Clean Ships, Clean Ports, Clean Oceans: Controlling Garbage and Plastic Wastes at Sea (1995)
Chapter: Intelligence
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Hazard Evolution Model |
Breakdown in Compliance |
Discharge of Garbage into Sea |
Exposure to Discharged Garbage |
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Intervention Model |
Prevent Breakdown in Compliance |
Block Discharge of Garbage into Sea |
Block Exposure to Discharged Garbage |
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Government or Private Regulation and Enforcement |
Enforce and publicize enforcement of ban on plastics discharges. Make penalties larger than the gains achieved through violations. Require reporting of gear losses. |
Require vessel operators to educate crews about discharge restrictions and compliance strategies. Incorporate Annex V compliance provisions into fisheries management criteria and international agreements. Train on-board fisheries observers to recognize Annex V violations and instruct fishermen in compliance. |
Create incentives and remove disincentives for returning to shore any debris recovered in nets or other gear. |
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Economic (Market Forces) |
Require deposits on nets and lines to encourage return of gear after use or recovery. Offer small ports financial aid to provide reception facilities. |
Retrieve fishing lines. Require deposits on lines or offer rebates for returned (used) lines. Encourage waste exchanges. |
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fishing gear to shore include requiring deposits on nets and lines and promoting recycling of fishing gear.
Cargo Ships and Their Itinerary Ports
Intelligence
Although cargo vessels are boarded routinely by inspectors from the Coast Guard and APHIS, few overall data are available concerning garbage handling practices in this sector. Record keeping can be expected to improve for U.S.-flag cargo ships as a result of the Coast Guard requirements for garbage logs.
