First Name
Last Name
Email (required)
I agree to receive emails from the National Academies (required)

We respect your privacy and will never share your information.

Search this publication

Front Matter i-xviii
Summary 1-14
1 Introduction 15-30
2 Status of Women in Academic Science and Engineering in 2004 and 2005 31-38
3 Gender Differences in Academic Hiring 39-69
4 Professional Activities, Institutional Resources, Climate, and Outcomes 70-115
5 Gender Differences in Tenure and Promotion 116-152
6 Key Findings and Recommendations 153-168
Appendixes 169-170
Appendix 1-1: Biographical Information on Committee Members 171-177
Appendix 1-2: List of Research I Institutions 178-178
Appendix 1-3: Committee Meeting Agenda 179-180
Appendix 1-4: The Surveys 181-188
Appendix 1-5: Survey Instruments 189-215
Appendix 1-6: Departments in Survey 216-248
Appendix 2-1: Review of Literature and Relevant Research 249-266
Appendix 2-2: Previous Research on Factors Contributing to Gender Differences Among Faculty 267-274
Appendix 3-1: Review of Literature and Research on Factors Associated with a Higher Proportion of Female Applicants 275-283
Appendix 3-2: Estimated Adjusted Mean Effects and Differences for the Probability That There Are No Female Applicants 284-284
Appendix 3-3: Estimated Adjusted Mean Effects and Differences Based on the Modeled Probability of the Percentage of Applicants That Are Female 285-286
Appendix 3-4: Estimated Adjusted Mean Effects and Differences Based on the Modeled Probability of at Least One Female Candidate Interviewed 287-288
Appendix 3-5: Doctoral Degrees Awarded by All Doctoral-Granting Institutions, by Field, Gender, and Year 289-289
Appendix 3-6: Doctoral Degrees Awarded by Discipline and Gender for Research I Institutions, 1999-2003 290-290
Appendix 3-7: Marginal Mean and Variance of Transformed Response Variables 291-294
Appendix 3-8: Main Considerations for Taking a Position by Number of Respondents Saying "Yes" 295-295
Appendix 4-1: Distribution of Undergraduate Course Load for Faculty by Gender and Discipline 296-297
Appendix 4-2: Percentage of Faculty Members Who Do No Graduate Teaching 298-298
Appendix 4-3: Percentage of Faculty Members Receiving a Reduced Teaching Load When Hired 299-299
Appendix 4-4: Percentage of Faculty Members Who Served on an Undergraduate Thesis or Honors Committee 300-300
Appendix 4-5: Percentage of Faculty Members Who Served on and Chaired an Undergraduate Thesis or Honors Committee 301-301
Appendix 4-6: Distribution of Number of Graduate Thesis or Honors Committees for Research I Tenure and Tenure-Track Faculty: Men/Women 302-302
Appendix 4-7: Percentage of Time Spent in Administration or Committee Work on Campus and Service to the Profession Outside the University for Tenured and Tenure-Track Faculty at Research I Institutions: Men/Women 303-303
Appendix 4-8: Distribution of Number of Service Committees for Research I Tenure and Tenure-Track Faculty: Men/Women 304-304
Appendix 4-9: Mean Salary by Gender and Professorial Rank for Tenure and Tenure-Track Faculty in Research I Institutions 305-305
Appendix 4-10: Percentage of Tenured and Tenure-Track Faculty in Research I Institutions Receiving Summer Support 306-306
Appendix 4-11: Percentage of Tenured and Tenure-Track Faculty in Research I Institutions Receiving Travel Funds 307-307
Appendix 4-12: Median Square Footage of Lab Space of Faculty Who Report Doing Experimental Work 308-308
Appendix 4-13: Faculty Who Have Received More Lab Space Since Hire (Values Are Percentages) 309-309
Appendix 4-14: Percentage of Tenured and Tenure-Track Faculty in Research I Institutions Receiving Sufficient Equipment 310-310
Appendix 4-15: Number of Postdoctorate Students for Tenured and Tenure-Track Faculty in Research I Institutions (presented by Men and Women) 311-311
Appendix 4-16: Percentage of Tenured and Tenure-Track Faculty in Research I Institutions Receiving Sufficient Clerical Support 312-312
Appendix 4-17: Percentage of Faculty Members Stating That They Had a Mentor 313-313
Appendix 4-18: Distribution of the Number of Graduate Students for Tenured and Tenure-Track Faculty in Research I Institutions (presented by Men and Women) 314-314
Appendix 4-19: Mean Number of Articles Published in Refereed Journals (sole and co-authored) Over the Past 3 Years for Tenured and Tenure-Track Faculty in Research I Institutions 315-315
Appendix 4-20a: Estimated Probability of Having Grant Funding by Discipline, Gender, and Whether the Faculty Member Has an Assigned Mentor - Assistant Professors Only 316-316
Appendix 4-20b: Estimated Probability of Having Grant Funding by Discipline, Gender, and Whether the Faculty Member Has an Assigned Mentor - Associate Professors Only 317-317
Appendix 4-21: Percentage of Faculty Missing Salary Data by Gender and Discipline 318-318
Appendix 4-22: Percentage of Tenured and Tenure-Track Faculty at Research I Institutions That Were Nominated for at Least One Award 319-319
Appendix 4-23: Percentage of Tenured and Tenure-Track Research I Faculty with Offers to Leave 320-320
Appendix 4-24: Percentage of Tenured and Tenure-Track Faculty at Research I Institutions Planning to Leave or Retire 321-321
Appendix 5-1: Knowledge of Tenure Procedures by Gender, Rank, and Presence of a Mentor 322-323
Appendix 5-2: Detailed Tenure Information from Departmental Survey 324-324
Appendix 5-3: Time Spent in Both Assistant and Associate Professorships 325-325
Appendix 5-4: Years Between Starting Employment and Achieving Associate Professor Status, by Gender 326-326
Appendix 5-5: Years Between Starting Employment and Achieving Full Professor Status, by Gender 327-327
Appendix 5-6: Patterns of Nonresponse for Tenure Decisions 328-328
Appendix 5-7: Patterns of Nonresponse for Promotion Decisions 329-329
Bibliography 330-352
Index 353-366

