

to occur at a depth of 43ft below the existing ground surface. The drag load was determined to be 44.0tons.

Steps 10 and 11: Calculate the toe movement and elastic compression in the pile; determine geotechnical resistance of the pile

As shown in Figure J14, a calculated pile head movement of 0.441in and a geotechnical resistance of 88.8kN were obtained. For completeness, the data contained in Figure J14 are also tabulated in Table J4. According to the NCHRP12-116A Method A flowchart, the soil settlement-pile settlement data (Step 12) are not required because the pile is tipped into rock. Although toe movement and elastic compression were obtained, these values are not presented because Step 12 was not needed.

Step 13: Perform limit state checks

Limit state checks were performed to determine if the pile size was suitable for the design loads. For the structural strength limit state, the determined drag load (44tons) was multiplied by the drag load factor (γDR=1.1) to obtain a factored drag load of 48tons. The unfactored and factored top load deadload were 0tons. The combined total factored load was 48tons. The yield stress for the steel pile was assumed to be 45ksi resulting in a factored structural stress of 40.5ksi (0.9*45ksi) and a factored structural strength of 308tons when the stress was multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the pile wall (15.19in2). If Grade 3 A-252 HP12x53 H-piles were used then the piles are adequately sized; the factored structural strength was determined to be greater than the combined total factored load.

Define – Soil Materials – Edit within the PileAXL software program for the different materials
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Define – Soil Materials – Edit within the PileAXL software program for the different materials
Figure J8. Define – Soil Materials – Edit within the PileAXL software program for the different materials.
Define – Soil Layers within the PileAXL software program
Figure J9. Define – Soil Layers within the PileAXL software program.
Define – Soil Layers – Edit within the PileAXL software program for the different soil layers
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Define – Soil Layers – Edit within the PileAXL software program for the different soil layers
Figure J10. Define – Soil Layers – Edit within the PileAXL software program for the different soil layers.
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Main window of Pile AXL after inputting all of the required data
Figure J11. Main window of Pile AXL after inputting all of the required data.
PileAXL output data window after analyzing the data
Figure J12. PileAXL output data window after analyzing the data.
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.

Table J3. PileAXL output for the MN 74551 bridge abutment piles.

DepthULS fsULS QsULS Qb∆QQRmin(Q,R)δpileComments:
ULS fs = Ultimate unit side resistance (PileAXL output), ULS Qs = Ultimate total side resistance (PileAXL output), ULS Qb = Ultimate bearing resistance (PileAXL output), ∆Q = discretized side resistance (Excel calculation), Q = cumulative load in the pile (Excel calculation), R= resistance from soil surrounding pile; resistance values are calculated at the top of each sublayer (Excel calculation), min(Q,R) = minimum of Q and R for each depth (Excel calculation), δpile=Settlement of pile obtained by determining the pile head movement from the PileAXL load-settlement curve (Figure J13) and the elastic compression.
[ft][tsf][tons][tons][tons][tons][tons][tons][in]
0.0000.7000.0000.3610.3280.00089.0990.0000.441
1.0001.0670.3280.3610.4340.32888.7700.3280.441
2.0001.2690.7620.3610.4970.76288.3360.7620.441
3.0001.4041.2590.3610.5411.25987.8401.2590.441
4.0001.5091.8010.3610.5771.80187.2981.8010.441
5.0001.5962.3780.3610.6072.37886.7212.3780.441
6.0001.6702.9840.3610.6332.98486.1142.9840.441
7.0001.7363.6170.3610.6563.61785.4813.6170.441
8.0001.7954.2730.3610.6774.27384.8254.2730.441
9.0001.8484.9500.3610.6964.95084.1494.9500.441
10.0001.8985.6460.3610.7145.64683.4525.6460.441
11.0001.9436.3600.3610.7306.36082.7396.3600.441
12.0001.9867.0900.3610.7467.09082.0097.0900.441
13.0002.0267.8360.3610.7647.83681.2637.8360.441
14.0002.0838.6000.3610.7888.60080.4998.6000.441
15.0002.1579.3870.3610.8159.38779.7119.3870.441
16.0002.22710.2020.3610.84010.20278.89710.2020.441
17.0002.29611.0420.3610.86611.04278.05611.0420.441
18.0002.36211.9080.3610.89011.90877.19111.9080.441
19.0002.42712.7980.3610.91412.79876.30112.7980.441
20.0012.49013.7120.3610.93713.71275.38713.7120.441
21.0012.55214.6490.3610.95914.64974.45014.6490.441
22.0012.61215.6080.3610.98215.60873.49115.6080.441
23.0012.67116.5900.3611.00316.59072.50916.5900.440
24.0012.72817.5930.3611.02417.59371.50617.5930.440
25.0012.78418.6170.3611.04518.61770.48218.6170.440
26.0012.83919.6620.3611.07419.66269.43719.6620.440
27.0012.94120.7360.3711.12020.73668.36320.7360.440
28.0013.08521.8550.3921.17321.85567.24421.8550.440
29.0013.22923.0280.4121.22723.02866.07023.0280.440
30.0013.37324.2550.4321.28024.25564.84424.2550.440
31.0013.51625.5350.4521.33325.53563.56425.5350.439
32.0013.66026.8690.4731.38726.86962.23026.8690.439
33.0013.80428.2550.4931.44028.25560.84328.2550.439
34.0013.94729.6960.5131.49429.69659.40329.6960.439
35.0014.09131.1890.5331.54731.18957.91031.1890.439
36.0014.23532.7360.5541.60032.73656.36232.7360.439
37.0014.37834.3370.5741.65434.33754.76234.3370.438
38.0014.52235.9900.5941.70735.99053.10835.9900.438
39.0014.66537.6980.6141.76037.69851.40137.6980.438
40.0014.80939.4580.6351.81439.45849.64139.4580.438
41.0014.95241.2720.6551.86741.27247.82741.2720.438
42.0015.09643.1390.6751.92043.13945.96043.1390.437
43.0015.23945.0590.6951.97445.05944.04044.0400.437
44.0015.38347.0330.7162.02747.03342.06642.0660.437
45.0015.52649.0600.7362.08049.06040.03940.0390.437
46.0015.66951.1400.7562.13451.14037.95937.9590.436
47.0015.81353.2730.7762.33853.27335.82535.8250.436
48.0016.77255.6121.0292.83755.61233.48733.4870.436
49.0018.49458.4481.5253.53958.44830.65130.6510.436
50.00110.55561.9882.0214.28761.98827.11127.1110.436
51.00112.51666.2742.51810.17466.27422.82422.8240.435
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
52.00142.23976.44812.65076.44812.65012.6500.435
PileAXL obtained neutral plane
Figure J13. PileAXL obtained neutral plane.
Load-settlement curve from PileAXL after being changed to imperial units. The unfactored top load applied to pile in PileAXL program to develop the cure was 600kN
Figure J14. Load-settlement curve from PileAXL after being changed to imperial units. The unfactored top load applied to pile in PileAXL program to develop the cure was 600kN.

Table J4. Load-settlement curve data.

δheadQheadComments:
δhead=Pile head movement, Qhead=Pile head load
[in][tons]
0.0000.0
0.0187.9
0.03615.7
0.05623.6
0.07731.5
0.10039.3
0.12647.2
0.15555.1
0.18762.9
0.22770.8
0.28878.7
0.44188.8
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.

Conclusion:

The influence of the hard layer that the pile was tipped into caused the neutral plane to be located closer to the tip of the pile. Inputs for the maximum end bearing resistance and maximum unit side for dolomite obtained from the Illinois Department of Transportation (2009) were input for the analyses. From the PileAXL analyses, the neutral plane was determined to occur at a depth of 43 feet, a drag load of 44 tons.

References

Budge, A.S. Dasenbrock, D.D. (2016). “The Downdrag Response of a Driven Pile Bridge Foundation in Minnesota.” Proceedings of GeoVancouver 2016, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, October.

Ensoft (2021). “TZPILE v. 2021”. Software Program.

Illinois Department of Transportation. (2009). “Axial Geotechnical Resistance of Driven Piles.” 10 pgs.

Innovative Geotechnics Pty Ltd. (2023). “PileAXL 2.5: A Program for Single Piles Under Axial Loading”. Software Program.

Kulhawy, F.H. and Mayne, P.W. (1990). Manual on Estimating Soil Properties for Foundation Design. Electric Power Research Institute EL-6800, Project 1493-6, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA

Table B.1. Statistical output for Bohn et al. (2017) Cubic Root relationship.

Averages
Bohn et al. (2017) Cubic Root Mean BiasCOV BiasNRMSE
ASteelPlastic0.9729.8416.7%
Granular1.0233.5023.8%
ConcretePlastic0.9934.8620.2%
Granular1.0034.5518.1%
BSteelPlastic1.0030.4621.9%
Granular1.0333.3421.1%
ConcretePlastic1.0627.0520.3%
Granular1.0131.8919.4%

Table B.2. Statistical output for Vijayvergiya (1977) relationship.

Averages
Vijayvergiya (1977)Mean BiasCOV BiasNRMSE
ASteelPlastic0.7834.7023.7%
Granular0.8035.6227.6%
ConcretePlastic0.7438.8825.8%
Granular0.7436.5624.8%
BSteelPlastic0.8336.8329.2%
Granular0.8038.6928.9%
ConcretePlastic0.7730.9623.0%
Granular0.7635.7524.7%

Table B.3. Statistical output for Bohn et al. (2017) Hyperbolic relationship.

Averages
Bohn et al. (2017) Hyperbolic Mean BiasCOV BiasNRMSE
ASteelPlastic1.8044.3516.4%
Granular1.3145.8024.0%
ConcretePlastic1.0038.7019.1%
Granular1.1034.6718.1%
BSteelPlastic2.0148.2023.3%
Granular1.5648.5623.5%
ConcretePlastic1.0725.3816.6%
Granular1.1837.8117.8%

Table B.4. Statistical output for Mosher (1984) relationship.

Averages
Mosher (1984)Mean BiasCOV BiasNRMSE
ASteelPlastic
Granular2.6546.6625.3%
ConcretePlastic
Granular1.4639.8525.5%
BSteelPlastic
Granular2.0148.1429.2%
ConcretePlastic
Granular1.4042.9822.2%

*Plastic soils not considered for Mosher (1984), because it was developed for granular soils.

Table B.5. Statistical output for API (2002) relationship.

Averages
API (2002)Mean BiasCOV BiasNRMSE
ASteelPlastic2.1452.3319.5%
Granular1.0550.6931.8%
ConcretePlastic0.9545.9722.7%
Granular0.8141.4628.0%
BSteelPlastic2.4556.1626.4%
Granular1.1452.7832.4%
ConcretePlastic0.9729.3517.7%
Granular0.8546.3828.1%

Table B.6. Statistical output for Coyle and Reese (1966) relationship.

Averages
Coyle and Reese (1966)Mean BiasCOV BiasNRMSE
ASteelPlastic0.9943.5627.8%
Granular
ConcretePlastic0.8250.8031.6%
Granular
BSteelPlastic1.9556.1827.8%
Granular
ConcretePlastic0.9341.7831.3%
Granular

*Granular soils not considered for Coyle and Reese (1966), because it was developed for plastic soils.

Depth [m]Axial Force [kN]Axial Stress [kN/m2]Soil Settlement [m]Pile Settlement [m]
0.000E+002.225E+031.534E+043.200E-019.047E-02
8.352E-012.240E+031.545E+042.967E-018.994E-02
1.670E+002.257E+031.556E+042.734E-018.940E-02
2.506E+002.273E+031.568E+042.502E-018.886E-02
3.341E+002.291E+031.580E+042.269E-018.831E-02
4.176E+002.309E+031.593E+042.036E-018.776E-02
5.011E+002.329E+031.606E+041.803E-018.721E-02
5.846E+002.349E+031.620E+041.571E-018.665E-02
6.682E+002.369E+031.634E+041.412E-018.609E-02
7.517E+002.391E+031.649E+041.286E-018.552E-02
8.352E+002.413E+031.664E+041.159E-018.494E-02
9.187E+002.436E+031.680E+041.035E-018.436E-02
1.002E+012.460E+031.696E+049.503E-028.378E-02
1.086E+012.484E+031.713E+048.654E-028.319E-02
1.169E+012.509E+031.731E+047.805E-028.259E-02
1.253E+012.535E+031.748E+046.968E-028.199E-02
1.336E+012.527E+031.743E+046.146E-028.138E-02
1.420E+012.500E+031.724E+045.325E-028.078E-02
1.503E+012.472E+031.705E+044.503E-028.019E-02
1.587E+012.443E+031.685E+044.053E-027.960E-02
1.670E+012.413E+031.664E+043.724E-027.902E-02
1.754E+012.382E+031.643E+043.395E-027.845E-02
1.837E+012.351E+031.621E+043.067E-027.788E-02
1.921E+012.319E+031.599E+042.738E-027.732E-02
2.004E+012.286E+031.577E+042.410E-027.677E-02
2.088E+012.253E+031.553E+042.081E-027.623E-02
2.172E+012.218E+031.530E+041.865E-027.570E-02
2.255E+012.183E+031.506E+041.787E-027.517E-02
2.339E+012.146E+031.480E+041.710E-027.465E-02
2.422E+012.107E+031.453E+041.632E-027.414E-02
2.506E+012.064E+031.424E+041.554E-027.365E-02
2.589E+012.018E+031.392E+041.477E-027.316E-02
2.673E+011.969E+031.358E+041.399E-027.268E-02
2.756E+011.917E+031.322E+041.321E-027.222E-02
2.840E+011.861E+031.284E+041.243E-027.177E-02
2.923E+011.802E+031.243E+041.166E-027.133E-02
3.007E+011.740E+031.200E+041.088E-027.090E-02
3.090E+011.675E+031.155E+041.010E-027.050E-02
3.174E+011.606E+031.107E+049.325E-037.010E-02
3.257E+011.534E+031.058E+048.548E-036.973E-02
3.341E+011.459E+031.006E+047.771E-036.937E-02
3.424E+011.380E+039.519E+036.994E-036.903E-02
3.508E+011.299E+038.956E+036.217E-036.871E-02
3.591E+011.214E+038.370E+035.440E-036.841E-02
3.675E+011.125E+037.762E+034.663E-036.813E-02
3.758E+011.034E+037.131E+033.886E-036.787E-02
3.842E+019.393E+026.478E+033.108E-036.764E-02
3.925E+018.413E+025.802E+032.331E-036.743E-02
4.009E+017.401E+025.104E+031.554E-036.724E-02
4.092E+016.357E+024.384E+037.771E-046.707E-02
4.176E+015.279E+023.641E+030.000E+006.693E-02

Table C3. Calculated settlement parameters.

Layer Depth [m]z [m]Thickness [m]σzo′ [kPa]α1 [rad]α2 [rad]Σ(I)∆σ [kPa]εzδ [m]
0-0.83520.41760.83524.04651.46680.07790.9999116.99120.00400.0034
0.8352-1.67041.25280.835212.13961.26730.22540.9981116.77560.00400.0034
1.6704-2.50562.0880.835220.23271.08970.35130.9919116.05720.00400.0033
2.5056-3.34082.92320.835228.32580.93970.45040.9805114.72260.00400.0033
3.3408-4.1763.75840.835236.41890.81650.52360.9642112.81390.00390.0033
4.176-5.01124.59360.835244.51200.71640.57480.9440110.44640.00380.0032
5.0112-5.84645.42880.835252.60510.63500.60870.9209107.74770.00370.0031
5.8464-6.68166.2640.835260.69820.56830.62930.8960104.83090.00360.0030
6.6816-7.51687.09920.835268.79120.51310.64010.8700101.78730.00350.0029
7.5168-8.3527.93440.835276.88430.46690.64350.843598.68670.00340.0028
8.352-9.18728.76960.835284.97740.42790.64150.816995.58150.00330.0028
9.1872-10.02249.60480.835293.07050.39460.63550.790792.51000.00320.0027
10.0224-10.857610.440.8352101.16360.36590.62680.765089.49990.00310.0026
10.8576-11.692811.27520.8352109.25670.34090.61600.739986.57040.00300.0025
11.6928-12.52812.11040.8352117.34980.31900.60390.715783.73450.00290.0024
12.528-13.363212.94560.8352125.44290.29970.59090.692381.00050.00280.0023
13.3632-14.198413.78080.8352133.53600.28250.57730.669978.37300.00270.0023
14.1984-15.033614.6160.8352141.62900.26710.56340.648375.85400.00260.0022
15.0336-15.868815.45120.8352149.72210.25330.54950.627773.44330.00250.0021
15.8688-16.70416.28640.8352157.81520.24080.53570.608071.13950.00250.0021
16.704-17.539217.12160.8352165.90830.22950.52200.589268.94000.00240.0020
17.5392-18.374417.95680.8352174.00140.21920.50870.571366.84150.00230.0019
18.3744-19.209618.7920.8352182.09450.20970.49560.554264.84020.00220.0019
19.2096-20.044819.62720.8352190.18760.20100.48290.537962.93210.00220.0018
20.0448-20.8820.46240.8352198.28070.19300.47060.522361.11290.00210.0018
20.88-21.715221.29760.8352206.37370.18570.45870.507559.37840.00200.0017
21.7152-22.550422.13280.8352214.46680.17880.44710.493457.72420.00200.0017
22.5504-23.385622.9680.8352222.55990.17240.43600.479956.14630.00190.0016
23.3856-24.220823.80320.8352230.65300.16650.42530.467054.64050.00190.0016
24.2208-25.05624.63840.8352238.74610.16090.41500.454753.20300.00180.0015
25.056-25.891225.47360.8352246.83920.15580.40510.443051.83010.00180.0015
25.8912-26.726426.30880.8352254.93230.15090.39550.431850.51820.00170.0015
26.7264-27.561627.1440.8352263.02540.14630.38630.421149.26380.00170.0014
27.5616-28.396827.97920.8352271.11840.14200.37750.410848.06400.00170.0014
28.3968-29.23228.81440.8352279.21150.13790.36890.401046.91550.00160.0014
29.232-30.067229.64960.8352287.30460.13410.36080.391645.81560.00160.0013
30.0672-30.902430.48480.8352295.39770.13050.35290.382644.76160.00150.0013
30.9024-31.737631.320.8352303.49080.12700.34530.373943.75100.00150.0013
31.7376-32.572832.15520.8352311.58390.12380.33800.365742.78140.00150.0012
32.5728-33.40832.99040.8352319.67700.12070.33090.357741.85060.00140.0012
33.408-34.243233.82560.8352327.77010.11770.32410.350140.95660.00140.0012
34.2432-35.078434.66080.8352335.86320.11490.31760.342740.09730.00140.0012
35.0784-35.913635.4960.8352343.95620.11220.31130.335639.27100.00140.0011
35.9136-36.748836.33120.8352352.04930.10970.30520.328938.47590.00130.0011
36.7488-37.58437.16640.8352360.14240.10720.29930.322337.71040.00130.0011
37.584-38.419238.00160.8352368.23550.10490.29360.316036.97300.00130.0011
38.4192-39.254438.83680.8352376.32860.10260.28820.309936.26240.00130.0010
39.2544-40.089639.6720.8352384.42170.10050.28290.304135.57700.00120.0010
40.0896-40.924840.50720.8352392.51480.09840.27780.298434.91580.00120.0010
40.9248-41.7641.34240.8352400.60790.09650.27280.293034.27740.00120.0010
z = layer midpoint depth, presentationzo′ = vertical effective stress, presentation1 and presentation2 = angles (in radians) as shown in Figure C6, presentationz = vertical consolidation strain, presentation = vertical settlement of individual sublayer; presentation (from bottom to top) = settlement profile (Figure C5).

Table C4. Calculated pile side resistance parameters.

