References

Boyle, D. (2018). TCRP Synthesis 136: Contracting Fixed-Route Bus Transit Service. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.17226/25102.

Center for Urban Transportation Research (CUTR). (2002). Research and Evaluation for Privatization of LYNX Fixed-Route Services. University of South Florida, Tampa, FL. https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/cutr_reports/433/.

City of Tucson Transit System Management Services. (2019). Contract No. 181849. Amendment No. 2. Tucson, AZ.

Committee for a Study of Contracting Out Transit Services. (2001). Special Report 258: Contracting for Bus and Demand-Responsive Transit Services: A Survey of U.S. Practice and Experience. TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC. https://www.trb.org/Publications/Blurbs/152247.aspx

Davis, L.J., and L.S. Reich, National Center for Transit Research (NCTR). (2013). Analysis of Transit Contracting Models and Proper Incentives for Long-Term Success, Report No. CUTR-NCTR-RR-2013-11. Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of South Florida. https://doi.org/10.5038/CUTR-NCTR-RR-2013-11.

ECAT. (2022). Escambia County Area Transit. http://goecat.com/.

Federal Transit Administration (FTA). (2021). National Transit Database (NTD) 2021 Policy Manual. https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/2021-12/2021-NTD-Full-Reporting-Policy-Manual_1-1.pdf.

Federal Transit Administration (FTA). (2020a). NTD Transit Agency Profiles, City of Tucson. https://www.transit.dot.gov/ntd/transit-agency-profiles/city-tucson.

Federal Transit Administration (FTA). (2020b). NTD Transit Agency Profiles, County of Nassau. https://www.transit.dot.gov/ntd/transit-agency-profiles/county-nassau.

Federal Transit Administration (FTA). (2020c). NTD Transit Agency Profiles, Escambia County Board of County Commissioners. https://www.transit.dot.gov/ntd/transit-agency-profiles/escambia-county-board-county-commissioners-fl.

Federal Transit Administration (FTA). (2020d). NTD Transit Agency Profiles, MetroWest Regional Transit Authority. https://www.transit.dot.gov/ntd/transit-agency-profiles/metrowest-regional-transit-authority.

Federal Transit Administration (FTA). (2020e). NTD Transit Agency Profiles, San Diego Metropolitan Transit System. https://www.transit.dot.gov/ntd/transit-agency-profiles/san-diego-metropolitan-transit-system.

Feigenbaum, B., and J. Hillman. (2020). Contracting Mass Transit Services, Reason Foundation Policy Brief. https://reason.org/wp-content/uploads/contracting-mass-transit-services.pdf.

Frick, K.T., B. Taylor, and M. Wachs. (2008). Contracting for Public Transit Services: Evaluating the Tradeoffs. California Policy Research Center, University of California Transportation Center, and the Center for Labor and Employment, Berkeley, California. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3v9449jg.

International Association of Public Transport (UITP). (2021). Contracting in Transit. The Value and Benefits of Private Contracting in North America and Internationally to Meet Passenger Needs. https://www.uitp.org/publications/contracting-in-transit/.

Iseki, H. (2010). Effects of Contracting on Cost Efficiency in US Fixed-Route Bus Transit Service. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Vol. 44, No. 7, pp. 457–472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2010.03.003.

Iseki, H. (2008). Economies of Scale in Bus Transit Service in the USA: How Does Cost Efficiency Vary by Agency Size and Level of Contracting? Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Vol. 42, No. 8, pp. 1086–1097. https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/transa/v42y2008i8p1086-1097.html.

Jansson, K., and R. Pyddoke. (2010). Quality Incentives and Quality Outcomes in Procured Public Transport – Case Study Stockholm. Research in Transportation Economics, Vol. 29, pp. 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2010.07.004.

Lotshaw, S., P. Lewis, D. Bragdon, and Z. Accuardi. (2017). A Bid for Better Transit, Improving Service with Contracted Operations. Transit Center, Eno Center for Transportation. https://www.enotrans.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/A-Bid-For-Better-Transit.pdf.

Mendez, J., and J. R. Brown. (2017). Planning Approaches in Contracted Fixed-Route Bus Transit Service. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2651, pp. 52–59. https://doi.org/10.3141/2651-06.

MWRTA. (2022). TCRP Synthesis 136: Contracting Fixed-Route Bus Transit Service. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Washington, DC. https://www.trb.org/Publications/Blurbs/177508.aspx.

MWRTA. (2021). System Map. https://www.mwrta.com/application/files/3116/4936/0624/MWRTA_System_Map_8_2021.pdf.

National Transit Database (NTD). (2020). 2020 NTD Data. Federal Transit Administration, Washington, DC. https://www.transit.dot.gov/ntd/ntd-data.

NICE Bus. (2022). NICE Mini Is the Fast, Convenient, Affordable Way To Travel Nassau’s South Shore! https://www.nicebus.com/Passenger-Information/NiceLink.

Reich, S., and J. Davis. (2011). Analysis of Contracting for Fixed Route Bus Service. Prepared for the Florida Department of Transportation by the National Center for Transit Research. https://www.nctr.usf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/77923.pdf.

San Diego MTS. (2022). About MTS. https://www.sdmts.com/about/about-mts.

Sheng, D., and Q. Meng. (2020). Public Bus Service Contracting: A Critical Review and Future Research Opportunities. Research in Transportation Economics, Vol. 83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2020.100938.

Sheng, D., Q. Meng, and Z.C. Li. (2021). Optimal Quality Incentive Scheme Design in Contracting Out Public Bus Services. Transportation Research Part C, Vol. 133, pp. 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2021.103427.

Songju, K. (2005). The Effects of Fixed-Route Transit Service Contracting on Labor. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.

Sun Tran. (2022a). About. https://www.suntran.com/about/.

Sun Tran. (2022b). Monthly Operations Report. https://www.suntran.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/APR_2022_MOR_final.pdf.

Sun Tran. (2022c). Routes & Services. https://www.suntran.com/routes-services/.

United States Government Accountability Office (GAO). (2013). Transit Agencies’ Use of Contracting to Provide Service. Report to Congressional Committees, GAO-13-782. https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-13-782.

Watson, L., and S. Freeman. (2019). Outsourcing in a Rapidly Changing Transportation Industry. BusRide. https://busride.com/outsourcing-in-a-rapidly-changing-transportation-industry/.