Log In

Former MyNAP users: You'll need to reset your password on your first login to MyAcademies. Click "Forgot password" below to receive a reset link via email. Having trouble? Visit our FAQ page to contact support.

Members of the National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, or National Academy of Medicine should log in through their respective Academy portals.

Email (required)
Password (required)

Don't have an account?

Register

Email (required)
New password (required)
Retype password (required) Password must be at least 8 characters
I agree to receive emails from the National Academies
I accept the terms of use
terms of use

Thank You

Thank you for creating a MyAcademies account!

Enjoy free access to thousands of National Academies' publications, a 10% discount off every purchase, and build your personal library.

Forgot Password

Enter the email address for your MyAcademies (formerly MyNAP) account to receive password reset instructions.

Email (required)

Reset Requested

We sent password reset instructions to your email . Follow the link in that email to create a new password. Didn't receive it? Check your spam folder or contact us for assistance.

Reset Password

New password (required)
Retype password (required) Password must be at least 8 characters

Reset Password

Your password has been reset.

Verify email

Verify Your Email Address

We sent a verification link to your email. Please check your inbox (and spam folder) and follow the link to verify your email address. If you did not receive the email, you can request a new verification link below

Discipline	Men	Women
Chemistry	42.0 (100)	37.5 (96)
Mathematics	63.4 (82)	56.0 (116)
Electrical engineering	55.3 (94)	48.9 (90)
Physics	55.9 (68)	44.6 (83)
Civil engineering	35.1 (97)	22.3 (112)
NOTE: Numbers in parentheses are the total number of respondents in each category. SOURCE: Survey of faculty conducted by the Committee on Gender Differences in Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty.

Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty (2010)

Chapter: Appendix 4-2: Percentage of Faculty Members Who Do No Graduate Teaching

Appendix 4-2
Percentage of Faculty Members Who Do No Graduate Teaching

My Academies

Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty (2010)

Chapter: Appendix 4-2: Percentage of Faculty Members Who Do No Graduate Teaching

Appendix 4-2 Percentage of Faculty Members Who Do No Graduate Teaching

Appendix 4-2
Percentage of Faculty Members Who Do No Graduate Teaching