Layer DepthzThicknessσzosuαfnFs
[m][m][m][kPa][kPa][kPa][kN]
0-0.83520.41760.83524.046513.290.350.000.00
0.8352-1.67041.25280.835212.139613.950.456.327.34
1.6704-2.50562.0880.835220.232714.620.558.079.37
2.5056-3.34082.92320.835228.325815.290.649.7611.33
3.3408-4.1763.75840.835236.418915.950.7111.3113.13
4.176-5.01124.59360.835244.512016.620.7712.7614.81
5.0112-5.84645.42880.835252.605117.290.8214.1416.42
5.8464-6.68166.2640.835260.698217.950.8615.4817.98
6.6816-7.51687.09920.835268.791218.620.9016.7919.49
7.5168-8.3527.93440.835276.884319.290.9418.0620.97
8.352-9.18728.76960.835284.977419.950.9719.3122.42
9.1872-10.02249.60480.835293.070520.621.0020.5523.86
10.0224-10.857610.440.8352101.163621.291.0221.7725.27
10.8576-11.692811.27520.8352109.256721.951.0522.9726.67
11.6928-12.52812.11040.8352117.349822.621.0724.1728.06
12.528-13.363212.94560.8352125.442923.291.0925.3529.43
13.3632-14.198413.78080.8352133.536023.951.1126.5330.80
14.1984-15.033614.6160.8352141.629024.621.1227.7032.16
15.0336-15.868815.45120.8352149.722125.291.1428.8633.51
15.8688-16.70416.28640.8352157.815225.951.1630.0234.85
16.704-17.539217.12160.8352165.908326.621.1731.1736.19
17.5392-18.374417.95680.8352174.001427.291.1832.3237.52
18.3744-19.209618.7920.8352182.094527.951.2033.4638.85
19.2096-20.044819.62720.8352190.187628.621.2134.6140.17
20.0448-20.8820.46240.8352198.280729.291.2235.7441.50
20.88-21.715221.29760.8352206.373729.951.2336.8842.81
21.7152-22.550422.13280.8352214.466830.621.2438.0144.13
22.5504-23.385622.9680.8352222.559931.761.2439.4345.78
23.3856-24.220823.80320.8352230.653036.051.1942.7749.66
24.2208-25.05624.63840.8352238.746140.351.1446.0453.45
25.056-25.891225.47360.8352246.839244.651.1049.2457.16
25.8912-26.726426.30880.8352254.932348.941.0752.3960.82
26.7264-27.561627.1440.8352263.025453.241.0455.5164.44
27.5616-28.396827.97920.8352271.118457.541.0258.5868.01
28.3968-29.23228.81440.8352279.211561.841.0061.6371.55
29.232-30.067229.64960.8352287.304666.130.9864.6575.06
30.0672-30.902430.48480.8352295.397770.430.9667.6578.54
30.9024-31.737631.320.8352303.490874.730.9570.6382.00
31.7376-32.572832.15520.8352311.583979.020.9373.6085.44
32.5728-33.40832.99040.8352319.677083.320.9276.5588.87
33.408-34.243233.82560.8352327.770187.620.9179.4992.28
34.2432-35.078434.66080.8352335.863291.910.9082.4195.67
35.0784-35.913635.4960.8352343.956296.210.8985.3299.06
35.9136-36.748836.33120.8352352.0493100.510.8888.23102.43
36.7488-37.58437.16640.8352360.1424104.800.8791.12105.79
37.584-38.419238.00160.8352368.2355109.100.8694.01109.14
38.4192-39.254438.83680.8352376.3286113.400.8596.89112.49
39.2544-40.089639.6720.8352384.4217117.690.8599.77115.82
40.0896-40.924840.50720.8352392.5148121.990.84102.64119.15
40.9248-41.7641.34240.8352400.6079126.290.84105.50122.48
z = layer midpoint depth, σzo′ = vertical effective stress, su = undrained shear strength, α = total stress side resistance value, fn=nominal unit side resistance, Fs=sublayer side resistance. Note: fn neglected for top 1.5m

Table C5. Calculated load as a function of depth.

Layer DepthzQADQwUTL
[m][m][kN][kN]
0-0.83520.41760.002225.00
0.8352-1.67041.25287.342232.34
1.6704-2.50562.08816.702241.70
2.5056-3.34082.923228.042253.04
3.3408-4.1763.758441.162266.16
4.176-5.01124.593655.972280.97
5.0112-5.84645.428872.392297.39
5.8464-6.68166.26490.372315.37
6.6816-7.51687.0992109.862334.86
7.5168-8.3527.9344130.832355.83
8.352-9.18728.7696153.252378.25
9.1872-10.02249.6048177.112402.11
10.0224-10.857610.44202.382427.38
10.8576-11.692811.2752229.042454.04
11.6928-12.52812.1104257.102482.10
12.528-13.363212.9456286.532511.53
13.3632-14.198413.7808317.332542.33
14.1984-15.033614.616349.482574.48
15.0336-15.868815.4512382.992607.99
15.8688-16.70416.2864417.842642.84
16.704-17.539217.1216454.032679.03
17.5392-18.374417.9568491.552716.55
18.3744-19.209618.792530.402755.40
19.2096-20.044819.6272570.572795.57
20.0448-20.8820.4624612.072837.07
20.88-21.715221.2976654.882879.88
21.7152-22.550422.1328699.012924.01
22.5504-23.385622.968744.792969.79
23.3856-24.220823.8032794.443019.44
24.2208-25.05624.6384847.893072.89
25.056-25.891225.4736905.053130.05
25.8912-26.726426.3088965.883190.88
26.7264-27.561627.1441030.323255.32
27.5616-28.396827.97921098.333323.33
28.3968-29.23228.81441169.883394.88
29.232-30.067229.64961244.933469.93
30.0672-30.902430.48481323.473548.47
30.9024-31.737631.321405.483630.48
31.7376-32.572832.15521490.923715.92
32.5728-33.40832.99041579.793804.79
33.408-34.243233.82561672.063897.06
34.2432-35.078434.66081767.743992.74
35.0784-35.913635.4961866.794091.79
35.9136-36.748836.33121969.224194.22
36.7488-37.58437.16642075.014300.01
37.584-38.419238.00162184.154409.15
38.4192-39.254438.83682296.644521.64
39.2544-40.089639.6722412.464637.46
40.0896-40.924840.50722531.614756.61
40.9248-41.7641.34242654.094879.09
QAD= load in pile after driving,
QwUTL= load in pile with addition of unfactored top load

Table C6. Calculated resistance as a function of depth.

Layer DepthzRR= resistance from soil surrounding pile; resistance values are calculated at the top of each sublayer; the bottom sublayer includes the summation of the end bearing resistance and the side resistance in the bottom sublayer.
[m][m][kN]
0-0.83520.41762821.70
0.8352-1.67041.25282821.70
1.6704-2.50562.0882814.36
2.5056-3.34082.92322805.00
3.3408-4.1763.75842793.66
4.176-5.01124.59362780.54
5.0112-5.84645.42882765.73
5.8464-6.68166.2642749.31
6.6816-7.51687.09922731.33
7.5168-8.3527.93442711.84
8.352-9.18728.76962690.87
9.1872-10.02249.60482668.45
10.0224-10.857610.442644.59
10.8576-11.692811.27522619.32
11.6928-12.52812.11042592.65
12.528-13.363212.94562564.60
13.3632-14.198413.78082535.17
14.1984-15.033614.6162504.37
15.0336-15.868815.45122472.22
15.8688-16.70416.28642438.71
16.704-17.539217.12162403.86
17.5392-18.374417.95682367.67
18.3744-19.209618.7922330.15
19.2096-20.044819.62722291.30
20.0448-20.8820.46242251.13
20.88-21.715221.29762209.63
21.7152-22.550422.13282166.82
22.5504-23.385622.9682122.69
23.3856-24.220823.80322076.91
24.2208-25.05624.63842027.26
25.056-25.891225.47361973.81
25.8912-26.726426.30881916.65
26.7264-27.561627.1441855.82
27.5616-28.396827.97921791.38
28.3968-29.23228.81441723.37
29.232-30.067229.64961651.82
30.0672-30.902430.48481576.77
30.9024-31.737631.321498.23
31.7376-32.572832.15521416.22
32.5728-33.40832.99041330.78
33.408-34.243233.82561241.91
34.2432-35.078434.66081149.64
35.0784-35.913635.4961053.96
35.9136-36.748836.3312954.91
36.7488-37.58437.1664852.48
37.584-38.419238.0016746.69
38.4192-39.254438.8368637.55
39.2544-40.089639.672525.06
40.0896-40.924840.5072409.24
40.9248-41.7641.3424290.09

Table C7. Calculated elastic compression in the pile as a function of depth.

z M i n [ Q R ] δEC,sδECComments:
z=depth,
Q=load,
R=resistance,
δEC,s=segmental elastic compression,
δEC=cumulative elastic compression (from bottom to top),
A=pile cross-sectional area=0.145[m2]
Ep=pile elastic modulus=2.41E+07[kPa]
Ls=length of each pile segment=0.8532[m]
[m][kN][m][m]
0.41762225.000.00050.0225
1.25282232.340.00050.0220
2.0882241.700.00050.0215
2.92322253.040.00050.0209
3.75842266.160.00050.0204
4.59362280.970.00050.0198
5.42882297.390.00050.0193
6.2642315.370.00060.0188
7.09922334.860.00060.0182
7.93442355.830.00060.0176
8.76962378.250.00060.0171
9.60482402.110.00060.0165
10.442427.380.00060.0159
11.27522454.040.00060.0154
12.11042482.100.00060.0148
12.94562511.530.00060.0142
13.78082535.170.00060.0136
14.6162504.370.00060.0130
15.45122472.220.00060.0124
16.28642438.710.00060.0118
17.12162403.860.00060.0112
17.95682367.670.00060.0106
18.7922330.150.00060.0101
19.62722291.300.00050.0095
20.46242251.130.00050.0090
21.29762209.630.00050.0084
22.13282166.820.00050.0079
22.9682122.690.00050.0074
23.80322076.910.00050.0069
24.63842027.260.00050.0064
25.47361973.810.00050.0059
26.30881916.650.00050.0054
27.1441855.820.00040.0049
27.97921791.380.00040.0045
28.81441723.370.00040.0041
29.64961651.820.00040.0037
30.48481576.770.00040.0033
31.321498.230.00040.0029
32.15521416.220.00030.0025
32.99041330.780.00030.0022
33.82561241.910.00030.0019
34.66081149.640.00030.0016
35.4961053.960.00030.0013
36.3312954.910.00020.0011
37.1664852.480.00020.0008
38.0016746.690.00020.0006
38.8368637.550.00020.0004
39.672525.060.00010.0003
40.5072409.240.00010.0002
41.3424290.090.00010.0001

Table C8. Calculated load-displacement values for the octagonal 419mm diameter by 41.76m long precast concrete pile.

δs, δbRsRtRTComments:
δs=side displacement,
δt=toe displacement,
Rs=side resistance,
Rt=end bearing resistance,
RT=total resistance,
Ks=side flexibility factor = 1.58E-7[m/kN],
Kt=toe flexibility factor =1.00E-5[m/kN],
Ms=0.001,
Rsu=ultimate side resistance=2654[kN],
Rtu=ultimate toe resistance=174.6[kN],
Rt,10%=nominal net end bearing esistance=167.6[kN],
D=diameter=419[mm],
su=undrained shear strength=128.44[kPa],
Es,25=128440[kPa],
At=pile toe area=0.145[m2],
Ep=pile modulus= 2.41E+07[kPa],
L=pile length=41.76[m]
[m][kN][kN][kN]
00.000.000.00
0.00051443.9638.771482.73
0.0011870.3363.451933.78
0.00152074.5280.542155.06
0.0022194.3093.082287.37
0.00252273.04102.672375.70
0.0032328.75110.242438.99
0.00352370.25116.372486.61
0.0042402.35121.432523.78
0.00452427.93125.682553.61
0.0052448.79129.312578.10
0.00552466.13132.432598.56
0.0062480.76135.152615.91
0.00652493.28137.542630.82
0.0072504.11139.662643.77
0.00752513.57141.552655.13
0.0082521.91143.252665.16
0.00852529.32144.782674.10
0.0092535.94146.162682.10
0.00952541.89147.432689.32
0.012547.27148.582695.85
0.0152581.88156.362738.23
0.022599.54160.552760.09
0.0252610.25163.182773.43
0.032617.44164.982782.43
0.0352622.60166.292788.90
0.042626.49167.292793.78
0.0452629.52168.072797.59
0.052631.94168.712800.65

Table C9. Soil settlement and pile settlement as a function of depth.

zδpδsComments:
z=depth,
Q=load,
R=resistance,
δp=pile settlement,
δs=soil settlement,
A=pile cross-sectional area=0.145[m2],
Ep=pile elastic modulus=2.41E+07[kPa]
Ls=length of each pile
segment=0.8532[m]
[m][m][m]
0.41760.06350.0972
1.25280.06300.0939
2.0880.06250.0905
2.92320.06190.0872
3.75840.06140.0839
4.59360.06080.0806
5.42880.06030.0774
6.2640.05980.0743
7.09920.05920.0713
7.93440.05860.0684
8.76960.05810.0655
9.60480.05750.0628
10.440.05690.0601
11.27520.05640.0575
12.11040.05580.0550
12.94560.05520.0526
13.78080.05460.0503
14.6160.05400.0480
15.45120.05340.0458
16.28640.05280.0437
17.12160.05220.0417
17.95680.05160.0397
18.7920.05110.0378
19.62720.05050.0359
20.46240.05000.0341
21.29760.04940.0323
22.13280.04890.0306
22.9680.04840.0289
23.80320.04790.0273
24.63840.04740.0257
25.47360.04690.0242
26.30880.04640.0227
27.1440.04590.0213
27.97920.04550.0198
28.81440.04510.0185
29.64960.04470.0171
30.48480.04430.0158
31.320.04390.0145
32.15520.04350.0132
32.99040.04320.0120
33.82560.04290.0108
34.66080.04260.0096
35.4960.04230.0085
36.33120.04210.0073
37.16640.04180.0062
38.00160.04160.0051
38.83680.04140.0041
39.6720.04130.0030
40.50720.04120.0020
41.34240.04110.0010

Table D2. Parameters used in Define – Soil Layers – Edit window.

zsuσz,oψαfsfb
[m][kPa][kPa][rad][rad][kPa][kPa]
0.00130.0013415.890.051117
22.8631221.510.141.3442279
41.76128404.650.320.891141152

Table D3. Useful PileAXL output and corresponding calculated values using Microsoft Excel.

DepthULS fsULS QsULS QbQult∆QQRmin(Q,R)Comments:

ULS fs = Ultimate unit side resistance (PileAXL output),
ULS Qs = Ultimate total side resistance (PileAXL output),
ULS Qb = Ultimate bearing resistance (PileAXL output),
Qult = Ultimate total resistance (PileAXL output),
∆Q = incremental side resistance (Excel calculation),
Q = cumulative load in the pile (Excel calculation),
R= resistance from soil surrounding pile; resistance values are calculated at the top of each sublayer (Excel calculation),
min(Q,R) = minimum of Q and R for each depth (Excel calculation).

[m][kPa][kN][kN][kN][kN][kN][kN][kN]
0.0002.8790.00017.05717.0575.1322225.0002800.1632225.000
0.8355.9625.13217.92023.0527.8362230.1322795.0312230.132
1.6707.53612.96818.78331.7509.8542237.9682787.1962237.968
2.5069.43922.82219.64642.46711.9442247.8222777.3422247.822
3.34111.13634.76620.50955.27513.8432259.7662765.3972259.766
4.17612.71048.60921.37169.98115.6222273.6092751.5542273.609
5.01114.20264.23122.23486.46617.3202289.2312735.9322289.231
5.84615.63481.55123.097104.64818.9582306.5512718.6122306.551
6.68217.023100.50923.960124.46920.5502325.5092699.6542325.509
7.51718.378121.05924.823145.88222.0332346.0592679.1042346.059
8.35219.576143.09225.686168.77823.1102368.0922657.0712368.092
9.18720.234166.20226.549192.75123.8742391.2022633.9612391.202
10.02220.892190.07627.412217.48724.6372415.0762610.0882415.076
10.85821.549214.71328.274242.98725.4012439.7132585.452439.713
11.69322.207240.11429.137269.25126.1642465.1142560.052465.114
12.52822.865266.27830.000296.27826.9282491.2782533.8852491.278
13.36323.522293.20630.863324.06927.6912518.2062506.9582506.958
14.19824.180320.89731.726352.62328.4552545.8972479.2662479.266
15.03424.838349.35232.589381.94129.2182574.3522450.8122450.812
15.86925.495378.57033.452412.02229.9822603.5702421.5932421.593
16.70426.153408.55234.315442.86730.7452633.5522391.6112391.611
17.53926.810439.29835.177474.47531.5092664.2982360.8662360.866
18.37427.468470.80636.040506.84732.2722695.8062329.3572329.357
19.21028.126503.07936.903539.98233.0362728.0792297.0852297.085
20.04528.783536.11537.766573.88133.8002761.1152264.0492264.049
20.88029.441569.91438.629608.54334.5632794.9142230.2492230.249
21.71530.099604.47739.492643.96935.3272829.4772195.6862195.686
22.55030.756639.80440.355680.15937.4152864.8042160.3592160.359
23.38633.696677.21944.212721.43141.6092902.2192122.9442122.944
24.22137.981718.82849.834768.66246.5842943.8282081.3352081.335
25.05642.266765.41255.456820.86751.5582990.4122034.7522034.752
25.89146.550816.97061.078878.04756.5323041.9701983.1941983.194
26.72650.835873.50266.699940.20161.5073098.5021926.6611926.661
27.56255.119935.00972.3211007.33066.4813160.0091865.1551865.155
28.39759.4041001.49077.9431079.43371.4563226.4901798.6731798.673
29.23263.6881072.94683.5641156.51076.4303297.9461727.2181727.218
30.06767.9731149.37689.1861238.56281.4053374.3761650.7871650.787
30.90272.2581230.78194.8081325.58886.0393455.7811569.3831569.383
31.73875.9571316.820100.4291417.25089.9973541.8201483.3431483.343
32.57379.0751406.817106.0511512.86893.6083631.8171393.3461393.346
33.40882.1771500.425111.6731612.09797.2023725.4251299.7391299.739
34.24385.2661597.626117.2951714.921100.7823822.6261202.5371202.537
35.07888.3441698.408122.9161821.324104.3493923.4081101.7551101.755
35.91491.4111802.757128.5381931.295107.9044027.757997.4067997.4067
36.74994.4681910.660134.1602044.820111.4484135.660889.5031889.5031
37.58497.5162022.108139.7812161.890114.9834247.108778.055778.055
38.419100.5572137.091145.4032282.494118.5094362.091663.0722663.0722
39.254103.5912255.600151.0252406.625122.0274480.600544.5633544.5633
40.090106.6172377.627156.6472534.273125.5384602.627422.5365422.5365
40.925109.6382503.164162.2682665.433129.0534728.164296.9989296.9989
41.760112.6722632.217167.9462800.163-4857.217167.9464167.9464

Table D4. Calculated elastic compression values.

z M i n [ Q R ] δEC,sδECComments:
z=depth,
Q=load, R=resistance,
δEC,s=segmental elastic compression (from bottom to top),
δEC=cumulative elastic compression,
A=pile cross-sectional area=0.145[m2]
Ep=pile elastic modulus=2.41E+07[kPa]
Ls=length of each pile segment=0.8532[m]
[m][kN][m][m]
0.0002225.000--
0.8352230.1320.000530.02227
1.6702237.9680.000530.02174
2.5062247.8220.000540.02120
3.3412259.7660.000540.02066
4.1762273.6090.000540.02012
5.0112289.2310.000550.01958
5.8462306.5510.000550.01903
6.6822325.5090.000560.01848
7.5172346.0590.000560.01793
8.3522368.0920.000570.01737
9.1872391.2020.000570.01680
10.0222415.0760.000580.01623
10.8582439.7130.000580.01565
11.6932465.1140.000590.01507
12.5282491.2780.000600.01448
13.3632506.9580.000600.01388
14.1982479.2660.000590.01328
15.0342450.8120.000590.01269
15.8692421.5930.000580.01211
16.7042391.6110.000570.01153
17.5392360.8660.000560.01096
18.3742329.3570.000560.01039
19.2102297.0850.000550.00983
20.0452264.0490.000540.00929
20.8802230.2490.000530.00874
21.7152195.6860.000520.00821
22.5502160.3590.000520.00769
23.3862122.9440.000510.00717
24.2212081.3350.000500.00666
25.0562034.7520.000490.00617
25.8911983.1940.000470.00568
26.7261926.6610.000460.00521
27.5621865.1550.000450.00474
28.3971798.6730.000430.00430
29.2321727.2180.000410.00387
30.0671650.7870.000390.00346
30.9021569.3830.000380.00306
31.7381483.3430.000350.00269
32.5731393.3460.000330.00233
33.4081299.7390.000310.00200
34.2431202.5370.000290.00169
35.0781101.7550.000260.00140
35.914997.40670.000240.00114
36.749889.50310.000210.00090
37.584778.0550.000190.00069
38.419663.07220.000160.00050
39.254544.56330.000130.00034
40.090422.53650.000100.00021
40.925296.99890.000070.00011
41.760167.94640.000040.00004

Table D5. Soil settlement and pile settlement as a function of depth.

zpδpZsδsComments:
zp=depth for pile calculations,
zs=depth for pile calculations,
δp=pile settlement,
δs=soil settlement.
[m][m][m][m]
0.0000.06320.41760.0972
0.8350.06271.25280.0939
1.6700.06222.0880.0905
2.5060.06162.92320.0872
3.3410.06113.75840.0839
4.1760.06054.59360.0806
5.0110.06005.42880.0774
5.8460.05946.2640.0743
6.6820.05897.09920.0713
7.5170.05837.93440.0684
8.3520.05788.76960.0655
9.1870.05729.60480.0628
10.0220.056610.440.0601
10.8580.056011.27520.0575
11.6930.055412.11040.0550
12.5280.054812.94560.0526
13.3630.054213.78080.0503
14.1980.053614.6160.0480
15.0340.053115.45120.0458
15.8690.052516.28640.0437
16.7040.051917.12160.0417
17.5390.051317.95680.0397
18.3740.050818.7920.0378
19.2100.050219.62720.0359
20.0450.049720.46240.0341
20.8800.049221.29760.0323
21.7150.048622.13280.0306
22.5500.048122.9680.0289
23.3860.047623.80320.0273
24.2210.047124.63840.0257
25.0560.046625.47360.0242
25.8910.046226.30880.0227
26.7260.045727.1440.0213
27.5620.045327.97920.0198
28.3970.044828.81440.0185
29.2320.044429.64960.0171
30.0670.044030.48480.0158
30.9020.043631.320.0145
31.7380.043332.15520.0132
32.5730.043032.99040.0120
33.4080.042633.82560.0108
34.2430.042434.66080.0096
35.0780.042135.4960.0085
35.9140.041936.33120.0073
36.7490.041637.16640.0062
37.5840.041538.00160.0051
38.4190.041338.83680.0041
39.2540.041239.6720.0030
40.0900.041140.50720.0020
40.9250.041041.34240.0010
41.7600.0410--

Table E2. Calculated soil settlement parameters.

