Crash Modification Factors for Automated Traffic Signal Performance Measures (2026)
Chapter: Abbreviations and Acronyms
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Suggested Citation:
"Abbreviations and Acronyms." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Crash Modification Factors for Automated Traffic Signal Performance Measures. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29358.
Abbreviations and Acronyms
The table below provides a glossary of abbreviations used in this report.
| Abbreviation | Meaning |
| AADT | Annual average daily traffic |
| AAHT | Annual average hourly traffic |
| AASHTO | American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials |
| AF | Adjustment factor |
| AoG | Arrivals on green |
| ATSC | Adaptive traffic signal control |
| ATSPM | Automated traffic signal performance measures |
| BCA | Benefit cost analysis |
| CD | Crash database |
| CMF | Crash modification factor |
| CPM | Crash prediction model |
| CRF | Crash reduction factor |
| CTE | Committee on Traffic Engineering |
| DOT | Department of Transportation |
| EVY | Intersection entry volume during the yellow interval |
| FHWA | Federal Highway Administration |
| FI | Fatal-and-injury |
| FYA | Flashing yellow arrow |
| GDOT | Georgia Department of Transportation |
| GEARS | Georgia electronic accident reporting system |
| GT | Percent green proportion |
| HCM | Highway Capacity Manual |
| HSD | Highway safety database |
| HSM | Highway Safety Manual |
| LPI | Leading pedestrian interval |
| LOTTR | Level of travel time reliability |
| LT | Left-turn-with-opposing-through-vehicles |
| MVM | Million vehicle miles |
| NOVA | Northern Virginia |
| PCF | Proportion of cycles with through phase split failure |
| PDO | Property damage only |
| PGG | Proportion of through green interval with long gaps |
| POG | Percent arrivals on green |
| PR | Platoon ratio |
| PVG | Proportion of approach volume entering during the through green interval |
| PVR | Proportion of approach volume entering during the through red interval |
| PVY | Proportion of approach volume entering during the through yellow interval |
| RLR | Red light running |
| SFF | Split failure frequency |
| SPF | Safety performance functions |
| TMC | Turning movement count |
| UDOT | Utah Department of Transportation |
| QALY | Quality adjusted life years |
| VDOT | Virginia Department of Transportation |
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