Layer Depth [m]z [m]Thickness [m]σz,o′ [kPa]α1 [rad]α2 [rad]Σ(I)∆σ [kPa]εzδ [m]
0-0.83520.41760.83524.04651.46680.07790.9999116.99120.00400.0034
0.8352-1.67041.25280.835212.13961.26730.22540.9981116.77560.00400.0034
1.6704-2.50562.0880.835220.23271.08970.35130.9919116.05720.00400.0033
2.5056-3.34082.92320.835228.32580.93970.45040.9805114.72260.00400.0033
3.3408-4.1763.75840.835236.41890.81650.52360.9642112.81390.00390.0033
4.176-5.01124.59360.835244.51200.71640.57480.9440110.44640.00380.0032
5.0112-5.84645.42880.835252.60510.63500.60870.9209107.74770.00370.0031
5.8464-6.68166.2640.835260.69820.56830.62930.8960104.83090.00360.0030
6.6816-7.51687.09920.835268.79120.51310.64010.8700101.78730.00350.0029
7.5168-8.3527.93440.835276.88430.46690.64350.843598.68670.00340.0028
8.352-9.18728.76960.835284.97740.42790.64150.816995.58150.00330.0028
9.1872-10.02249.60480.835293.07050.39460.63550.790792.51000.00320.0027
10.0224-10.857610.440.8352101.16360.36590.62680.765089.49990.00310.0026
10.8576-11.692811.27520.8352109.25670.34090.61600.739986.57040.00300.0025
11.6928-12.52812.11040.8352117.34980.31900.60390.715783.73450.00290.0024
12.528-13.363212.94560.8352125.44290.29970.59090.692381.00050.00280.0023
13.3632-14.198413.78080.8352133.53600.28250.57730.669978.37300.00270.0023
14.1984-15.033614.6160.8352141.62900.26710.56340.648375.85400.00260.0022
15.0336-15.868815.45120.8352149.72210.25330.54950.627773.44330.00250.0021
15.8688-16.70416.28640.8352157.81520.24080.53570.608071.13950.00250.0021
16.704-17.539217.12160.8352165.90830.22950.52200.589268.94000.00240.0020
17.5392-18.374417.95680.8352174.00140.21920.50870.571366.84150.00230.0019
18.3744-19.209618.7920.8352182.09450.20970.49560.554264.84020.00220.0019
19.2096-20.044819.62720.8352190.18760.20100.48290.537962.93210.00220.0018
20.0448-20.8820.46240.8352198.28070.19300.47060.522361.11290.00210.0018
20.88-21.715221.29760.8352206.37370.18570.45870.507559.37840.00200.0017
21.7152-22.550422.13280.8352214.46680.17880.44710.493457.72420.00200.0017
22.5504-23.385622.9680.8352222.55990.17240.43600.479956.14630.00190.0016
23.3856-24.220823.80320.8352230.65300.16650.42530.467054.64050.00190.0016
24.2208-25.05624.63840.8352238.74610.16090.41500.454753.20300.00180.0015
25.056-25.891225.47360.8352246.83920.15580.40510.443051.83010.00180.0015
25.8912-26.726426.30880.8352254.93230.15090.39550.431850.51820.00170.0015
26.7264-27.561627.1440.8352263.02540.14630.38630.421149.26380.00170.0014
27.5616-28.396827.97920.8352271.11840.14200.37750.410848.06400.00170.0014
28.3968-29.23228.81440.8352279.21150.13790.36890.401046.91550.00160.0014
29.232-30.067229.64960.8352287.30460.13410.36080.391645.81560.00160.0013
30.0672-30.902430.48480.8352295.39770.13050.35290.382644.76160.00150.0013
30.9024-31.737631.320.8352303.49080.12700.34530.373943.75100.00150.0013
31.7376-32.572832.15520.8352311.58390.12380.33800.365742.78140.00150.0012
32.5728-33.40832.99040.8352319.67700.12070.33090.357741.85060.00140.0012
33.408-34.243233.82560.8352327.77010.11770.32410.350140.95660.00140.0012
34.2432-35.078434.66080.8352335.86320.11490.31760.342740.09730.00140.0012
35.0784-35.913635.4960.8352343.95620.11220.31130.335639.27100.00140.0011
35.9136-36.748836.33120.8352352.04930.10970.30520.328938.47590.00130.0011
36.7488-37.58437.16640.8352360.14240.10720.29930.322337.71040.00130.0011
37.584-38.419238.00160.8352368.23550.10490.29360.316036.97300.00130.0011
38.4192-39.254438.83680.8352376.32860.10260.28820.309936.26240.00130.0010
39.2544-40.089639.6720.8352384.42170.10050.28290.304135.57700.00120.0010
40.0896-40.924840.50720.8352392.51480.09840.27780.298434.91580.00120.0010
40.9248-41.7641.34240.8352400.60790.09650.27280.293034.27740.00120.0010
z = layer midpoint depth, presentationz,o′ = vertical effective stress, presentation1 and presentation2 = angles (in radians) as shown in Figure E4, presentationz = vertical consolidation strain, presentation = vertical settlement of individual sublayer; presentation (from bottom to top) = settlement profile (Figure E3).

Table E3. SHANSEP calculated parameters.

Layer Depth [m]σz,o′ [kPa]su,o [kPa]su,oz,oOCRpreσz,f′ [kPa]σ′max [kPa]OCRpostsu,fz,fsu,f [kPa]
0-0.83524.046513.28823.283890.6788121.0378366.93583.03160.304336.8313
0.8352-1.670412.139613.95491.149520.2430128.9152245.74231.90620.219928.3501
1.6704-2.505620.232714.62150.722710.4304136.2899211.03511.54840.190125.9129
2.5056-3.340828.325815.28820.53976.8740143.0484194.71081.36120.173724.8511
3.3408-4.17636.418915.95480.43815.1023149.2328185.82101.24520.163224.3587
4.176-5.011244.512016.62150.37344.0613154.9584180.77631.16660.155924.1653
5.0112-5.846452.605117.28820.32863.3839160.3528178.01081.11010.150624.1526
5.8464-6.681660.698217.95480.29582.9115165.5291176.72011.06760.146624.2600
6.6816-7.516868.791218.62150.27072.5649170.5785176.44471.03440.143424.4530
7.5168-8.35276.884319.28810.25092.3009175.5710176.90071.00760.140724.7101
8.352-9.187284.977419.95480.23482.0935180.5589180.55891.00000.140025.2782
9.1872-10.022493.070520.62140.22161.9268185.5806185.58061.00000.140025.9813
10.0224-10.8576101.163621.28810.21041.7899190.6635190.66351.00000.140026.6929
10.8576-11.6928109.256721.95480.20091.6758195.8271195.82711.00000.140027.4158
11.6928-12.528117.349822.62140.19281.5792201.0843201.08431.00000.140028.1518
12.528-13.3632125.442923.28810.18561.4965206.4434206.44341.00000.140028.9021
13.3632-14.1984133.536023.95470.17941.4250211.9090211.90901.00000.140029.6673
14.1984-15.0336141.629024.62140.17381.3625217.4830217.48301.00000.140030.4476
15.0336-15.8688149.722125.28810.16891.3075223.1655223.16551.00000.140031.2432
15.8688-16.704157.815225.95470.16451.2587228.9547228.95471.00000.140032.0537
16.704-17.5392165.908326.62140.16051.2151234.8483234.84831.00000.140032.8788
17.5392-18.3744174.001427.28800.15681.1760240.8429240.84291.00000.140033.7180
18.3744-19.2096182.094527.95470.15351.1407246.9347246.93471.00000.140034.5709
19.2096-20.0448190.187628.62130.15051.1087253.1197253.11971.00000.140035.4368
20.0448-20.88198.280729.28800.14771.0796259.3936259.39361.00000.140036.3151
20.88-21.7152206.373729.95470.14511.0529265.7521265.75211.00000.140037.2053
21.7152-22.5504214.466830.62130.14281.0285272.1910272.19101.00000.140038.1067
22.5504-23.3856222.559931.75740.14271.0276278.7062278.70621.00000.140039.0189
23.3856-24.2208230.653036.05420.15631.1705285.2935285.29351.00000.140039.9411
24.2208-25.056238.746140.35100.16901.3087291.9491312.44931.07020.146842.8614
25.056-25.8912246.839244.64780.18091.4419298.6693355.92181.19170.158347.2752
25.8912-26.7264254.932348.94470.19201.5701305.4504400.27351.31040.169251.6726
26.7264-27.5616263.025453.24150.20241.6934312.2892445.39641.42620.179556.0554
27.5616-28.3968271.118457.53830.21221.8118319.1824491.20051.53890.189360.4256
28.3968-29.232279.211561.83510.22151.9255326.1270537.60981.64850.198664.7845
29.232-30.0672287.304666.13190.23022.0346333.1202584.55981.75480.207569.1335
30.0672-30.9024295.397770.42870.23842.1395340.1593631.99521.85790.216073.4738
30.9024-31.7376303.490874.72550.24622.2402347.2418679.86831.95790.224177.8063
31.7376-32.5728311.583979.02240.25362.3369354.3653728.13762.05480.231882.1321
32.5728-33.408319.677083.31920.26062.4298361.5276776.76682.14860.239186.4518
33.408-34.2432327.770187.61600.26732.5192368.7267825.72422.23940.246290.7661
34.2432-35.0784335.863291.91280.27372.6052375.9605874.98152.32730.252995.0758
35.0784-35.9136343.956296.20960.27972.6879383.2272924.51402.41240.259399.3812
35.9136-36.7488352.0493100.50640.28552.7675390.5252974.29952.49480.2655103.6830
36.7488-37.584360.1424104.80320.29102.8442397.85281024.31802.57460.2714107.9814
37.584-38.4192368.2355109.10000.29632.9181405.20851074.55202.65180.2771112.2770
38.4192-39.2544376.3286113.39690.30132.9894412.59091124.98552.72660.2825116.5700
39.2544-40.0896384.4217117.69370.30623.0581419.99871175.60402.79910.2878120.8607
40.0896-40.9248392.5148121.99050.31083.1245427.43051226.39452.86920.2928125.1494
40.9248-41.76400.6079126.28730.31523.1885434.88531277.34532.93720.2976129.4364
presentationz,o′ = initial vertical effective stress, su,o=initial undrained shear strength, presentationsu,o/presentationz,o′=initial c/p ratio, OCRpre= pre-embankment over-consolidation ratio, presentationz,f′ = final vertical effective stress, presentation′max=maximum past pressure, OCRpost= post-embankment over-consolidation ratio, su,f/presentationz,f′= final c/p ratio, su,f=final undrained shear strength

Table E4. Calculated pile side resistance parameters.

Layer Depth [m]z [m]Thickness [m]σz,f′ [kPa]su,f [kPa]αfn [kPa]Fs [kN]
0-0.83520.41760.8352121.037836.830.850.000.00
0.8352-1.67041.25280.8352128.915228.351.0028.3632.92
1.6704-2.50562.0880.8352136.289925.911.0827.8732.36
2.5056-3.34082.92320.8352143.048424.851.1327.9732.47
3.3408-4.1763.75840.8352149.232824.361.1628.2832.83
4.176-5.01124.59360.8352154.958424.171.1928.7033.32
5.0112-5.84645.42880.8352160.352824.151.2129.1933.89
5.8464-6.68166.2640.8352165.529124.261.2329.7234.51
6.6816-7.51687.09920.8352170.578524.451.2430.2935.17
7.5168-8.3527.93440.8352175.571024.711.2530.8935.87
8.352-9.18728.76960.8352180.558925.281.2531.6936.79
9.1872-10.02249.60480.8352185.580625.981.2532.5737.81
10.0224-10.857610.440.8352190.663526.691.2533.4638.85
10.8576-11.692811.27520.8352195.827127.421.2534.3739.90
11.6928-12.52812.11040.8352201.084328.151.2535.2940.97
12.528-13.363212.94560.8352206.443428.901.2536.2342.06
13.3632-14.198413.78080.8352211.909029.671.2537.1943.17
14.1984-15.033614.6160.8352217.483030.451.2538.1744.31
15.0336-15.868815.45120.8352223.165531.241.2539.1745.47
15.8688-16.70416.28640.8352228.954732.051.2540.1846.65
16.704-17.539217.12160.8352234.848332.881.2541.2247.85
17.5392-18.374417.95680.8352240.842933.721.2542.2749.07
18.3744-19.209618.7920.8352246.934734.571.2543.3450.31
19.2096-20.044819.62720.8352253.119735.441.2544.4251.57
20.0448-20.8820.46240.8352259.393636.321.2545.5252.85
20.88-21.715221.29760.8352265.752137.211.2546.6454.14
21.7152-22.550422.13280.8352272.191038.111.2547.7755.46
22.5504-23.385622.9680.8352278.706239.021.2548.9156.78
23.3856-24.220823.80320.8352285.293539.941.2550.0758.13
24.2208-25.05624.63840.8352291.949142.861.2252.4760.91
25.056-25.891225.47360.8352298.669347.281.1855.7364.70
25.8912-26.726426.30880.8352305.450451.671.1458.9368.41
26.7264-27.561627.1440.8352312.289256.061.1162.0672.05
27.5616-28.396827.97920.8352319.182460.431.0865.1475.62
28.3968-29.23228.81440.8352326.127064.781.0568.1879.15
29.232-30.067229.64960.8352333.120269.131.0371.1882.63
30.0672-30.902430.48480.8352340.159373.471.0174.1586.08
30.9024-31.737631.320.8352347.241877.810.9977.1089.50
31.7376-32.572832.15520.8352354.365382.130.9780.0292.90
32.5728-33.40832.99040.8352361.527686.450.9682.9296.27
33.408-34.243233.82560.8352368.726790.770.9585.8199.62
34.2432-35.078434.66080.8352375.960595.080.9388.68102.95
35.0784-35.913635.4960.8352383.227299.380.9291.54106.27
35.9136-36.748836.33120.8352390.5252103.680.9194.38109.57
36.7488-37.58437.16640.8352397.8528107.980.9097.22112.86
37.584-38.419238.00160.8352405.2085112.280.89100.05116.15
38.4192-39.254438.83680.8352412.5909116.570.88102.86119.42
39.2544-40.089639.6720.8352419.9987120.860.87105.68122.68
40.0896-40.924840.50720.8352427.4305125.150.87108.48125.94
40.9248-41.7641.34240.8352434.8853129.440.86111.28129.19
z = layer midpoint depth, presentationz,f′ = vertical effective stress, su,f = undrained shear strength, presentation = total stress side resistance parameter, fn=nominal unit side resistance, Fs=sublayer side resistance. Note: fn neglected for top 1.5m

Table E5. Calculated load as a function of depth.

Layer DepthzQR M i n [ Q R ] δEC,sδECComments:
z=depth,
Q=load,
R=resistance,
δEC,s=segmental elastic compression,
δEC=cumulative elastic compression (from bottom to top),
A=pile cross-sectional area=0.145[m2]
Ep=pile elastic modulus=2.41E+07[kPa]
Ls=length of each pile segment=0.8532[m]
[m][m][kN][kN][kN][m][m]
0-0.83520.41762225.003377.242225.000.00050.0242
0.8352-1.67041.25282257.923377.242257.920.00050.0236
1.6704-2.50562.0882290.283344.322290.280.00050.0231
2.5056-3.34082.92322322.743311.962322.740.00060.0226
3.3408-4.1763.75842355.583279.502355.580.00060.0220
4.176-5.01124.59362388.903246.672388.900.00060.0214
5.0112-5.84645.42882422.783213.352422.780.00060.0209
5.8464-6.68166.2642457.293179.462457.290.00060.0203
6.6816-7.51687.09922492.463144.952492.460.00060.0197
7.5168-8.3527.93442528.323109.792528.320.00060.0191
8.352-9.18728.76962565.113073.922565.110.00060.0185
9.1872-10.02249.60482602.923037.132602.920.00060.0179
10.0224-10.857610.442641.772999.322641.770.00060.0173
10.8576-11.692811.27522681.672960.482681.670.00060.0166
11.6928-12.52812.11042722.642920.582722.640.00070.0160
12.528-13.363212.94562764.702879.612764.700.00070.0153
13.3632-14.198413.78082807.872837.552807.870.00070.0147
14.1984-15.033614.6162852.182794.372794.370.00070.0140
15.0336-15.868815.45122897.652750.062750.060.00070.0133
15.8688-16.70416.28642944.302704.592704.590.00060.0127
16.704-17.539217.12162992.152657.952657.950.00060.0120
17.5392-18.374417.95683041.222610.102610.100.00060.0114
18.3744-19.209618.7923091.532561.032561.030.00060.0108
19.2096-20.044819.62723143.102510.722510.720.00060.0102
20.0448-20.8820.46243195.952459.152459.150.00060.0096
20.88-21.715221.29763250.092406.302406.300.00060.0090
21.7152-22.550422.13283305.552352.152352.150.00060.0084
22.5504-23.385622.9683362.332296.692296.690.00050.0078
23.3856-24.220823.80323420.462239.912239.910.00050.0073
24.2208-25.05624.63843481.372181.782181.780.00050.0068
25.056-25.891225.47363546.082120.872120.870.00050.0062
25.8912-26.726426.30883614.482056.172056.170.00050.0057
26.7264-27.561627.1443686.531987.761987.760.00050.0052
27.5616-28.396827.97923762.151915.711915.710.00050.0048
28.3968-29.23228.81443841.301840.091840.090.00040.0043
29.232-30.067229.64963923.941760.941760.940.00040.0039
30.0672-30.902430.48484010.021678.311678.310.00040.0035
30.9024-31.737631.324099.521592.221592.220.00040.0030
31.7376-32.572832.15524192.421502.721502.720.00040.0027
32.5728-33.40832.99044288.691409.821409.820.00030.0023
33.408-34.243233.82564388.301313.561313.560.00030.0020
34.2432-35.078434.66084491.251213.941213.940.00030.0017
35.0784-35.913635.4964597.521110.991110.990.00030.0014
35.9136-36.748836.33124707.091004.731004.730.00020.0011
36.7488-37.58437.16644819.95895.15895.150.00020.0009
37.584-38.419238.00164936.10782.29782.290.00020.0006
38.4192-39.254438.83685055.51666.15666.150.00020.0005
39.2544-40.089639.6725178.20546.73546.730.00010.0003
40.0896-40.924840.50725304.14424.05424.050.00010.0002
40.9248-41.7641.34245433.33298.11298.110.00010.0001

Table F2. Calculated soil settlements resulting from drawdown event.

Layer DepthzThicknessσzoσzf∆σεzδincrementΣδreversed
[m][m][m][kPa][kPa][kPa][m][m]
0-0.83520.41760.83528.14328.14324.09670.00010.00010.0787
0.8352-1.67041.25280.835224.429624.429612.29000.00040.00040.0786
1.6704-2.50562.0880.835240.716040.716020.48330.00070.00060.0782
2.5056-3.34082.92320.835257.002457.002428.67660.00100.00080.0777
3.3408-4.1763.75840.835273.288873.288836.86990.00130.00110.0768
4.176-5.01124.59360.835289.575289.575245.06320.00160.00130.0758
5.0112-5.84645.42880.8352105.8616105.861653.25650.00180.00150.0745
5.8464-6.68166.2640.8352119.5582119.558258.86000.00200.00170.0729
6.6816-7.51687.09920.8352127.6512127.651258.86000.00200.00170.0712
7.5168-8.3527.93440.8352135.7443135.744358.86000.00200.00170.0695
8.352-9.18728.76960.8352143.8374143.837458.86000.00200.00170.0678
9.1872-10.02249.60480.8352151.9305151.930558.86000.00200.00170.0662
10.0224-10.857610.440.8352160.0236160.023658.86000.00200.00170.0645
10.8576-11.692811.27520.8352168.1167168.116758.86000.00200.00170.0628
11.6928-12.52812.11040.8352176.2098176.209858.86000.00200.00170.0611
12.528-13.363212.94560.8352184.3029184.302958.86000.00200.00170.0594
13.3632-14.198413.78080.8352192.3960192.396058.86000.00200.00170.0577
14.1984-15.033614.6160.8352200.4890200.489058.86000.00200.00170.0560
15.0336-15.868815.45120.8352208.5821208.582158.86000.00200.00170.0543
15.8688-16.70416.28640.8352216.6752216.675258.86000.00200.00170.0526
16.704-17.539217.12160.8352224.7683224.768358.86000.00200.00170.0509
17.5392-18.374417.95680.8352232.8614232.861458.86000.00200.00170.0492
18.3744-19.209618.7920.8352240.9545240.954558.86000.00200.00170.0475
19.2096-20.044819.62720.8352249.0476249.047658.86000.00200.00170.0458
20.0448-20.8820.46240.8352257.1407257.140758.86000.00200.00170.0441
20.88-21.715221.29760.8352265.2337265.233758.86000.00200.00170.0424
21.7152-22.550422.13280.8352273.3268273.326858.86000.00200.00170.0407
22.5504-23.385622.9680.8352281.4199281.419958.86000.00200.00170.0390
23.3856-24.220823.80320.8352289.5130289.513058.86000.00200.00170.0373
24.2208-25.05624.63840.8352297.6061297.606158.86000.00200.00170.0356
25.056-25.891225.47360.8352305.6992305.699258.86000.00200.00170.0339
25.8912-26.726426.30880.8352313.7923313.792358.86000.00200.00170.0322
26.7264-27.561627.1440.8352321.8854321.885458.86000.00200.00170.0305
27.5616-28.396827.97920.8352329.9784329.978458.86000.00200.00170.0288
28.3968-29.23228.81440.8352338.0715338.071558.86000.00200.00170.0271
29.232-30.067229.64960.8352346.1646346.164658.86000.00200.00170.0254
30.0672-30.902430.48480.8352354.2577354.257758.86000.00200.00170.0237
30.9024-31.737631.320.8352362.3508362.350858.86000.00200.00170.0221
31.7376-32.572832.15520.8352370.4439370.443958.86000.00200.00170.0204
32.5728-33.40832.99040.8352378.5370378.537058.86000.00200.00170.0187
33.408-34.243233.82560.8352386.6301386.630158.86000.00200.00170.0170
34.2432-35.078434.66080.8352394.7232394.723258.86000.00200.00170.0153
35.0784-35.913635.4960.8352402.8162402.816258.86000.00200.00170.0136
35.9136-36.748836.33120.8352410.9093410.909358.86000.00200.00170.0119
36.7488-37.58437.16640.8352419.0024419.002458.86000.00200.00170.0102
37.584-38.419238.00160.8352427.0955427.095558.86000.00200.00170.0085
38.4192-39.254438.83680.8352435.1886435.188658.86000.00200.00170.0068
39.2544-40.089639.6720.8352443.2817443.281758.86000.00200.00170.0051
40.0896-40.924840.50720.8352451.3748451.374858.86000.00200.00170.0034
40.9248-41.7641.34240.8352459.4679459.467958.86000.00200.00170.0017
z = layer midpoint depth, σzo′ = vertical effective stress, σzf′ = final effective stress, ∆σ = change in effective stress, εz = incremental soil strain, δincrement = incremental soil settlement, Σδreversed = soil settlement from tip of pile to top of pile.

Table F3. Calculated pile side resistance parameters for the pre-drawdown condition.

Layer DepthzThicknessγσzosuαfnFs
[m][m][m][kN/m3][kPa][kPa][kPa][kN]
0-0.83520.41760.835219.54.046513.290.350.000.00
0.8352-1.67041.25280.835219.512.139613.950.456.327.34
1.6704-2.50562.0880.835219.520.232714.620.558.079.37
2.5056-3.34082.92320.835219.528.325815.290.649.7611.33
3.3408-4.1763.75840.835219.536.418915.950.7111.3113.13
4.176-5.01124.59360.835219.544.512016.620.7712.7614.81
5.0112-5.84645.42880.835219.552.605117.290.8214.1416.42
5.8464-6.68166.2640.835219.560.698217.950.8615.4817.98
6.6816-7.51687.09920.835219.568.791218.620.9016.7919.49
7.5168-8.3527.93440.835219.576.884319.290.9418.0620.97
8.352-9.18728.76960.835219.584.977419.950.9719.3122.42
9.1872-10.02249.60480.835219.593.070520.621.0020.5523.86
10.0224-10.857610.440.835219.5101.163621.291.0221.7725.27
10.8576-11.692811.27520.835219.5109.256721.951.0522.9726.67
11.6928-12.52812.11040.835219.5117.349822.621.0724.1728.06
12.528-13.363212.94560.835219.5125.442923.291.0925.3529.43
13.3632-14.198413.78080.835219.5133.536023.951.1126.5330.80
14.1984-15.033614.6160.835219.5141.629024.621.1227.7032.16
15.0336-15.868815.45120.835219.5149.722125.291.1428.8633.51
15.8688-16.70416.28640.835219.5157.815225.951.1630.0234.85
16.704-17.539217.12160.835219.5165.908326.621.1731.1736.19
17.5392-18.374417.95680.835219.5174.001427.291.1832.3237.52
18.3744-19.209618.7920.835219.5182.094527.951.2033.4638.85
19.2096-20.044819.62720.835219.5190.187628.621.2134.6140.17
20.0448-20.8820.46240.835219.5198.280729.291.2235.7441.50
20.88-21.715221.29760.835219.5206.373729.951.2336.8842.81
21.7152-22.550422.13280.835219.5214.466830.621.2438.0144.13
22.5504-23.385622.9680.835219.5222.559931.761.2439.4345.78
23.3856-24.220823.80320.835219.5230.653036.051.1942.7749.66
24.2208-25.05624.63840.835219.5238.746140.351.1446.0453.45
25.056-25.891225.47360.835219.5246.839244.651.1049.2457.16
25.8912-26.726426.30880.835219.5254.932348.941.0752.3960.82
26.7264-27.561627.1440.835219.5263.025453.241.0455.5164.44
27.5616-28.396827.97920.835219.5271.118457.541.0258.5868.01
28.3968-29.23228.81440.835219.5279.211561.841.0061.6371.55
29.232-30.067229.64960.835219.5287.304666.130.9864.6575.06
30.0672-30.902430.48480.835219.5295.397770.430.9667.6578.54
30.9024-31.737631.320.835219.5303.490874.730.9570.6382.00
31.7376-32.572832.15520.835219.5311.583979.020.9373.6085.44
32.5728-33.40832.99040.835219.5319.677083.320.9276.5588.87
33.408-34.243233.82560.835219.5327.770187.620.9179.4992.28
34.2432-35.078434.66080.835219.5335.863291.910.9082.4195.67
35.0784-35.913635.4960.835219.5343.956296.210.8985.3299.06
35.9136-36.748836.33120.835219.5352.0493100.510.8888.23102.43
36.7488-37.58437.16640.835219.5360.1424104.800.8791.12105.79
37.584-38.419238.00160.835219.5368.2355109.100.8694.01109.14
38.4192-39.254438.83680.835219.5376.3286113.400.8596.89112.49
39.2544-40.089639.6720.835219.5384.4217117.690.8599.77115.82
40.0896-40.924840.50720.835219.5392.5148121.990.84102.64119.15
40.9248-41.7641.34240.835219.5400.6079126.290.84105.50122.48
z = layer midpoint depth, σzo′ = vertical effective stress, γ=unit weight, su = undrained shear strength, α = total stress side resistance parameter, fn=nominal unit side resistance, Fs=sublayer side resistance. Note: fn neglected for top 1.5m

Table F4. Calculated pile side resistance parameters for the post-drawdown condition.

Layer DepthzThicknessγσzosuαfnFs
[m][m][m][kN/m3][kPa][kPa][kPa][kN]
0-0.83520.41760.835219.58.143213.290.410.000.00
0.8352-1.67041.25280.835219.524.429613.950.628.6610.05
1.6704-2.50562.0880.835219.540.716014.620.7811.4413.29
2.5056-3.34082.92320.835219.557.002415.290.9113.8516.07
3.3408-4.1763.75840.835219.573.288815.951.0116.0418.62
4.176-5.01124.59360.835219.589.575216.621.0918.1021.01
5.0112-5.84645.42880.835219.5105.861617.291.1620.0723.29
5.8464-6.68166.2640.835219.5119.558217.951.2121.7325.23
6.6816-7.51687.09920.835219.5127.651218.621.2322.8726.55
7.5168-8.3527.93440.835219.5135.744319.291.2424.0027.86
8.352-9.18728.76960.835219.5143.837419.951.2625.1329.17
9.1872-10.02249.60480.835219.5151.930520.621.2726.2530.48
10.0224-10.857610.440.835219.5160.023621.291.2927.3831.78
10.8576-11.692811.27520.835219.5168.116721.951.3028.5033.08
11.6928-12.52812.11040.835219.5176.209822.621.3129.6134.38
12.528-13.363212.94560.835219.5184.302923.291.3230.7335.67
13.3632-14.198413.78080.835219.5192.396023.951.3331.8436.97
14.1984-15.033614.6160.835219.5200.489024.621.3432.9538.26
15.0336-15.868815.45120.835219.5208.582125.291.3534.0639.55
15.8688-16.70416.28640.835219.5216.675225.951.3635.1740.83
16.704-17.539217.12160.835219.5224.768326.621.3636.2842.12
17.5392-18.374417.95680.835219.5232.861427.291.3737.3943.41
18.3744-19.209618.7920.835219.5240.954527.951.3838.5044.69
19.2096-20.044819.62720.835219.5249.047628.621.3839.6045.97
20.0448-20.8820.46240.835219.5257.140729.291.3940.7047.25
20.88-21.715221.29760.835219.5265.233729.951.4041.8148.54
21.7152-22.550422.13280.835219.5273.326830.621.4042.9149.82
22.5504-23.385622.9680.835219.5281.419931.761.4044.3451.48
23.3856-24.220823.80320.835219.5289.513036.051.3347.9255.63
24.2208-25.05624.63840.835219.5297.606140.351.2751.4059.67
25.056-25.891225.47360.835219.5305.699244.651.2354.8063.62
25.8912-26.726426.30880.835219.5313.792348.941.1958.1367.48
26.7264-27.561627.1440.835219.5321.885453.241.1561.4071.28
27.5616-28.396827.97920.835219.5329.978457.541.1264.6375.03
28.3968-29.23228.81440.835219.5338.071561.841.1067.8278.73
29.232-30.067229.64960.835219.5346.164666.131.0770.9782.39
30.0672-30.902430.48480.835219.5354.257770.431.0574.0986.01
30.9024-31.737631.320.835219.5362.350874.731.0377.1889.60
31.7376-32.572832.15520.835219.5370.443979.021.0280.2593.17
32.5728-33.40832.99040.835219.5378.537083.321.0083.3096.70
33.408-34.243233.82560.835219.5386.630187.620.9986.33100.22
34.2432-35.078434.66080.835219.5394.723291.910.9789.34103.72
35.0784-35.913635.4960.835219.5402.816296.210.9692.34107.20
35.9136-36.748836.33120.835219.5410.9093100.510.9595.32110.66
36.7488-37.58437.16640.835219.5419.0024104.800.9498.29114.11
37.584-38.419238.00160.835219.5427.0955109.100.93101.25117.54
38.4192-39.254438.83680.835219.5435.1886113.400.92104.20120.96
39.2544-40.089639.6720.835219.5443.2817117.690.91107.13124.37
40.0896-40.924840.50720.835219.5451.3748121.990.90110.06127.78
40.9248-41.7641.34240.835219.5459.4679126.290.89112.98131.17
z = layer midpoint depth, σzo′ = vertical effective stress, γ=unit weight, su = undrained shear strength, α = total stress side resistance parameter, fn=nominal unit side resistance, Fs=sublayer side resistance. Note: fn neglected for top 1.5m

Table F5. Ultimate Unit Tip Resistance, [kN/m2] values for the four layers used in the TZPILE software.

TZPILE DepthLayer DepthMidpoint DepthsuAtqn
[m][m][m][kPa][m2][kPa]
00-0.83520.417613.290.145119.59
65.8464-6.68166.26417.950.145161.59
22.8621.7152-22.50422.132830.620.145275.59
41.7640.9248-41.7641.3424126.290.1451136.58
100NA-NANANANANA

Table F6. Design parameters used to develop t-z and Q-w curves.

Top of LayerBottom of Layer
Layer 1aDepth, z, [m]06
Unit Weight, γ, [kN/m3]19.519.5
Undrained Shear Strength, su, [kPa]12.9517.74
Ultimate Skin Resistance, fs,ult, [kPa]8.6621.73
Ultimate Tip Resistance, qp,ult, [kPa]116.55159.66
Layer 1bDepth, z, [m]622.86
Unit Weight, γ, [kN/m3]9.699.69
Undrained Shear Strength, su, [kPa]17.7431.2
Ultimate Skin Resistance, fs,ult, [kPa]21.7342.91
Ultimate Tip Resistance, qp,ult, [kPa]159.66280.8
Layer 2Depth, z, [m]22.8641.76
Unit Weight, γ, [kN/m3]9.699.69
Undrained Shear Strength, su, [kPa]31.2128.44
Ultimate Skin Resistance, fs,ult, [kPa]42.91112.98
Ultimate Tip Resistance, qp,ult, [kPa]280.81155.96

Table F7. Develop t-z curves usingVijayvergiya (1977).

Displacement, z, [m]
(used for all t-z curves)
Layer 1a
Top of Layer
Layer 1a
Bottom of Layer
Layer 1b
Bottom of Layer
Layer 2
Bottom of Layer
Load Transfer, t, [kPa]
0.00000.00000.00000.00000.0000
0.00105.169712.972025.615767.4449
0.00206.634716.648032.874686.5572
0.00307.490118.794537.113397.7177
0.00408.030120.149439.7887104.7619
0.00508.368420.998341.4651109.1756
0.00608.563521.487842.4317111.7208
0.00708.650021.705042.8607112.8501
0.00758.660021.730042.9100112.9800
0.00808.650721.706642.8638112.8585

Table F9. Soil settlement, pile settlement, and combined load and resistance values for Design Example 4.

zCombined Load and ResistancePile SettlementSoil Settlement
VHCVHC
[m][kN][m][m]
41.343062990.04380.04490.0017
40.514274270.04390.04500.0034
39.675445510.04400.04510.0051
38.846586720.04420.04530.0068
38.007687890.04440.04550.0085
37.178759040.04460.04570.0102
36.3397910140.04480.04590.0119
35.50107911210.04500.04620.0136
34.66117612250.04530.04650.0153
33.83127013250.04560.04680.0170
32.99136014220.04590.04710.0187
32.16144615150.04620.04750.0204
31.32153016050.04660.04790.0221
30.48160916910.04700.04830.0237
29.65168617730.04740.04870.0254
28.81175918520.04780.04910.0271
27.98182919270.04820.04960.0288
27.14189519980.04860.05010.0305
26.31195820660.04910.05060.0322
25.47201721290.04960.05110.0339
24.64207321890.05010.05160.0356
23.80212622450.05060.05210.0373
22.97217522960.05110.05270.0390
22.13222223460.05160.05330.0407
21.30226823940.05220.05380.0424
20.46231224420.05270.05440.0441
19.63235524880.05330.05500.0458
18.79239725320.05380.05560.0475
17.96243825760.05440.05620.0492
17.12247526180.05500.05690.0509
16.29251026590.05560.05750.0526
15.45254126980.05620.05810.0543
14.62256326770.05680.05880.0560
13.78257026390.05740.05940.0577
12.95255626020.05800.06000.0594
12.11253225660.05860.06060.0611
11.28250525310.05930.06120.0628
10.44247724980.05980.06180.0645
9.61244824670.06040.06240.0662
8.77242024360.06100.06300.0678
7.93239324070.06160.06360.0695
7.10236723790.06220.06420.0712
6.26234223530.06270.06470.0729
5.43231923270.06330.06530.0745
4.59229823040.06380.06580.0758
3.76227822830.06440.06640.0768
2.92226122640.06490.06690.0777
2.09224522480.06550.06750.0782
1.25223222350.06600.06800.0786
0.42223122250.06650.06850.0787
z=Depth, V=Vijayvergiya, HC=Hand Calculations

Table G1. Bearing capacity factor (kc) for various soil types, pile groups, and cone penetration tip resistance (afterBustamante and Gianeselli, 1982). Units of tons per square foot are also included.

kc Factor
Soil TypeCPT Tip Resistance, qcGroup IGroup II
Soft clay and mud<10 MPa (<9.3 tsf)0.400.5
Moderately compact clay10 to 50 MPa (9.3 to 46.6 tsf)0.350.45
Silt and loose sand<50 MPa (<46.6 tsf)0.400.5
Compact to stiff clay and compact silt>50 MPa (>46.6 tsf)0.450.55
Soft chalk<50 MPa (<46.6 tsf)0.200.3
Moderately compact sand and gravel50 to 120 MPa (46.6 to 111.9 tsf)0.40.5
Weathered to fragmented chalk>50 MPa (>46.6 tsf)0.20.4
Compact to very compact sand and gravel>120 MPa (>111.9 tsf)0.30.4

Table G2. Side resistance factors for the LCPC method (afterBustamante and Gianeselli, 1982).

Soil Typeqc [MPa]aLCPCLimiting value of fs,max [MPa]
Category
IIIIIIIII
IAIBIIAIIBIAIBIIAIIBIIIAIIIB
Soft clay and mud<1303030300.0150.0150.0150.0150.015
Moderately compact clay1 to 5408040800.08 to 0.0350.08 to 0.0350.08 to 0.0350.0350.08>0.120
Silt and loose sand<560150601200.0350.0350.0350.0350.08
Compact to stiff clay and compact silt>560120601200.08 to 0.0350.08 to 0.0350.08 to 0.0350.0350.08>0.2
Soft chalk<51001201001200.0350.0350.0350.0350.08
Moderately compact sand and gravel5 to 121002001002000.12 to 0.080.08 to 0.0350.12 to 0.080.080.12>0.2
Weathered to fragmented chalk>5608060800.15 to 0.120.12 to 0.080.15 to 0.120.120.15>0.2
Compact to very compact sand and gravel>121503001502000.15 to 0.120.12 to 0.080.15 to 0.120.120.15>0.2

Table G3. Average CPT sounding record for the Blytheville, AR Test Site.

zfsqtu2Comments: z=Depth [ft],
fs=Sleeve friction [tsf],
qt=Tip resistance [tsf],
u2=Pore pressure [psi]

Values collected every presentationz=0.164ft but reported herein every presentationz=0.984ft (except for first and last values).
0.1630.1635.990-0.080
1.1480.3436.644-4.346
2.1330.3215.024-3.507
3.1170.23230.509-0.474
4.1010.2838.4520.052
5.0850.2593.6021.817
6.0700.2794.5832.308
7.0540.3215.6193.310
8.0380.3147.2213.799
9.0220.1784.8804.400
10.0070.15326.5544.783
10.9910.28355.5854.052
11.9750.38057.5793.349
12.9590.29941.1643.934
13.9440.33244.7181.888
14.9280.41280.2770.862
15.9120.48599.2911.548
16.8960.549102.2433.270
17.8810.43582.0303.717
18.8650.41381.4703.345
19.8490.25950.4103.707
20.8330.23330.2383.041
21.8180.29456.9764.014
22.8020.27448.2707.523
23.7860.30658.0577.823
24.7700.31659.9298.438
25.7550.30359.6929.553
26.7390.27153.97511.429
27.7230.29060.59911.954
28.7070.30768.63012.150
29.6920.32876.19313.576
30.6760.35086.08613.470
31.6600.33689.23114.176
32.6440.41998.04215.180
33.6290.39696.31415.467
34.6130.372107.34315.953
35.5970.410113.07716.297
36.5810.508143.89916.744
37.5660.666185.60916.821
38.5500.608179.80917.287
39.5610.656185.48717.292
40.5460.840206.95717.771
41.5300.866205.63216.569
42.5690.925210.83018.586
43.5530.995232.12218.903
44.5371.028245.35919.529
45.5491.077259.47319.777
46.5331.035227.95320.100
47.5171.000211.49520.318
48.5290.967220.91320.881
49.5131.070253.78920.833
50.4980.895268.33121.315
51.4820.757256.27621.870
52.4660.680247.75122.581
53.4500.717240.93322.914
54.4350.653219.25623.600
55.4740.648245.68324.005
56.4580.688250.65924.232
57.4420.767245.87224.346
58.4810.847268.14525.168
59.4651.130329.02325.588
60.4491.317379.16425.735
61.4881.457392.78924.920
62.4731.366378.49726.585
63.4571.462393.08026.816
64.4691.218375.34727.283
65.5181.017343.50227.677
66.5031.156355.59028.325
67.6261.355342.05229.154
68.6110.844311.25629.417
69.5950.687298.51729.799
70.5790.727290.58030.460
71.5630.842289.15930.683
72.5480.729249.83031.720
73.7100.863273.81331.332
74.6940.901348.68731.865
75.6781.635376.84831.968
77.0180.980322.82332.031
78.0020.885260.04028.425
78.9861.091375.01732.978
79.9700.986345.08732.455
80.9550.788374.13433.192
81.9391.274374.53034.805
82.9231.856404.21033.297
83.6611.557351.65729.414

Table G5. Results from calculations to find corrected tip resistance.

zpresentationpresentationvoIcnQtnqc1NCNmpresentationqc1Nqc1NcsComments: For Event #1 – amax=0.1,
Mw=6.5,
z=Depth [ft],
presentation=Unit weight [pcf],
presentationvo–=Vertical effective stress [psf],
Ic=Soil behavior type index,
n=stress normalization exponent,
Qtn=Normalized corrected net cone tip resistance,
qc1N=Overburden stress-corrected cone tip resistance [tsf],
CN=Overburden correction factor,
m=Overburden correction factor exponent,
presentationqc1N=Increment in cone tip resistance [tsf],
qc1Ncs
=Clean sand and overburden stress-corrected cone tip resistance [tsf].

Values collected every presentationz=0.164ft but reported herein every presentationz=0.984ft (except for first and last values).

See definition of variables on previous page.

Values collected every ∆z=0.164ft but reported herein every ∆z=0.984ft (except for first and last values).
0.163120.82219.7382.1900.683137.3519.6241.7000.62843.21452.837
1.148107.801125.2552.5430.81967.87210.6741.7000.59253.08163.755
2.133105.991229.4962.7200.88746.6068.0711.7000.59654.51362.584
3.117113.182338.4021.8370.553104.31449.0181.7000.6206.15355.171
4.101110.548453.6512.5390.82143.66913.5801.7000.58153.85367.433
5.085103.417555.3122.9960.99622.0635.7861.7000.59955.73061.516
6.070105.630658.7562.9240.96923.5997.3631.7000.59455.97063.333
7.054106.426762.7462.8820.95425.2619.0271.7000.58856.18565.212
8.038107.520867.6752.7690.91227.63811.6021.7000.58056.04667.648
9.022101.243969.7692.8800.95517.5797.8411.7000.59355.80963.649
10.007114.2351074.5501.9710.61158.58242.6621.7000.56530.47373.136
10.991113.8781188.0521.7290.520103.53189.3051.7000.5230.00089.305
11.975113.8881299.1431.7850.543105.46892.5101.7000.5140.48892.998
12.959112.9481411.4001.9250.59776.42566.1361.7000.51825.36191.497
13.944115.2921522.1291.9170.59579.40171.8461.7000.50724.34996.195
14.928114.0231635.0681.6620.500124.908120.6411.5900.4560.000120.641
15.912116.1851748.9571.5930.475146.144139.9821.4920.4200.000139.982
16.896117.1331864.2811.6140.484147.175140.2641.4520.4200.000140.264
17.881115.2661978.6961.6930.515117.381114.2691.4740.4680.000114.269
18.865114.6862091.5731.6940.517113.434111.1831.4440.4740.000111.183
19.849110.4002201.9331.8710.58571.26170.2551.4750.53514.01284.267
20.833107.9962306.4912.1440.69044.08440.9101.4320.52447.84288.752
21.818111.0732414.1871.8450.57876.37175.8951.4090.5358.63284.527
22.802109.4882522.5661.9330.61264.16462.4791.3700.52426.52289.002
23.786110.7992630.5051.8600.58574.49273.9521.3480.53211.74385.695
24.770111.3412740.0671.8570.58575.13474.7551.3200.53111.04985.804
25.755110.5472849.2211.8580.58773.20473.1191.2960.53511.29684.415
26.739110.0862957.8781.9010.60465.09664.8191.2710.53320.28685.105
27.723110.5883067.1691.8560.58871.24871.6311.2510.54010.84482.475
28.707111.8973176.7041.8040.57078.70579.7301.2290.5421.79081.520
29.692112.6533286.9781.7640.55685.46586.5511.2020.5300.02686.577
30.676113.6383397.7611.7130.53894.47295.4831.1740.5080.00095.483
31.660113.0033509.6231.6910.53096.05997.2561.1530.5040.00097.256
32.644115.0623621.8931.6880.530103.928104.7461.1300.4880.000104.746
33.629114.8993734.7861.6930.533100.416101.5221.1150.4950.000101.522
34.613114.5913847.3261.6220.508109.784111.0681.0950.4750.000111.068
35.597115.8633961.4581.6180.507113.953115.2071.0780.4660.000115.207
36.581117.7574076.5901.5260.474142.725143.6221.0560.4140.000143.622
37.566120.2424194.4741.4400.443181.446181.8641.0370.3550.000181.864
38.550119.4994312.7411.4440.445173.422174.4951.0270.3650.000174.495
39.561120.0834434.6281.4470.448176.598178.0411.0160.3600.000178.041
40.546121.8714553.8661.4450.448194.761196.5721.0050.3340.000196.572
41.530122.1994674.3841.4610.456191.015193.4870.9960.3380.000193.487
42.569123.4454802.0701.4680.460193.243196.4800.9860.3340.000196.480
43.553123.9414923.3481.4320.448210.501214.7490.9790.3100.000214.749
44.537123.9105045.8271.4100.441220.087225.4130.9720.2970.000225.413
45.549124.2365171.2841.3920.435230.278236.9110.9660.2830.000236.911
46.533123.5065293.3491.4670.465198.903205.4830.9540.3220.000205.483
47.517124.3435415.4521.5090.483181.689188.4070.9430.3450.000188.407
48.529123.0005540.4881.4770.472188.003195.5210.9360.3360.000195.521
49.513123.5475662.0411.4200.452214.886224.7210.9370.2980.000224.721
50.498122.9975783.7481.3420.424226.501236.8270.9340.2830.000236.827
51.482121.7505903.7941.3350.422214.291223.8960.9240.2990.000223.896
52.466121.0186022.6771.3350.424205.151214.3950.9160.3110.000214.395
53.450121.3756141.7911.3680.438196.831206.5490.9070.3210.000206.549
54.435120.4746260.2471.4100.455176.321185.0300.8930.3500.000185.030
55.474120.5566385.6141.3410.430197.683208.0630.8960.3190.000208.063
56.458120.9246504.8881.3450.433199.820211.3000.8920.3150.000211.300
57.442121.5616624.1401.3860.450193.053205.4450.8840.3220.000205.445
58.481122.4796750.3931.3580.441209.641224.8450.8870.2980.000224.845
59.465124.8876872.2801.3040.421257.745278.2940.8950.2640.000254.000
60.449126.7406996.6711.2570.405297.100319.0710.8900.2640.000254.000
61.488127.6007128.6891.2660.410304.597328.7760.8860.2640.000254.000
62.473126.9507254.3461.2750.415290.399315.2310.8810.2640.000254.000
63.457127.4797379.2821.2720.416299.257325.7890.8770.2640.000254.000
64.469125.9387507.1471.2550.411284.171309.5830.8730.2640.000254.000
65.518124.6517640.1611.2690.417256.807281.9110.8680.2640.000254.000
66.503125.5027762.7661.2830.424263.053290.5410.8650.2640.000254.000
67.626126.2127902.3001.3560.454246.692278.1030.8600.2640.000254.000
68.611122.4038024.0861.2970.433225.304251.6020.8550.2670.000251.602
69.595121.4998144.1461.2800.428215.142238.0910.8440.2820.000238.091
70.579121.7938264.4211.3140.442206.152229.2930.8350.2920.000229.293
71.563122.2318385.0331.3550.459201.555226.7290.8300.2960.000226.729
72.548122.6188505.0171.4210.485169.611188.9730.8000.3440.000188.973
73.710123.4408649.0101.4040.481185.100209.6810.8100.3170.000209.681
74.694123.7548770.3691.2570.426243.712275.5310.8360.2640.000254.000
75.678128.3388895.1321.3710.471253.916296.6020.8330.2640.000254.000
77.018124.6619061.8381.3370.460216.689252.4730.8280.2660.000252.473
78.002124.1089185.0511.4610.509166.798191.8540.7810.3410.000191.854
78.986125.6609307.6671.2700.438253.122291.4820.8220.2640.000254.000
79.970124.8769432.6071.3040.452228.713267.2160.8190.2640.000254.000
80.955124.0629556.4171.1980.413254.053288.6580.8160.2640.000254.000
81.939126.6679681.1991.3220.462243.412287.9150.8130.2640.000254.000
82.923130.2069805.7081.3840.487256.159309.6230.8110.2640.000254.000
83.661127.81210859.6591.4300.505217.688268.6350.8080.2640.000254.000

Table G6. Results from CRR, cyclic stress ratio, and factor of safety calculations.

zrdpresentation(z)presentation(z)KpresentationCpresentationMSFmaxMSFCRR7.5,1atmCRRM,presentation′vCSRM,presentation′vComments:
For Event #1 – amax=0.1, Mw=6.5, z=Depth [ft], rd=Shear stress reduction coefficient, presentation(z)=Term used to find rd, presentation(z)=Term used to find rd, Kpresentation= correction to cyclic resistance for overburden stress, Cpresentation=Term used to find Kpresentation, MSFmax=Upper bound on magnitude scaling, MSF, CRR7.5,1atm = standardized cyclic resistance corresponding to a moment magnitude earthquake of 7.5, with 15 uniform shear stress cycles, and one atmosphere of pressure, CRRM,presentation–v =Cyclic resistance ratio for the magnitude and effective stress of interest, CSRM,presentation–v=Cyclic stress ratio for the magnitude and effective stress of interest. Values collected every presentationz=0.164ft but reported herein every presentationz=0.984ft (except for first and last values).

See definition of variables on previous page.

Values collected every ∆z=0.164ft but reported herein every ∆z=0.984ft (except for first and last values).
0.1631.000.010.001.100.071.121.040.090.110.07
1.1481.000.000.001.100.081.131.050.100.120.07
2.1331.00-0.010.001.100.081.131.050.100.120.09
3.1171.00-0.020.001.100.071.121.040.100.110.11
4.1010.99-0.040.001.100.081.141.050.110.120.11
5.0850.99-0.050.011.100.081.131.050.100.120.12
6.0700.98-0.070.011.100.081.131.050.100.120.12
7.0540.98-0.090.011.100.081.141.050.100.120.13
8.0380.98-0.100.011.100.081.141.050.110.120.13
9.0220.97-0.120.011.100.081.131.050.100.120.13
10.0070.97-0.140.021.100.091.161.060.110.130.13
10.9910.96-0.160.021.100.101.211.080.120.150.13
11.9750.96-0.170.021.100.101.231.090.130.150.13
12.9590.95-0.190.021.100.101.221.080.130.150.13
13.9440.95-0.210.021.100.101.241.090.130.160.13
14.9280.94-0.230.031.100.131.391.150.170.220.13
15.9120.94-0.260.031.100.151.561.210.230.310.13
16.8960.93-0.280.031.100.151.561.210.240.310.13
17.8810.92-0.300.031.100.121.351.130.160.200.13
18.8650.92-0.320.041.090.121.331.120.150.190.13
19.8490.91-0.340.041.070.091.191.070.120.140.13
20.8330.91-0.370.041.070.101.211.080.120.140.13
21.8180.90-0.390.041.060.091.191.070.120.140.13
22.8020.89-0.420.051.060.101.211.080.120.140.13
23.7860.89-0.440.051.050.101.201.070.120.140.13
24.7700.88-0.470.051.050.101.201.070.120.140.13
25.7550.88-0.490.061.050.091.191.070.120.130.12
26.7390.87-0.520.061.040.091.201.070.120.130.12
27.7230.86-0.540.061.040.091.191.070.120.130.12
28.7070.86-0.570.061.040.091.181.070.120.130.12
29.6920.85-0.600.071.030.101.201.080.120.140.12
30.6760.84-0.620.071.030.101.241.090.130.150.12
31.6600.84-0.650.071.030.101.251.090.130.150.12
32.6440.83-0.680.081.030.111.291.110.140.160.12
33.6290.82-0.700.081.020.111.271.100.140.160.12
34.6130.82-0.730.081.020.121.321.120.150.180.12
35.5970.81-0.760.081.020.121.351.130.160.190.12
36.5810.81-0.790.091.020.151.601.230.250.310.12
37.5660.80-0.820.091.020.222.121.420.781.140.11
38.5500.79-0.850.091.010.202.001.380.590.820.11
39.5610.79-0.870.101.010.212.061.400.670.950.11
40.5460.78-0.900.101.000.252.201.451.572.280.11
41.5300.77-0.930.101.000.242.201.451.331.930.11
42.5690.77-0.960.110.990.252.201.451.562.240.11
43.5530.76-0.990.110.980.302.201.452.002.840.11
44.5370.75-1.020.110.970.302.201.452.002.820.11
45.5490.75-1.050.120.960.302.201.452.002.800.11
46.5330.74-1.080.120.960.282.201.452.002.780.10
47.5170.73-1.110.120.960.232.201.451.041.450.10
48.5290.73-1.140.130.950.252.201.451.482.050.10
49.5130.72-1.170.130.930.302.201.452.002.710.10
50.4980.72-1.190.130.930.302.201.452.002.690.10
51.4820.71-1.220.140.920.302.201.452.002.670.10
52.4660.70-1.250.140.910.302.201.452.002.660.10
53.4500.70-1.280.140.910.282.201.452.002.650.10
54.4350.69-1.310.140.930.222.181.440.901.200.10
55.4740.69-1.340.150.900.292.201.452.002.610.10
56.4580.68-1.360.150.890.302.201.452.002.590.09
57.4420.67-1.390.150.890.282.201.452.002.590.09
58.4810.67-1.420.160.880.302.201.452.002.550.09
59.4650.66-1.450.160.870.302.201.452.002.540.09
60.4490.66-1.470.160.870.302.201.452.002.520.09
61.4880.65-1.500.160.860.302.201.452.002.500.09
62.4730.65-1.530.170.860.302.201.452.002.490.09
63.4570.64-1.550.170.850.302.201.452.002.470.09
64.4690.64-1.580.170.850.302.201.452.002.450.09
65.5180.63-1.600.180.840.302.201.452.002.440.09
66.5030.62-1.630.180.830.302.201.452.002.420.09
67.6260.62-1.650.180.830.302.201.452.002.410.08
68.6110.61-1.680.180.820.302.201.452.002.390.08
69.5950.61-1.700.190.820.302.201.452.002.380.08
70.5790.60-1.720.190.810.302.201.452.002.370.08
71.5630.60-1.750.190.810.302.201.452.002.350.08
72.5480.60-1.770.190.850.232.201.451.071.320.08
73.7100.59-1.790.190.800.302.201.452.002.330.08
74.6940.59-1.810.200.800.302.201.452.002.310.08
75.6780.58-1.830.200.790.302.201.452.002.300.08
77.0180.58-1.860.200.790.302.201.452.002.280.08
78.0020.57-1.880.200.830.242.201.451.231.470.08
78.9860.57-1.900.200.780.302.201.452.002.260.08
79.9700.57-1.910.210.770.302.201.452.002.250.08
80.9550.56-1.930.210.770.302.201.452.002.230.08
81.9390.56-1.950.210.770.302.201.452.002.220.08
82.9230.55-1.960.210.760.302.201.452.002.210.08
83.6610.55-1.970.210.760.302.201.452.002.200.08

Table G7. Results from Yoshimine et al. (2006) and Idriss and Boulanger (2008) calculations.

zFSpresentationpresentationlimpresentationmaxpresentationvpresentationpresentationComments:
For Event #1 – amax=0.1, Mw=6.5, z=Depth [ft], FSpresentation =Factor of Safety, presentationlim =Limiting shear strain, presentationmax=Maximum shear strain, presentationv=Volumetric strain, presentation = presentations = Incremental soil settlement [in], presentation = s1D = Cumulative soil settlement from bottom of soil profile top of soil profile [in].

Values collected every presentationz=0.164ft but reported herein every presentationz=0.984ft (except for first and last values).

See definition of variables on previous page.

Values collected every 0.164ft but reported herein every 0.984ft (except for first and last values).
0.1630.940.950.000.000.002.46
1.1480.940.730.000.000.002.46
2.1330.940.750.000.000.002.46
3.1170.940.900.020.020.032.43
4.1010.940.670.010.010.022.32
5.0850.940.770.000.000.002.30
6.0700.940.730.000.000.002.30
7.0540.940.700.000.000.002.30
8.0380.940.660.000.000.002.30
9.0220.940.730.000.000.002.30
10.0070.940.580.070.040.082.15
10.9910.870.400.020.010.011.84
11.9750.850.370.010.010.011.77
12.9590.860.380.010.010.011.70
13.9440.820.340.010.010.011.63
14.9280.600.190.000.000.001.58
15.9120.370.120.000.000.001.57
16.8960.370.120.000.000.001.57
17.8810.660.220.010.000.001.57
18.8650.690.240.010.000.011.54
19.8490.900.450.020.010.021.47
20.8330.870.400.020.010.011.20
21.8180.900.440.020.010.021.09
22.8020.870.400.020.010.010.98
23.7860.890.430.020.010.020.89
24.7700.890.430.020.010.020.80
25.7550.900.450.020.010.020.70
26.7390.890.440.020.010.020.61
27.7230.910.470.020.010.020.51
28.7070.910.480.020.010.020.40
29.6920.890.420.020.010.010.28
30.6760.830.340.010.000.010.21
31.6600.810.330.010.000.010.15
32.6440.750.280.010.000.010.11
33.6290.780.300.010.000.010.07
34.6130.690.240.010.000.000.03
35.5970.650.220.010.000.000.01
36.5810.330.110.000.000.000.00
37.566-0.190.040.000.000.000.00
38.550-0.080.050.000.000.000.00
39.561-0.130.040.000.000.000.00
40.546-0.400.020.000.000.000.00
41.530-0.360.030.000.000.000.00
42.569-0.400.020.000.000.000.00
43.553-0.670.010.000.000.000.00
44.537-0.830.010.000.000.000.00
45.549-1.010.000.000.000.000.00
46.533-0.530.020.000.000.000.00
47.517-0.280.030.000.000.000.00
48.529-0.390.030.000.000.000.00
49.513-0.820.010.000.000.000.00
50.498-1.010.000.000.000.000.00
51.482-0.810.010.000.000.000.00
52.466-0.670.010.000.000.000.00
53.450-0.550.020.000.000.000.00
54.435-0.230.040.000.000.000.00
55.474-0.570.020.000.000.000.00
56.458-0.620.010.000.000.000.00
57.442-0.530.020.000.000.000.00
58.481-0.830.010.000.000.000.00
59.465-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
60.449-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
61.488-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
62.473-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
63.457-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
64.469-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
65.518-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
66.503-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
67.626-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
68.611-1.240.000.000.000.000.00
69.595-1.030.000.000.000.000.00
70.579-0.890.010.000.000.000.00
71.563-0.850.010.000.000.000.00
72.548-0.290.030.000.000.000.00
73.710-0.600.020.000.000.000.00
74.694-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
75.678-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
77.018-1.250.000.000.000.000.00
78.002-0.330.030.000.000.000.00
78.986-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
79.970-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
80.955-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
81.939-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
82.923-1.280.000.000.000.000.00
83.661-1.280.000.000.000.000.00

Table G8. Results from ALLCPT Pile Capacity Analysis and calculations (reported in imperial units).

zQsQb∆QsQwUTLRMin(Q,R)Comments:
z=Depth [ft], Qs=Summation of side resistance from ALLCPT pile capacity analysis [tons], Qb=End resistance from ALLCPT pile capacity analysis [tons], ∆Q=Incremental side resistance [tons], QwUTL=Load in pile with unfactored top load [tons], R=Resistance in pile [tons], Min(Q,R)=Load [tons] used to develop combination curve to identify the location of the neutral plane. Values calculated every ∆z=0.164ft but reported herein every ∆z=0.984ft (except for first and last values).

See definition of variables on previous page.
0.1640.0000.0000.000107.000378.116107.000
1.1480.3265.5300.045107.326377.835107.326
2.1330.8546.9350.124107.854377.385107.854
3.1171.6417.4970.191108.641376.666108.641
4.1012.6307.1710.079109.630375.564109.630
5.0853.1815.8680.090110.181375.024110.181
6.0703.8333.6310.124110.833374.406110.833
7.0544.5644.0690.124111.564373.676111.564
8.0385.2945.4180.124112.294372.945112.294
9.0226.03610.0940.124113.036372.203113.036
10.0076.78918.7490.157113.789371.484113.789
10.9918.19426.9770.225115.194370.146115.194
11.9759.61133.7780.225116.611368.730116.611
12.95911.13938.9590.270118.139367.246118.139
13.94412.73545.3440.281119.735365.661119.735
14.92814.29852.7630.303121.298364.121121.298
15.91216.45659.9340.393123.456362.053123.456
16.89618.85062.1820.393125.850359.659125.850
17.88121.06558.4620.326128.065357.377128.065
18.86523.07751.0540.337130.077355.376130.077
19.84924.60542.0390.247131.605353.758131.605
20.83326.15736.4980.225133.157352.184133.157
21.81827.49435.2050.225134.494350.846134.494
22.80228.93336.4860.292135.933349.475135.933
23.78630.56339.1620.225137.563347.778137.563
24.77031.96841.0390.236138.968346.384138.968
25.75533.39542.0950.236140.395344.956140.395
26.73934.80043.6240.259141.800343.574141.800
27.72336.20546.1530.247143.205342.157143.205
28.70737.72349.8740.270144.723340.662144.723
29.69239.38754.6170.303146.387339.033146.387
30.67641.27559.6080.337148.275337.178148.275
31.66043.35464.2620.348150.354335.110150.354
32.64445.58068.7240.382152.580332.918152.580
33.62947.86273.9510.371154.862330.625154.862
34.61350.26782.2800.416157.267328.264157.267
35.59752.94374.7830.450159.943325.623159.943
36.58155.88885.6750.540162.888322.768162.888
37.56659.99096.7130.731166.990318.856166.990
38.55064.441105.1430.708171.441314.382171.441
39.56769.039111.4830.742176.039309.819176.039
40.55173.782116.0240.821180.782305.154180.782
41.53578.515120.8240.798185.515300.399185.515
42.58583.865127.5450.821190.865295.071190.865
43.57089.148133.0190.910196.148289.878196.148
44.55494.847135.5260.955201.847284.224201.847
45.538100.849135.6160.978207.849278.244207.849
46.522106.616134.1210.899213.616272.399213.616
47.507s 111.719133.626s 0.832218.719267.229, 218.719
48.524116.755135.9190.843223.755262.204223.755
49.508122.431140.2020.978229.431256.663229.431
50.492128.355143.6870.989235.355250.750235.355
51.476134.278144.0910.989241.278244.826241.278
52.461140.135142.2370.967247.135238.948238.948
53.445145.912139.8990.944252.912233.148233.148
54.429151.364138.6060.877258.364227.629227.629
55.479157.220139.9550.955264.220221.851221.851
56.463163.133143.7770.989270.133215.972215.972
57.448168.978152.3640.978275.978210.116210.116
58.465174.991168.9660.978281.991204.102204.102
59.449180.915185.9620.989287.915198.190198.190
60.433186.839201.3280.989293.839192.266192.266
61.483193.088214.4790.989300.088186.016186.016
62.467199.001218.8960.978306.001180.093180.093
63.451204.925217.4240.989311.925174.180174.180
64.469211.006214.1190.978318.006168.088168.088
65.518217.323207.4091.383324.323162.175162.175
66.503223.247199.8330.989330.247155.858155.858
67.618230.002190.0420.989337.002149.103149.103
68.602235.926181.1170.989342.926143.179143.179
69.587241.838174.1480.978348.838137.255137.255
70.571247.762167.8090.989354.762131.343131.343
71.555253.686165.0660.989360.686125.419125.419
72.539259.598167.0330.978366.598119.495119.495
73.720266.590175.4860.989373.590112.515112.515
74.705272.513182.1400.989379.513106.591106.591
75.689278.426185.6140.978385.426100.668100.668
77.001286.485187.8280.989393.48592.61992.619
77.986292.330190.4810.989399.33086.77486.774
78.970298.254198.0340.989405.25480.85180.851
79.987304.178206.7120.989411.17874.92774.927
80.971310.090213.7480.989417.09069.01569.015
81.923316.014216.1200.989423.01463.09163.091
82.907321.938213.6920.989428.93857.16757.167
83.825327.356209.6120.978434.35651.73851.738
84.810333.279205.8460.989440.27945.82645.826
85.794339.192203.5310.978446.19239.90239.902
86.778345.115202.4180.989452.11533.98933.989
87.434349.061202.3840.989456.06130.04430.044

Table G9. Results from ALLCPT Pile Capacity Analysis and calculations (reported in imperial units).

zQsQb∆QsQwUTLRMin(Q,R)Comments:
z=Depth [ft], Qs=Summation of side resistance from ALLCPT pile capacity analysis [tons], Qb=End resistance from ALLCPT pile capacity analysis [tons], ∆Q=Incremental side resistance [tons], QwUTL=Load in pile with unfactored top load [tons], R=Resistance in pile [tons], Min(Q,R)=Load [tons] used to develop combination curve to identify the location of the neutral plane.

Values calculated every ∆z=0.164ft but reported herein every ∆z=0.984ft (except for first and last values).

See definition of variables on previous page.
0.1640.0000.0000.000107.000378.116107.000
1.1480.3265.5300.045107.326377.835107.326
2.1330.8546.9350.124107.854377.385107.854
3.1171.6417.4970.191108.641376.666108.641
4.1012.6307.1710.079109.630375.564109.630
5.0853.1815.8680.090110.181375.024110.181
6.0703.8333.6310.124110.833374.406110.833
7.0544.5644.0690.124111.564373.676111.564
8.0385.2945.4180.124112.294372.945112.294
9.0226.03610.0940.124113.036372.203113.036
10.0076.78918.7490.157113.789371.484113.789
10.9918.19426.9770.225115.194370.146115.194
11.9759.61133.7780.225116.611368.730116.611
12.95911.13938.9590.270118.139367.246118.139
13.94412.73545.3440.281119.735365.661119.735
14.92814.29852.7630.303121.298364.121121.298
15.91216.45659.9340.393123.456362.053123.456
16.89618.85062.1820.393125.850359.659125.850
17.88121.06558.4620.326128.065357.377128.065
18.86523.07751.0540.337130.077355.376130.077
19.84924.60542.0390.247131.605353.758131.605
20.83326.15736.4980.225133.157352.184133.157
21.81827.49435.2050.225134.494350.846134.494
22.80228.93336.4860.292135.933349.475135.933
23.78630.56339.1620.225137.563347.778137.563
24.77031.96841.0390.236138.968346.384138.968
25.75533.39542.0950.236140.395344.956140.395
26.73934.80043.6240.259141.800343.574141.800
27.72336.20546.1530.247143.205342.157143.205
28.70737.72349.8740.270144.723340.662144.723
29.69239.38754.6170.303146.387339.033146.387
30.67641.27559.6080.337148.275337.178148.275
31.66043.35464.2620.348150.354335.110150.354
32.64445.58068.7240.382152.580332.918152.580
33.62947.86273.9510.371154.862330.625154.862
34.61350.26782.2800.416157.267328.264157.267
35.59752.94374.7830.450159.943325.623159.943
36.58155.88885.6750.540162.888322.768162.888
37.56659.99096.7130.731166.990318.856166.990
38.55064.441105.1430.708171.441314.382171.441
39.56769.039111.4830.742176.039309.819176.039
40.55173.782116.0240.821180.782305.154180.782
41.53578.515120.8240.798185.515300.399185.515
42.58583.865127.5450.821190.865295.071190.865
43.57089.148133.0190.910196.148289.878196.148
44.55494.847135.5260.955201.847284.224201.847
45.538100.849135.6160.978207.849278.244207.849
46.522106.616134.1210.899213.616272.399213.616
47.507111.719133.6260.832218.719267.229218.719
48.524116.755135.9190.843223.755262.204223.755
49.508122.431140.2020.978229.431256.663229.431
50.492128.355143.6870.989235.355250.750235.355
51.476134.278144.0910.989241.278244.826241.278
52.461140.135142.2370.967247.135238.948238.948
53.445145.912139.8990.944252.912233.148233.148
54.429151.364138.6060.877258.364227.629227.629
55.479157.220139.9550.955264.220221.851221.851
56.463163.133143.7770.989270.133215.972215.972
57.448168.978152.3640.978275.978210.116210.116
58.465174.991168.9660.978281.991204.102204.102
59.449180.915185.9620.989287.915198.190198.190
60.433186.839201.3280.989293.839192.266192.266
61.483193.088214.4790.989300.088186.016186.016
62.467199.001218.8960.978306.001180.093180.093
63.451204.925217.4240.989311.925174.180174.180
64.469211.006214.1190.978318.006168.088168.088
65.518217.323207.4091.383324.323162.175162.175
66.503223.247199.8330.989330.247155.858155.858
67.618230.002190.0420.989337.002149.103149.103
68.602235.926181.1170.989342.926143.179143.179
69.587241.838174.1480.978348.838137.255137.255
70.571247.762167.8090.989354.762131.343131.343
71.555253.686165.0660.989360.686125.419125.419
72.539259.598167.0330.978366.598119.495119.495
73.720266.590175.4860.989373.590112.515112.515
74.705272.513182.1400.989379.513106.591106.591
75.689278.426185.6140.978385.426100.668100.668
77.001286.485187.8280.989393.48592.61992.619
77.986292.330190.4810.989399.33086.77486.774
78.970298.254198.0340.989405.25480.85180.851
79.987304.178206.7120.989411.17874.92774.927
80.971310.090213.7480.989417.09069.01569.015
81.923316.014216.1200.989423.01463.09163.091
82.907321.938213.6920.989428.93857.16757.167
83.825327.356209.6120.978434.35651.73851.738
84.810333.279205.8460.989440.27945.82645.826
85.794339.192203.5310.978446.19239.90239.902
87.434349.061202.3840.989456.06130.04430.044

Table G10. Results from ALLCPT/TZPILE and additional spreadsheet calculations.

zMin(Q,R)presentationpComments:
0.5106.950.238z=Depth [ft], Min(Q,R)=Load used to develop combination curve to identify the location of the neutral plane, presentationp =pile settlement.
1.5107.200.235
2.5107.500.232
3.5107.850.229
4.5108.250.226
5.5108.700.223
6.5109.250.220
7.5109.800.217
8.5110.450.215
9.5111.150.212
10.4111.950.209
11.4112.900.206
12.4113.850.203
13.4114.850.199
14.4115.900.196
15.4117.050.193
16.4118.200.190
17.4119.450.187
18.4120.750.184
19.4122.100.181
20.4123.500.177
21.4125.050.174
22.4126.700.171
23.4128.450.167
24.4130.400.164
25.4132.400.160
26.4134.600.157
27.3136.900.153
28.3139.350.149
29.3141.900.146
30.3144.300.142
31.3146.000.138
32.3146.400.134
33.3145.350.130
34.3143.300.126
35.3140.650.122
36.3137.600.119
37.3134.400.115
38.3131.150.111
39.3127.850.108
40.3124.600.105
41.3121.350.101
42.3118.150.098
43.3114.950.095
44.3111.750.092
45.2108.550.089
46.2105.400.086
47.2102.250.083
48.299.150.081
49.296.100.078
50.293.050.075
51.290.050.073
52.287.100.071
53.284.200.068
54.281.300.066See definition of variables on previous page.
55.278.450.064
56.275.600.062
57.272.850.060
58.270.050.058
59.267.350.056
60.264.650.054
61.262.000.053
62.159.400.051
63.156.850.050
64.154.300.048
65.151.850.047
66.149.450.045
67.147.090.044
68.144.790.043
69.142.530.042
70.140.330.041
71.138.170.039
72.136.060.038
73.133.990.038
74.131.960.037
75.129.960.036
76.128.000.035
77.126.080.034
78.124.180.034
79.122.310.033
80.020.470.032
81.018.650.032
82.016.850.031
83.015.080.031
84.013.320.031
85.011.570.030
86.09.840.030
87.08.120.030

Table H1. Average CPT sounding record for the Blytheville, AR Test Site.

zfsqtu2Comments:
z=Depth [ft],
fs=Sleeve friction [tsf],
qt=Tip resistance [tsf],
u2=Pore pressure [psi]

Values collected every presentationz=0.164ft but reported herein every presentationz=0.984ft (except for first and last values).

See definition of variables on previous page.
0.1630.1635.990-0.080
1.1480.3436.644-4.346
2.1330.3215.024-3.507
3.1170.23230.509-0.474
4.1010.2838.4520.052
5.0850.2593.6021.817
6.0700.2794.5832.308
7.0540.3215.6193.310
8.0380.3147.2213.799
9.0220.1784.8804.400
10.0070.15326.5544.783
10.9910.28355.5854.052
11.9750.38057.5793.349
12.9590.29941.1643.934
13.9440.33244.7181.888
14.9280.41280.2770.862
15.9120.48599.2911.548
16.8960.549102.2433.270
17.8810.43582.0303.717
18.8650.41381.4703.345
19.8490.25950.4103.707
20.8330.23330.2383.041
21.8180.29456.9764.014
22.8020.27448.2707.523
23.7860.30658.0577.823
24.7700.31659.9298.438
25.7550.30359.6929.553
26.7390.27153.97511.429
27.7230.29060.59911.954
28.7070.30768.63012.150
29.6920.32876.19313.576
30.6760.35086.08613.470
31.6600.33689.23114.176
32.6440.41998.04215.180
33.6290.39696.31415.467
34.6130.372107.34315.953
35.5970.410113.07716.297
36.5810.508143.89916.744
37.5660.666185.60916.821
38.5500.608179.80917.287
39.5610.656185.48717.292
40.5460.840206.95717.771
41.5300.866205.63216.569
42.5690.925210.83018.586
43.5530.995232.12218.903
44.5371.028245.35919.529
45.5491.077259.47319.777
46.5331.035227.95320.100
47.5171.000211.49520.318
48.5290.967220.91320.881
49.5131.070253.78920.833
50.4980.895268.33121.315
51.4820.757256.27621.870
52.4660.680247.75122.581
53.4500.717240.93322.914
54.4350.653219.25623.600
55.4740.648245.68324.005
56.4580.688250.65924.232
57.4420.767245.87224.346
58.4810.847268.14525.168
59.4651.130329.02325.588
60.4491.317379.16425.735
61.4881.457392.78924.920
62.4731.366378.49726.585
63.4571.462393.08026.816
64.4691.218375.34727.283
65.5181.017343.50227.677
66.5031.156355.59028.325
67.6261.355342.05229.154
68.6110.844311.25629.417
69.5950.687298.51729.799
70.5790.727290.58030.460
71.5630.842289.15930.683
72.5480.729249.83031.720
73.7100.863273.81331.332
74.6940.901348.68731.865
75.6781.635376.84831.968
77.0180.980322.82332.031
78.0020.885260.04028.425
78.9861.091375.01732.978
79.9700.986345.08732.455
80.9550.788374.13433.192
81.9391.274374.53034.805
82.9231.856404.21033.297
83.6611.557351.65729.414

Table H2. Results from Yoshimine et at. (2006) and Idriss and Boulanger (2008) calculations.

Event 1Event 2Comments:
For Event #1 amax=0.1, Mw=6.5, For Event #2 amax=0.4, Mw=7.7, z=Depth [ft], δ = ∆s = Incremental soil settlement [in], Σδ = s1D = Cumulative soil settlement from bottom of soil profile top of soil profile [in].

Values collected every ∆z=0.164ft but reported herein every ∆z=0.984ft (except for first and last values).

See definition of variables on previous page.

Values collected every 0.164ft but reported herein every 0.984ft (except for first and last values).
zδΣδδΣδ
0.1630.002.460.0012.23
1.1480.002.460.2012.23
2.1330.002.460.2112.03
3.1170.032.430.5711.82
4.1010.022.320.0911.25
5.0850.002.300.0011.16
6.0700.002.300.0011.16
7.0540.002.300.0011.16
8.0380.002.300.0011.16
9.0220.002.300.1711.16
10.0070.082.150.4910.99
10.9910.011.840.4010.50
11.9750.011.770.4110.10
12.9590.011.700.409.69
13.9440.011.630.389.29
14.9280.001.580.298.91
15.9120.001.570.268.62
16.8960.001.570.298.36
17.8810.001.570.328.07
18.8650.011.540.417.75
19.8490.021.470.507.34
20.8330.011.200.456.84
21.8180.021.090.456.39
22.8020.010.980.445.94
23.7860.020.890.445.50
24.7700.020.800.445.06
25.7550.020.700.444.62
26.7390.020.610.454.18
27.7230.020.510.463.73
28.7070.020.400.463.27
29.6920.010.280.432.81
30.6760.010.210.392.38
31.6600.010.150.381.99
32.6440.010.110.371.61
33.6290.010.070.361.24
34.6130.000.030.320.88
35.5970.000.010.310.56
36.5810.000.000.120.25
37.5660.000.000.020.13
38.5500.000.000.040.11
39.5610.000.000.010.07
40.5460.000.000.010.06
41.5300.000.000.000.05
42.5690.000.000.000.05
43.5530.000.000.000.05
44.5370.000.000.000.05
45.5490.000.000.000.05
46.5330.000.000.000.05
47.5170.000.000.030.05
48.5290.000.000.000.02
49.5130.000.000.000.02
50.4980.000.000.000.02
51.4820.000.000.000.02
52.4660.000.000.000.02
53.4500.000.000.000.02
54.4350.000.000.000.02
55.4740.000.000.000.02
56.4580.000.000.000.02
57.4420.000.000.000.02
58.4810.000.000.000.02
59.4650.000.000.000.02
60.4490.000.000.000.02
61.4880.000.000.000.02
62.4730.000.000.000.02
63.4570.000.000.000.02
64.4690.000.000.000.02
65.5180.000.000.000.02
66.5030.000.000.000.02
67.6260.000.000.000.02
68.6110.000.000.000.02
69.5950.000.000.000.02
70.5790.000.000.000.02
71.5630.000.000.000.02
72.5480.000.000.000.02
73.7100.000.000.000.02
74.6940.000.000.000.02
75.6780.000.000.000.02
77.0180.000.000.020.02
78.0020.000.000.000.00
78.9860.000.000.000.00
79.9700.000.000.000.00
80.9550.000.000.000.00
81.9390.000.000.000.00
82.9230.000.000.000.00
83.6610.000.000.000.02

Table H3. Results from ALLCPT Pile Capacity Analysis and calculations (reported in imperial units).

zQsQb∆QsQwUTLRMin(Q,R)δECΣδComments:
z=Depth [ft], Qs=Summation of side resistance from ALLCPT pile capacity analysis [tons], Qb=End resistance from ALLCPT pile capacity analysis [tons], ∆Q=Incremental side resistance [tons], QwUTL=Load in pile with unfactored top load [tons], R=Resistance in pile [tons], Min(Q,R)=Load [tons] used to develop combination curve to identify the location of the neutral plane. δEC=incremental elastic compression in pile [in], Σδ=pile settlement [in],

Values calculated every ∆z=0.164ft but reported herein every ∆z=0.984ft (except for first and last values).

See definition of variables on previous page.

Values calculated every ∆z=0.164ft but reported herein every ∆z=0.984ft (except for first and last values).
0.1640.0000.0000.000107.000451.652107.0000.000510.399
1.1480.3268.3290.045107.326451.371107.3260.000510.396
2.1330.8328.3630.112107.832450.933107.8320.000510.393
3.1171.6078.7110.191108.607450.236108.6070.000520.390
4.1012.5748.2840.067109.574449.146109.5740.000520.387
5.0853.1257.8570.090110.125448.617110.1250.000530.384
6.0703.7665.2040.124110.766448.011110.7660.000530.381
7.0544.4745.2160.124111.474447.302111.4740.000530.378
8.0385.2048.2730.124112.204446.572112.2040.000540.374
9.0225.92413.2750.112112.924445.841112.9240.000540.371
10.0076.66622.6720.157113.666445.144113.6660.000540.368
10.9918.04831.4060.214115.048443.818115.0480.000550.365
11.9759.44240.7350.225116.442442.435116.4420.000560.361
12.95910.93748.1770.270117.937440.985117.9370.000560.358
13.94412.51156.1240.281119.511439.423119.5110.000570.355
14.92814.03964.0260.303121.039437.917121.0390.000580.351
15.91216.15370.7020.382123.153435.882123.1530.000590.348
16.89618.51372.6130.393125.513433.533125.5130.000600.344
17.88120.68269.4430.326127.682431.296127.6820.000610.340
18.86522.66161.4070.337129.661429.329129.6610.000620.337
19.84924.15652.8530.247131.156427.744131.1560.000630.333
20.83325.68446.7270.225132.684426.193132.6840.000630.329
21.81827.00044.5120.225134.000424.878134.0000.000640.325
22.80228.40544.7140.281135.405423.529135.4050.000650.322
23.78630.00147.7160.214137.001421.865137.0010.000650.318
24.77031.38350.0310.225138.383420.494138.3830.000660.314
25.75532.78851.9650.236139.788419.100139.7880.000670.310
26.73934.16054.0890.247141.160417.740141.1600.000670.306
27.72335.54257.5060.236142.542416.346142.5420.000680.302
28.70737.02661.8790.259144.026414.885144.0260.000690.297
29.69238.66767.1620.292145.667413.278145.6670.000700.293
30.67640.52272.9620.337147.522411.468147.5220.000700.289
31.66042.56878.7390.348149.568409.433149.5680.000710.285
32.64444.74884.7190.371151.748407.275151.7480.000720.281
33.62946.99692.5540.371153.996405.027153.9960.000740.276
34.61349.346103.1760.405156.346402.712156.3460.000750.272
35.59751.97692.9140.438158.976400.115158.9760.000760.267
36.58154.876105.1770.540161.876397.316161.8760.000770.263
37.56658.889117.4850.719165.889393.483165.8890.000790.258
38.55063.272127.6690.708170.272389.088170.2720.000810.253
39.56767.780136.0880.719174.780384.592174.7800.000830.248
40.55172.433143.3830.809179.433380.028179.4330.000860.243
41.53577.087149.6220.787184.087375.352184.0870.000880.238
42.58582.336155.8830.798189.336370.114189.3360.000900.232
43.57087.518161.2440.888194.518365.022194.5180.000930.227
44.55493.116164.2340.933200.116359.470200.1160.000960.221
45.53899.017165.4930.967206.017353.602206.0170.000980.215
46.522104.682165.4820.899211.682347.869211.6820.001010.209
47.507109.684165.9200.821216.684342.789216.6840.001030.203
48.524114.619168.1570.821221.619337.854221.6190.001060.197
49.508120.205171.8780.967227.205332.414227.2050.001080.191
50.492126.017174.4630.967233.017326.602233.0170.001110.184
51.476131.828175.2720.967238.828320.791238.8280.001140.177
52.461137.583174.7100.955244.583315.025244.5830.001170.170
53.445143.259172.8780.944250.259309.337250.2590.001190.163
54.429148.599171.4730.854255.599303.908255.5990.001220.156
55.479154.354173.6760.933261.354298.232261.3540.001250.148
56.463160.165180.4880.978267.165292.465267.1650.001280.141
57.448165.898191.8740.955272.898286.710272.8980.001300.133
58.465171.810208.3420.978278.810280.820278.8100.001330.125
59.449177.622227.4840.967284.622274.998274.9980.001310.117
60.433183.433244.9070.967290.433269.186269.1860.001290.110
61.483189.570257.8330.978296.570263.060263.0600.001260.102
62.467195.381264.3530.967302.381257.238257.2380.001230.094
63.451201.193265.2630.967308.193251.426251.4260.001200.087
64.469207.161261.1610.967314.161245.458245.4580.001170.080
65.518213.366254.4841.360320.366239.646239.6460.001140.073
66.503219.177245.4130.967326.177233.442233.4420.001110.066
67.618225.809233.6890.967332.809226.810226.8100.001080.060
68.602231.621223.1120.967338.621220.998220.9980.001060.053
69.587237.432214.5130.967344.432215.187215.1870.001030.047
71.063246.155206.4650.967353.155206.465206.4650.000990.038

Table I1. Design soil properties for the Alaska gravel design example.

MaterialDepthzγ′φ′N1,60σzVsEsνKoIrqnfs
Gravel0-105120362512007354286340.20.4194120021161
Gravel10-2115.567385019379351062690.30.3271226386256
Sand21-3025.555331124327092759080.20.472140667328
Gravel30-363365384728229731292770.30.3226300946373
Silt36-504365301037327253072090.10.561194674500
Sand50-6557.563384146779931426710.30.3151405671619
Gravel65-9680.560382965379531165350.30.388431575865
Gravel96-12411060351682178677374900.20.451409767110
Gravel12-13613052331088417994956160.20.435367109119
Gravel13-20016875406013641183413890.30.3113102991177
z=Midpoint depth of layer [ft], γ′=Effective unit weight [pcf], φ′=Friction angle [o], N1,60=Corrected SPT blow count [bpf], σz′=Effective vertical stress [psf], Vs=Shear wave velocity [ft/sec], Es=Young’s modulus of the soil, ν=Poisson’s ratio of the soil, K=Lateral earth pressure coefficient, Ir=Rigidity index, qn′=Nominal unit end bearing capacity [psf], fs=Nominal unit side resistance [psf]

Table I3. Results from calculations to find corrected shear wave velocity.

ElevzSoil Typeγ′σvoσvoVsVs1FCComments:
For Event #1 – amax=0.3, Mw=6.2, Elev=Elevation above sea level [t], z=Depth [ft], γ′=Effective unit weight [pcf], σvo=Vertical total stress [psf], σvo′=Vertical effective stress [psf], Vs=Shear wave velocity [fps], Vs1=Overburden corrected shear wave velocity [fps], FC=Fines Content.

See definition of variables on previous page.

See definition of variables on previous page.
19600Gravel12000735-0
19591Gravel12012012073515060
19582Gravel12024024073512670
19573Gravel12036036073511440
19564Gravel12048048073510650
19555Gravel12060060073510070
19546Gravel1207207207359620
19537Gravel1208408407359260
19528Gravel1209609607358960
19519Gravel120108010807358700
195010Gravel6712091147935109031
194911Gravel6713391214935107431
194812Gravel6714681281935106031
194713Gravel6715981348935104731
194614Gravel6717271415935103431
194515Gravel6718561482935102231
194416Gravel6719861549935101131
194317Gravel6721151616935100031
194218Gravel672245168393599031
194119Gravel672374175093598031
194020Gravel672503181793597131
193921Sand55262118727097316
193822Sand55273819277097266
193723Sand55285619827097216
193624Sand55297320377097166
193525Sand55309020927097116
193426Sand55320821477097066
193327Sand55332522027097026
193228Sand55344322577096986
193129Sand55356023127096936
193030Gravel65368723779739456
192931Gravel65381524429739396
192832Gravel65394225079739336
192733Gravel65407025729739276
192634Gravel65419726379739216
192535Gravel65432427029739156
192436Silt654452276772567892
192337Silt654579283272567492
192238Silt654707289772567092
192139Silt654834296272566792
192040Silt654961302772566392
191941Silt655089309272565992
191842Silt655216315772565692
191743Silt655344322272565392
191644Silt655471328772564992
191545Silt655598335272564692
191446Silt655726341772564392
191347Silt655853348272564092
191248Silt655981354772563792
191149Silt656108361272563492
191050Sand63623336759938654
190951Sand63635937389938614
190852Sand63648438019938584
190753Sand63661038649938544
190654Sand63673539279938514
190555Sand63686039909938474
190456Sand63698640539938444
190357Sand63711141169938414
190258Sand63723741799938384
190159Sand63736242429938354
190060Sand63748743059938314
189961Sand63761343689938284
189862Sand63773844319938254
189763Sand63786444949938234
189664Sand63798945579938204
189565Gravel60811146179537840
189466Gravel60823446779537820
189367Gravel60835647379537790
189268Gravel60847947979537770
189169Gravel60860148579537740
189070Gravel60872349179537720
188971Gravel60884649779537700
188872Gravel60896850379537670
188773Gravel60909150979537650
188674Gravel60921351579537630
188575Gravel60933552179537610
188476Gravel60945852779537580
188377Gravel60958053379537560
188278Gravel60970353979537540
188179Gravel60982554579537520
188080Gravel60994755179537500
187981Gravel601007055779537480
187882Gravel601019256379537460
187783Gravel601031556979537440
187684Gravel601043757579537420
187585Gravel601055958179537400
187486Gravel601068258779537380
187387Gravel601080459379537360
187288Gravel601092759979537340
187189Gravel601104960579537330
187090Gravel601117161179537310
186991Gravel601129461779537290
186892Gravel601141662379537270
186793Gravel601153962979537260
186694Gravel601166163579537240
186595Gravel601178364179537220
186496Gravel601190664778676550
186397Gravel601202865378676540
186298Gravel601215165978676520
186199Gravel601227366578676510
1860100Gravel601239567178676500
1859101Gravel601251867778676480
1858102Gravel601264068378676470
1857103Gravel601276368978676450
1856104Gravel601288569578676440
1855105Gravel601300770178676420
1854106Gravel601313070778676410
1853107Gravel601325271378676400
1852108Gravel601337571978676380
1851109Gravel601349772578676370
1850110Gravel601361973178676360
1849111Gravel601374273778676340
1848112Gravel601386474378676330
1847113Gravel601398774978676320
1846114Gravel601410975578676310
1845115Gravel601423176178676290
1844116Gravel601435476778676280
1843117Gravel601447677378676270
1842118Gravel601459977978676260
1841119Gravel601472178578676250
1840120Gravel601484379178676230
1839121Gravel601496679778676220
1838122Gravel601508880378676210
1837123Gravel601521180978676200
1836124Gravel521532581497995700
1835125Gravel521543982017995690
1834126Gravel521555482537995690
1833127Gravel521566883057995680
1832128Gravel521578383577995670
1831129Gravel521589784097995660
1830130Gravel521601184617995650
1829131Gravel521612685137995640
1828132Gravel521624085657995630
1827133Gravel521635586177995620
1826134Gravel521646986697995620
1825135Gravel521658387217995610
1824136Gravel7516721879611878310
1823137Gravel7516858887111878300
1822138Gravel7516996894611878280
1821139Gravel7517133902111878260
1820140Gravel7517270909611878240
1819141Gravel7517408917111878230
1818142Gravel7517545924611878210
1817143Gravel7517683932111878190
1816144Gravel7517820939611878180
1815145Gravel7517957947111878160
1814146Gravel7518095954611878140
1813147Gravel7518232962111878130
1812148Gravel7518370969611878110
1811149Gravel7518507977111878100
1810150Gravel7518644984611878080

Table I4. Results from calculations to find factor of safety against liquefaction (Rollins et al., 2022).

Elevzα(z)β(z)rdCRR7.5CRRCSRFSLiqComments:
For Event #1 – amax=0.3, Mw=6.2, MSF=Magnitude scaling factor=1.5, PL=probability of liquefaction triggering=0.15, Elev=Elevation above sea level [t], z=Depth [ft], rd=Shear stress reduction coefficient, α(z)=Term used to find rd, β(z)=Term used to find rd, CRR7.5 = standardized cyclic resistance corresponding to a moment magnitude earthquake of 7.5, with 15 uniform shear stress cycles, and one atmosphere of pressure, CRR=Cyclic resistance ratio for the magnitude and effective stress of interest, CSR=Cyclic stress ratio for the magnitude and effective stress of interest, FSLiq=Factor of safety against liquefaction.

See definition of variables on previous page.

See definition of variables on previous page.
196000.020.001.00--
195910.000.001.001.001.500.202.00
19582-0.010.001.001.001.500.202.00
19573-0.020.001.001.001.500.192.00
19564-0.040.000.991.001.500.192.00
19555-0.050.010.990.921.380.192.00
19546-0.070.010.980.691.030.192.00
19537-0.080.010.980.550.830.192.00
19528-0.100.010.970.470.700.192.00
19519-0.120.010.970.410.610.192.00
195010-0.140.020.961.001.500.202.00
194911-0.160.020.961.001.500.212.00
194812-0.170.020.951.001.500.212.00
194713-0.190.020.941.001.500.222.00
194614-0.220.020.941.001.500.222.00
194515-0.240.030.931.001.500.232.00
194416-0.260.030.930.941.410.232.00
194317-0.280.030.920.871.320.232.00
194218-0.300.030.910.821.230.242.00
194119-0.320.040.910.771.160.242.00
194020-0.350.040.900.731.090.242.00
193921-0.370.040.890.230.340.241.39
193822-0.400.040.890.220.330.251.36
193723-0.420.050.880.220.330.251.32
193624-0.450.050.870.210.320.251.30
193525-0.470.050.870.210.320.251.27
193426-0.500.060.860.210.310.251.25
193327-0.520.060.850.200.310.251.23
193228-0.550.060.850.200.300.251.21
193129-0.580.060.840.200.300.251.19
193030-0.600.070.830.620.930.252.00
192931-0.630.070.820.600.900.252.00
192832-0.660.070.820.570.860.252.00
192733-0.690.080.810.560.840.252.00
192634-0.720.080.800.540.810.252.00
192535-0.740.080.800.520.780.252.00
192436-0.770.090.790.190.290.251.15
192337-0.800.090.780.190.280.251.14
192238-0.830.090.770.190.280.251.14
192139-0.860.100.770.180.280.241.13
192040-0.890.100.760.180.270.241.12
191941-0.920.100.750.180.270.241.12
191842-0.950.110.750.180.270.241.11
191743-0.980.110.740.180.260.241.11
191644-1.000.110.730.170.260.241.10
191545-1.030.110.720.170.260.241.10
191446-1.060.120.720.170.260.231.10
191347-1.090.120.710.170.260.231.10
191248-1.120.120.700.170.250.231.09
191149-1.150.130.700.170.250.231.09
191050-1.180.130.690.400.600.232.00
190951-1.210.130.680.390.590.232.00
190852-1.240.140.680.390.580.232.00
190753-1.270.140.670.380.570.222.00
190654-1.290.140.670.370.560.222.00
190555-1.320.150.660.370.550.222.00
190456-1.350.150.650.360.540.222.00
190357-1.380.150.650.360.530.222.00
190258-1.410.150.640.350.530.222.00
190159-1.430.160.630.340.520.212.00
190060-1.460.160.630.340.510.212.00
189961-1.490.160.620.340.500.212.00
189862-1.510.170.620.330.500.212.00
189763-1.540.170.610.330.490.212.00
189664-1.560.170.610.320.480.212.00
189565-1.590.170.600.280.420.212.00
189466-1.610.180.590.270.410.202.00
189367-1.640.180.590.270.410.202.00
189268-1.660.180.580.270.400.202.00
189169-1.690.180.580.270.400.202.00
189070-1.710.190.570.260.400.201.99
188971-1.730.190.570.260.390.201.99
188872-1.760.190.570.260.390.201.98
188773-1.780.190.560.260.390.191.98
188674-1.800.200.560.250.380.191.97
188575-1.820.200.550.250.380.191.97
188476-1.840.200.550.250.380.191.97
188377-1.860.200.540.250.370.191.96
188278-1.880.200.540.250.370.191.96
188179-1.900.200.530.240.370.191.95
188080-1.910.210.530.240.360.191.95
187981-1.930.210.530.240.360.191.95
187882-1.950.210.520.240.360.181.94
187783-1.960.210.520.240.360.181.94
187684-1.980.210.520.240.350.181.94
187585-1.990.210.510.230.350.181.93
187486-2.010.220.510.230.350.181.93
187387-2.020.220.510.230.350.181.92
187288-2.030.220.500.230.340.181.92
187189-2.050.220.500.230.340.181.92
187090-2.060.220.500.230.340.181.91
186991-2.070.220.500.220.340.181.91
186892-2.080.220.490.220.340.181.91
186793-2.090.220.490.220.330.181.90
186694-2.090.220.490.220.330.171.90
186595-2.100.220.490.220.330.171.89
186496-2.110.220.480.180.270.171.54
186397-2.120.220.480.180.270.171.54
186298-2.120.220.480.180.260.171.53
186199-2.130.220.480.180.260.171.53
1860100-2.130.220.480.170.260.171.53
1859101-2.130.220.480.170.260.171.53
1858102-2.140.220.470.170.260.171.52
1857103-2.140.220.470.170.260.171.52
1856104-2.140.220.470.170.260.171.52
1855105-2.140.220.470.170.260.171.51
1854106-2.140.220.470.170.260.171.51
1853107-2.140.220.470.170.260.171.51
1852108-2.130.220.470.170.250.171.50
1851109-2.130.220.470.170.250.171.50
1850110-2.130.220.470.170.250.171.49
1849111-2.120.220.470.170.250.171.49
1848112-2.120.220.470.170.250.171.48
1847113-2.110.220.470.170.250.171.48
1846114-2.110.220.470.170.250.171.47
1845115-2.100.210.470.170.250.171.47
1844116-2.090.210.470.160.250.171.46
1843117-2.080.210.470.160.250.171.45
1842118-2.070.210.470.160.250.171.45
1841119-2.060.210.470.160.250.171.44
1840120-2.050.210.470.160.240.171.43
1839121-2.040.210.470.160.240.171.43
1838122-2.030.200.470.160.240.171.42
1837123-2.010.200.470.160.240.171.41
1836124-2.000.200.470.140.220.171.25
1835125-1.990.200.470.140.220.171.24
1834126-1.970.200.470.140.210.171.24
1833127-1.950.190.470.140.210.171.23
1832128-1.940.190.480.140.210.181.22
1831129-1.920.190.480.140.210.181.21
1830130-1.900.190.480.140.210.181.21
1829131-1.890.190.480.140.210.181.20
1828132-1.870.180.480.140.210.181.19
1827133-1.850.180.480.140.210.181.18
1826134-1.830.180.490.140.210.181.17
1825135-1.810.180.490.140.210.181.17
1824136-1.790.170.490.340.510.182.00
1823137-1.760.170.490.340.510.182.00
1822138-1.740.170.500.330.500.182.00
1821139-1.720.170.500.330.500.182.00
1820140-1.700.160.500.330.500.192.00
1819141-1.670.160.510.330.490.192.00
1818142-1.650.160.510.320.490.192.00
1817143-1.630.150.510.320.480.192.00
1816144-1.600.150.510.320.480.192.00
1815145-1.580.150.520.320.480.192.00
1814146-1.550.150.520.310.470.192.00
1813147-1.520.140.530.310.470.192.00
1812148-1.500.140.530.310.470.202.00
1811149-1.470.140.530.310.460.202.00
1810150-1.440.130.540.310.460.202.00

Table I5. Results from calculations to find factor of safety against liquefaction (Kayen et al., 2013).

ElevzrdCSRCRR7.5CRRFSLiqComments:
For Event #1 – amax=0.3, Mw=6.2, DFW=Duration weighting factor=1.29, PL=probability of liquefaction triggering=0.15, Elev=Elevation above sea level [t], z=Depth [ft], rd=Shear stress reduction coefficient, CSR=Cyclic stress ratio for the magnitude and effective stress of interest, CRR7.5 = standardized cyclic resistance corresponding to a moment magnitude earthquake of 7.5, with 15 uniform shear stress cycles, and one atmosphere of pressure, CRR=Cyclic resistance ratio for the magnitude and effective stress of interest, FSLiq=Factor of safety against liquefaction.

See definition of variables on previous page.

See definition of variables on previous page.
19600
195911.000.191.001.292.00
195821.000.191.001.292.00
195731.000.191.001.292.00
195641.000.191.001.292.00
195551.000.191.001.292.00
195461.000.191.001.292.00
195371.000.191.001.292.00
195281.000.191.001.292.00
195191.000.191.001.292.00
1950101.000.201.001.292.00
1949111.000.211.001.292.00
1948120.990.221.001.292.00
1947130.990.231.001.292.00
1946140.990.241.001.292.00
1945150.990.241.001.292.00
1944160.990.251.001.292.00
1943170.990.251.001.292.00
1942180.990.261.001.292.00
1941190.990.261.001.292.00
1940200.990.261.001.292.00
1939210.980.270.490.632.00
1938220.980.270.470.612.00
1937230.980.280.450.582.00
1936240.980.280.440.562.00
1935250.980.280.420.541.94
1934260.970.280.410.531.86
1933270.970.290.390.511.78
1932280.970.290.380.491.72
1931290.960.290.370.481.66
1930300.960.291.001.292.00
1929310.960.291.001.292.00
1928320.950.291.001.292.00
1927330.950.291.001.292.00
1926340.940.291.001.292.00
1925350.940.291.001.292.00
1924360.930.290.380.491.67
1923370.930.290.370.471.63
1922380.920.290.360.461.59
1921390.910.290.350.451.55
1920400.910.290.340.441.52
1919410.900.290.330.431.49
1918420.890.290.330.421.47
1917430.890.290.320.411.44
1916440.880.290.310.401.42
1915450.870.280.310.401.40
1914460.860.280.300.391.38
1913470.860.280.300.381.36
1912480.850.280.290.381.34
1911490.840.280.290.371.33
1910500.840.281.001.292.00
1909510.830.271.001.292.00
1908520.820.271.001.292.00
1907530.810.271.001.292.00
1906540.810.271.001.292.00
1905550.800.271.001.292.00
1904560.800.271.001.292.00
1903570.790.271.001.292.00
1902580.780.261.001.292.00
1901590.780.261.001.292.00
1900600.770.261.001.292.00
1899610.770.261.001.292.00
1898620.760.261.001.292.00
1897630.760.261.001.292.00
1896640.760.261.001.292.00
1895650.750.260.750.962.00
1894660.750.260.730.942.00
1893670.750.260.710.922.00
1892680.740.260.700.902.00
1891690.740.260.680.892.00
1890700.740.260.670.872.00
1889710.740.260.660.852.00
1888720.740.260.640.832.00
1887730.730.260.630.822.00
1886740.730.260.620.802.00
1885750.730.250.610.792.00
1884760.730.250.600.772.00
1883770.730.250.590.762.00
1882780.730.250.580.752.00
1881790.730.250.570.742.00
1880800.730.250.560.722.00
1879810.720.250.550.712.00
1878820.720.260.540.702.00
1877830.720.260.530.692.00
1876840.720.260.520.682.00
1875850.720.260.520.672.00
1874860.720.260.510.662.00
1873870.720.260.500.652.00
1872880.720.260.490.642.00
1871890.720.260.490.632.00
1870900.720.260.480.622.00
1869910.720.260.470.612.00
1868920.720.260.470.612.00
1867930.720.260.460.602.00
1866940.720.260.460.592.00
1865950.720.260.450.582.00
1864960.720.260.280.371.43
1863970.720.260.280.361.41
1862980.720.260.280.361.40
1861990.720.260.280.361.38
18601000.720.260.270.351.37
18591010.720.260.270.351.36
18581020.720.260.270.351.34
18571030.720.260.270.341.33
18561040.720.260.260.341.32
18551050.720.260.260.341.31
18541060.720.260.260.341.29
18531070.720.260.260.331.28
18521080.720.260.260.331.27
18511090.720.260.250.331.26
18501100.720.260.250.331.25
18491110.720.260.250.321.24
18481120.720.260.250.321.23
18471130.720.260.250.321.22
18461140.720.260.240.321.21
18451150.720.260.240.311.20
18441160.720.260.240.311.19
18431170.720.260.240.311.18
18421180.720.260.240.311.17
18411190.720.260.240.301.16
18401200.720.260.230.301.15
18391210.720.260.230.301.14
18381220.720.260.230.301.14
18371230.720.260.230.301.13
18361240.720.260.180.230.87
18351250.720.260.180.230.86
18341260.720.260.170.230.86
18331270.720.260.170.220.85
18321280.720.260.170.220.85
18311290.720.260.170.220.84
18301300.720.260.170.220.84
18291310.720.260.170.220.83
18281320.720.260.170.220.83
18271330.720.270.170.220.83
18261340.720.270.170.220.82
18251350.720.270.170.220.82
18241360.720.271.001.292.00
18231370.720.271.001.292.00
18221380.720.271.001.292.00
18211390.720.271.001.292.00
18201400.720.271.001.292.00
18191410.720.271.001.292.00
18181420.720.271.001.292.00
18171430.720.271.001.292.00
18161440.720.261.001.292.00
18151450.720.260.991.282.00
18141460.720.260.981.262.00
18131470.720.260.961.252.00
18121480.720.260.951.232.00
18111490.720.260.931.212.00
18101500.720.260.921.192.00

Table I6. Results from calculations to find soil settlement (Boulanger and Idriss, 2008).

ElevzDrγlimγmaxεvδΣδComments: For Event #1 – amax=0.3, Mw=6.2, z=Depth [ft], FSα =Factor of Safety, γlim =Limiting shear strain, γmax =Maximum shear strain, εv =Volumetric strain, δ = ∆s = Incremental soil settlement [in], Σδ = s1D = Cumulative soil settlement from bottom of soil profile to top of soil profile [in].

Applicable for gravel and sand (merged FS based on Rollins et al. 2022 for gravel or Kayen et al. 2013 for sand and silt).

See definition of variables on previous page.

Applicable for gravel and sand (merged FS based on Rollins et al. 2022 for gravel or Kayen et al. 2013 for sand and silt).

See definition of variables on previous page.

Applicable for gravel and sand (merged FS based on Rollins et al. 2022 for gravel or Kayen et al. 2013 for sand and silt).
19600
19591670.488150.0000.000.002.85
19582670.488150.0000.000.002.85
19573670.488150.0000.000.002.85
19564670.488150.0000.000.002.85
19555670.488150.0000.000.002.85
19546670.488150.0000.000.002.85
19537670.488150.0000.000.002.85
19528670.488150.0000.000.002.85
19519670.488150.0000.000.002.85
19501099-1.19600.0000.000.002.85
19491199-1.19600.0000.000.002.85
19481299-1.19600.0000.000.002.85
19471399-1.19600.0000.000.002.85
19461499-1.19600.0000.000.002.85
19451599-1.19600.0000.000.002.85
19441699-1.19600.0000.000.002.85
19431799-1.19600.0000.000.002.85
19421899-1.19600.0000.000.002.85
19411999-1.19600.0000.000.002.85
19402099-1.19600.0000.000.002.85
193921460.924490.0000.000.002.85
193822460.924490.0000.000.002.85
193723460.924490.0000.000.002.85
193624460.924490.0000.000.002.85
193525460.924490.0170.010.002.85
193426460.924490.0410.020.002.85
193327460.924490.0670.030.002.85
193228460.924490.0940.040.012.84
193129460.924490.1240.060.012.84
19303094-0.85210.0000.000.002.83
19293194-0.85210.0000.000.002.83
19283294-0.85210.0000.000.002.83
19273394-0.85210.0000.000.002.83
19263494-0.85210.0000.000.002.83
19253594-0.85210.0000.000.002.83
192436420.948580.0850.040.012.83
192337420.948580.1010.050.012.82
192238420.948580.1180.060.012.82
192139420.948580.1350.070.012.81
192040420.948580.1530.080.012.80
191941420.948580.1710.090.012.79
191842420.948580.1890.100.012.78
191743420.948580.2080.110.012.77
191644420.948580.2270.120.012.76
191545420.948580.2460.130.022.74
191446420.948580.2650.140.022.73
191347420.948580.2840.150.022.71
191248420.948580.3040.160.022.69
191149420.948580.3230.170.022.67
19105084-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
19095184-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
19085284-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
19075384-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
19065484-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
19055584-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
19045684-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
19035784-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
19025884-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
19015984-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
19006084-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
18996184-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
18986284-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
18976384-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
18966484-0.25430.0000.000.002.65
189565680.454140.0000.000.002.65
189466680.454140.0000.000.002.65
189367680.454140.0000.000.002.65
189268680.454140.0000.000.002.65
189169680.454140.0020.000.002.65
189070680.454140.0080.000.002.65
188971680.454140.0150.000.002.65
188872680.454140.0210.010.002.65
188773680.454140.0270.010.002.65
188674680.454140.0330.010.002.65
188575680.454140.0380.010.002.65
188476680.454140.0440.010.002.65
188377680.454140.0490.010.002.65
188278680.454140.0540.010.002.64
188179680.454140.0590.020.002.64
188080680.454140.0640.020.002.64
187981680.454140.0680.020.002.64
187882680.454140.0730.020.002.64
187783680.454140.0780.020.002.63
187684680.454140.0830.020.002.63
187585680.454140.0880.020.002.63
187486680.454140.0930.030.002.63
187387680.454140.0980.030.002.62
187288680.454140.1030.030.002.62
187189680.454140.1080.030.002.62
187090680.454140.1130.030.002.61
186991680.454140.1190.030.002.61
186892680.454140.1250.030.002.61
186793680.454140.1310.040.002.60
186694680.454140.1370.040.002.60
186595680.454140.1430.040.002.59
186496480.906440.2420.110.012.59
186397480.906440.2440.110.012.57
186298480.906440.2450.110.012.56
186199480.906440.2470.110.012.55
1860100480.906440.2500.110.012.53
1859101480.906440.2520.110.012.52
1858102480.906440.2550.120.012.51
1857103480.906440.2580.120.012.49
1856104480.906440.2610.120.012.48
1855105480.906440.2640.120.012.47
1854106480.906440.2680.120.012.45
1853107480.906440.2720.120.012.44
1852108480.906440.2760.120.012.42
1851109480.906440.2800.130.022.41
1850110480.906440.2850.130.022.39
1849111480.906440.2910.130.022.38
1848112480.906440.2960.130.022.36
1847113480.906440.3020.140.022.34
1846114480.906440.3080.140.022.33
1845115480.906440.3150.140.022.31
1844116480.906440.3220.150.022.29
1843117480.906440.3300.150.022.28
1842118480.906440.3380.150.022.26
1841119480.906440.3460.160.022.24
1840120480.906440.3560.160.022.22
1839121480.906440.3650.170.022.20
1838122480.906440.3760.1700.0202.18
1837123480.906440.3860.170.022.16
183612437-0.952722.3251.380.172.14
183512537-0.952722.3541.400.171.98
183412637-0.952722.3831.420.171.81
183312737-0.952722.4131.440.171.64
183212837-0.952722.4451.450.171.47
183112937-0.952722.4771.470.181.29
183013037-0.952722.5111.490.181.11
182913137-0.952722.5451.510.180.93
182813237-0.952722.5811.540.180.75
182713337-0.952722.6181.560.190.57
182613437-0.952722.6551.580.190.38
182513537-0.952722.6941.600.190.19
182413686-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
182313786-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
182213886-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
182113986-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
182014086-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
181914186-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
181814286-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
181714386-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
181614486-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
181514586-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
181414686-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
181314786-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
181214886-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
181114986-0.36430.0000.000.000.00
181015086-0.36430.0000.000.000.00

Table I8. PileAXL output for the Tok River Bridge Abutment 1 piles (converted to imperial units).

DepthULS fsULS QsULS Qb∆QQRmin(Q,R)δpileComments:
ULS fs = Ultimate unit side shear (PileAXL output), ULS Qs = Ultimate total side resistance (PileAXL output), ULS Qb = Ultimate bearing resistance (PileAXL output), ∆Q =incremental side resistance (Excel calculation), Q = cumulative load in the pile (Excel calculation), R= resistance from soil surrounding pile; resistance values are calculated at the top of each sublayer (Excel calculation), min(Q,R) = minimum of Q and R for each depth (Excel calculation).

See definition of variables on previous page.
[ft][tsf][tons][tons][tons][tons][tons][tons][in]
0.000.00000.00000.00000.0000149.5000411.6266149.50001.540
2.000.03570.168410.60070.1684149.6684411.6266149.66841.531
4.000.07150.673621.20140.5052150.1736411.4583150.17361.523
6.000.08351.404031.80220.7304150.9040410.9531150.90401.514
8.000.08352.191242.40290.7872151.6912410.2227151.69121.505
10.000.08352.978453.00360.7872152.4784409.4355152.47841.496
12.000.12533.962458.83190.9840153.4624408.6482153.46241.487
14.000.12535.143364.64121.1808154.6433407.6642154.64331.478
16.000.12536.324170.45051.1808155.8241406.4834155.82411.469
18.000.12537.504976.25981.1808157.0049405.3025157.00491.460
20.000.12538.685882.06911.1808158.1858404.1217158.18581.451
22.000.167110.063469.87991.3776159.5634402.9409159.56341.441
24.000.167111.637973.68161.5744161.1379401.5632161.13791.432
26.000.167113.212377.48321.5744162.7123399.9888162.71231.423
28.000.167114.786781.28491.5745164.2867398.4143164.28671.413
30.000.188016.4596106.36201.6728165.9596396.8399165.95961.403
32.000.188018.2308111.98581.7713167.7308395.1671167.73081.394
34.000.188020.0021117.60951.7713169.5021393.3958169.50211.384
36.000.188021.7733123.23321.7712171.2733391.6245171.27331.374
37.990.250623.8398103.08552.0665173.3398389.8533173.33981.364
39.990.250626.2015107.58452.3617175.7015387.7868175.70151.353
41.990.250628.5631112.08352.3617178.0631385.4252178.06311.343
43.990.250630.9248116.58252.3617180.4248383.0635180.42481.333
45.990.250633.2865121.08152.3617182.7865380.7018182.78651.322
47.990.250635.6481125.58042.3617185.1481378.3402185.14811.311
49.990.313338.3050162.58882.6569187.8050375.9785187.80501.300
51.990.313341.2571168.04382.9521190.7571373.3216190.75711.289
53.990.313344.2092173.49882.9521193.7092370.3695193.70921.278
55.990.313347.1613178.95382.9521196.6613367.4174196.66131.266
57.990.313350.1134184.40882.9521199.6134364.4654199.61341.255
59.990.313353.0654189.86382.9521202.5654361.5133202.56541.243
61.990.313356.0175195.31882.9521205.5175358.5612205.51751.231
63.990.313358.9696200.77382.9521208.4696355.6091208.46961.219
65.990.428262.4629206.09563.4933211.9629352.6570211.96291.207
67.990.428266.4974211.29194.0345215.9974349.1637215.99741.194
69.990.428270.5319216.48824.0345220.0319345.1292220.03191.181
71.990.428274.5665221.43684.0345224.0665341.0947224.06651.168
73.990.428278.6010221.43684.0345228.1010337.0602228.10101.155
75.990.428282.6355221.43684.0345232.1355333.0257232.13551.141
77.990.428286.6700221.43684.0345236.1700328.9911236.17001.128
79.990.428290.7045221.43684.0345240.2045324.9566240.20451.114
81.990.428294.7390221.43684.0345244.2390320.9221244.23901.099
83.990.428298.7736221.43684.0345248.2736316.8876248.27361.085
85.990.4282102.8081221.43684.0345252.3081312.8531252.30811.070
87.990.4282106.8426221.43684.0345256.3426308.8186256.34261.055
89.990.4282110.8771221.43684.0345260.3771304.7840260.37711.040
91.990.4282114.9116221.43684.0345264.4116300.7495264.41161.025
93.990.4282118.9461221.43684.0345268.4461296.7150268.44611.009
95.990.4282122.9807221.43684.0345272.4807292.6805272.48070.993
97.990.5535127.6056221.43684.6249277.1056288.6460277.10560.977
99.990.5535132.8209221.43685.2153282.3209284.0210282.32090.961
101.990.5535138.0363221.43685.2153287.5363278.8057278.80570.945
103.990.5535143.2516221.43685.2153292.7516273.5903273.59030.929
105.990.5535148.4670221.43685.2153297.9670268.3750268.37500.913
107.990.5535153.6823221.43685.2153303.1823263.1596263.15960.898
109.980.5535158.8977221.43685.2154308.3977257.9443257.94430.883
111.980.5535164.1130221.43685.2153313.6130252.7289252.72890.868
113.980.5535169.3284221.43685.2153318.8284247.5136247.51360.854
115.980.5535174.5437221.43685.2153324.0437242.2982242.29820.840
117.980.5535179.7591221.43685.2153329.2591237.0829237.08290.826
119.980.5535184.9744221.43685.2153334.4744231.8675231.86750.812
121.980.5535190.1898221.43685.2153339.6898226.6522226.65220.799
123.980.5535195.4051221.43685.2153344.9051221.4368221.43680.786

Table I11. Results from TZPILE, as obtained by using PileAXL input and additional spreadsheet post-processing calculations.

zMin(Q,R)δpComments:
z=Depth [ft], Min(Q,R)=Load used to develop combination curve to identify the location of the neutral plane, δp =pile settlement.
1294.12.887
3294.02.878
5293.82.870
7293.72.861
9293.62.852
11293.62.843
13293.82.834
15294.12.825
17294.72.816
19295.52.808
21296.52.799
23297.72.790
25299.22.781
27300.92.772
29302.92.763
31305.02.753
33307.22.744
35309.62.735
37312.22.726
39315.02.716
41317.92.707
43320.72.697
45323.32.687
47325.52.678
49326.52.668
51326.52.658
53326.42.648
55327.02.638
57328.42.628
59330.52.618
61333.22.608
63336.72.598
65340.72.588
67345.32.578
69350.42.567
71355.92.557
73361.82.546
75368.12.535
77374.62.524
79381.32.512
81388.32.501
83395.52.489
85402.82.477
87410.32.465
89418.02.452
91425.72.440
93433.62.427
95441.62.414
97449.62.400
99457.62.386
101465.42.373
103473.02.358
105480.42.344
107487.42.329
109494.02.315
111500.12.300
113505.42.285
115509.82.269
117512.92.254
119514.12.238
121513.22.223
123509.92.208
125502.52.192
127491.92.177
129481.22.163
131470.42.148
133459.42.134
135448.42.121

Table J2. Parameters used to find soil settlement.

Layer Depthzσzoα1,Lα1,LILα1,Rα1,RIRΣ(I)∆σσ′zfδincΣδ
0-10.528.80.0251.4460.5000.0141.5510.5001.000347935080.0690.069
1-21.586.40.0671.2120.4930.0431.5100.5000.993345535420.0540.123
2-32.51440.0951.0120.4730.0711.4700.5000.973338735310.0460.169
3-43.5201.60.1080.8520.4430.0991.4300.5000.943328234840.0410.210
4-54.5259.20.1110.7270.4080.1261.3900.5000.908316134200.0370.247
5-65.5316.80.1090.6290.3740.1531.3510.5000.873303933560.0340.281
6-76.5374.40.1040.5520.3410.1791.3130.4990.840292532990.0310.313
7-87.54320.0980.4900.3120.2051.2750.4990.811282232540.0290.342
8-98.5489.60.0920.4400.2860.2301.2390.4980.785273132200.0270.369
9-109.5547.20.0860.3990.2640.2531.2030.4980.762265031970.0250.395
10-1110.5604.80.0800.3640.2440.2761.1680.4970.741257931840.0240.419
11-1211.5662.40.0750.3350.2270.2981.1340.4960.723251631780.0230.441
12-1312.57200.0710.3100.2110.3191.1010.4950.707245931790.0210.463
13-1413.5777.60.0670.2880.1980.3391.0700.4940.692240931860.0200.483
14-1514.5835.20.0630.2690.1860.3581.0390.4930.679236331980.0190.502
15-1615.5892.80.0590.2530.1750.3761.0090.4920.667232132140.0180.521
16-1716.5950.40.0560.2380.1650.3930.9810.4900.656228232330.0180.538
17-1817.510080.0540.2250.1570.4090.9530.4890.646224732550.0170.555
18-1918.51065.60.0510.2130.1490.4240.9270.4870.636221432800.0160.572
19-2019.51123.20.0490.2020.1420.4380.9020.4850.627218333060.0160.587
20-2120.51180.80.0470.1930.1350.4510.8770.4840.619215433350.0150.602
21-2221.51238.40.0450.1840.1290.4630.8540.4820.611212633650.0140.617
22-2322.512960.0430.1760.1240.4740.8310.4800.604210033960.0140.630
23-2423.51353.60.0410.1690.1190.4840.8090.4770.596207534290.0130.644
24-2524.51411.20.0390.1620.1140.4940.7880.4750.589205134630.0130.657
25-2625.51468.80.0380.1560.1100.5030.7680.4730.583202834970.0130.669
26-2726.51526.40.0370.1500.1060.5110.7490.4700.576200635320.0120.681
27-2827.515940.0350.1440.1020.5190.7310.4680.570198535790.0120.693
28-2928.51661.60.0340.1390.0990.5260.7130.4650.564196436250.0110.704
29-3029.51729.20.0330.1350.0960.5320.6960.4630.558194336730.0110.715
30-3130.51796.80.0320.1300.0930.5380.6800.4600.553192437200.0110.726
31-3231.51864.40.0310.1260.0900.5430.6640.4580.547190437690.0100.736
32-3332.519320.0300.1220.0870.5470.6490.4550.542188538170.0100.746
33-3433.51999.60.0290.1190.0840.5510.6340.4520.537186738670.0100.755
34-3534.52067.20.0280.1150.0820.5550.6200.4490.531184939160.0090.764
35-3635.52134.80.0280.1120.0800.5580.6070.4460.526183139660.0090.773
36-3736.52202.40.0270.1090.0780.5610.5940.4440.521181440160.0090.782
37-3837.522700.0260.1060.0760.5630.5820.4410.516179740670.0080.790
38-3938.52337.60.0260.1040.0740.5650.5690.4380.511178041170.0080.799
39-4039.52405.20.0250.1010.0720.5670.5580.4350.507176341690.0080.807
40-4140.52472.80.0240.0980.0700.5680.5470.4320.502174742200.0080.814
41-4241.52540.40.0240.0960.0680.5690.5360.4290.497173142710.0070.822
42-4342.526080.0230.0940.0670.5700.5260.4260.493171543230.0070.829
43-4443.52675.60.0230.0920.0650.5710.5160.4230.488170043750.0070.836
44-4544.52743.20.0220.0900.0640.5710.5060.4200.484168444270.0070.843
45-4645.52810.80.0220.0880.0630.5710.4960.4170.480166944800.0070.850
46-4746.52878.40.0210.0860.0610.5710.4870.4140.475165445330.0070.856
47-4847.529460.0210.0840.0600.5700.4790.4110.471163945850.0060.863
48-4948.53018.60.0200.0820.0590.5700.4700.4080.467162546430.0060.869
49-5049.53091.20.0200.0810.0580.5690.4620.4050.463161047020.0060.875
50-5150.53163.80.0200.0790.0560.5680.4540.4020.459159647600.0060.881
51-5251.53236.40.0190.0780.0550.5670.4460.3990.455158248190.0060.887
z=layer midpoint depth [ft], σ′z=vertical effective stress [psf], α1 and α2=angles [radians] from Figure J3, I=influence factor, ∆σ=change in stress [psf], δinc=settlement of sublayer [ft], Σδ (from bottom to top) = soil settlement profile (Figure J2). L=left, R=right, o=initial, f=final.

Table J3. PileAXL output for the MN 74551 bridge abutment piles.

DepthULS fsULS QsULS Qb∆QQRmin(Q,R)δpileComments:
ULS fs = Ultimate unit side resistance (PileAXL output), ULS Qs = Ultimate total side resistance (PileAXL output), ULS Qb = Ultimate bearing resistance (PileAXL output), ∆Q = discretized side resistance (Excel calculation), Q = cumulative load in the pile (Excel calculation), R= resistance from soil surrounding pile; resistance values are calculated at the top of each sublayer (Excel calculation), min(Q,R) = minimum of Q and R for each depth (Excel calculation), δpile=Settlement of pile obtained by determining the pile head movement from the PileAXL load-settlement curve (Figure J13) and the elastic compression.
[ft][tsf][tons][tons][tons][tons][tons][tons][in]
0.0000.7000.0000.3610.3280.00089.0990.0000.441
1.0001.0670.3280.3610.4340.32888.7700.3280.441
2.0001.2690.7620.3610.4970.76288.3360.7620.441
3.0001.4041.2590.3610.5411.25987.8401.2590.441
4.0001.5091.8010.3610.5771.80187.2981.8010.441
5.0001.5962.3780.3610.6072.37886.7212.3780.441
6.0001.6702.9840.3610.6332.98486.1142.9840.441
7.0001.7363.6170.3610.6563.61785.4813.6170.441
8.0001.7954.2730.3610.6774.27384.8254.2730.441
9.0001.8484.9500.3610.6964.95084.1494.9500.441
10.0001.8985.6460.3610.7145.64683.4525.6460.441
11.0001.9436.3600.3610.7306.36082.7396.3600.441
12.0001.9867.0900.3610.7467.09082.0097.0900.441
13.0002.0267.8360.3610.7647.83681.2637.8360.441
14.0002.0838.6000.3610.7888.60080.4998.6000.441
15.0002.1579.3870.3610.8159.38779.7119.3870.441
16.0002.22710.2020.3610.84010.20278.89710.2020.441
17.0002.29611.0420.3610.86611.04278.05611.0420.441
18.0002.36211.9080.3610.89011.90877.19111.9080.441
19.0002.42712.7980.3610.91412.79876.30112.7980.441
20.0012.49013.7120.3610.93713.71275.38713.7120.441
21.0012.55214.6490.3610.95914.64974.45014.6490.441
22.0012.61215.6080.3610.98215.60873.49115.6080.441
23.0012.67116.5900.3611.00316.59072.50916.5900.440
24.0012.72817.5930.3611.02417.59371.50617.5930.440
25.0012.78418.6170.3611.04518.61770.48218.6170.440
26.0012.83919.6620.3611.07419.66269.43719.6620.440
27.0012.94120.7360.3711.12020.73668.36320.7360.440
28.0013.08521.8550.3921.17321.85567.24421.8550.440
29.0013.22923.0280.4121.22723.02866.07023.0280.440
30.0013.37324.2550.4321.28024.25564.84424.2550.440
31.0013.51625.5350.4521.33325.53563.56425.5350.439
32.0013.66026.8690.4731.38726.86962.23026.8690.439
33.0013.80428.2550.4931.44028.25560.84328.2550.439
34.0013.94729.6960.5131.49429.69659.40329.6960.439
35.0014.09131.1890.5331.54731.18957.91031.1890.439
36.0014.23532.7360.5541.60032.73656.36232.7360.439
37.0014.37834.3370.5741.65434.33754.76234.3370.438
38.0014.52235.9900.5941.70735.99053.10835.9900.438
39.0014.66537.6980.6141.76037.69851.40137.6980.438
40.0014.80939.4580.6351.81439.45849.64139.4580.438
41.0014.95241.2720.6551.86741.27247.82741.2720.438
42.0015.09643.1390.6751.92043.13945.96043.1390.437
43.0015.23945.0590.6951.97445.05944.04044.0400.437
44.0015.38347.0330.7162.02747.03342.06642.0660.437
45.0015.52649.0600.7362.08049.06040.03940.0390.437
46.0015.66951.1400.7562.13451.14037.95937.9590.436
47.0015.81353.2730.7762.33853.27335.82535.8250.436
48.0016.77255.6121.0292.83755.61233.48733.4870.436
49.0018.49458.4481.5253.53958.44830.65130.6510.436
50.00110.55561.9882.0214.28761.98827.11127.1110.436
51.00112.51666.2742.51810.17466.27422.82422.8240.435
52.00142.23976.44812.65076.44812.65012.6500.435
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Page 269
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Page 270
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Page 271
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Page 272
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Page 273
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Page 274
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Page 275
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Page 276
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Page 277
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Page 278
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Page 279
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Page 280
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
Page 281
Suggested Citation: "Appendix J: Design Example 8 - Embankment Over Clay Over Rock Using PileAXL." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Pile Design for Downdrag: Examples and Supporting Materials. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27864.
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