Artificial Intelligence), and past chairman of the Bioengineering Department at Stanford University. Altman’s research applies computing (informatics, data science, and artificial intelligence) to problems relevant to medicine. He is interested in methods for understanding drug action, efficacy, and adverse effects while integrating molecular, cellular, organism, and population data. His lab has a special focus on how human genetic variation impacts drug response, or pharmacogenomics. He is the founding principal investigator of the Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase (PharmGKB.org). Altman helps lead an FDA-supported Center of Excellence in Regulatory Science & Innovation and is an associate director of the Stanford Institute for HAI. Altman holds an A.B. from Harvard College, an M.D. from Stanford Medical School, and a Ph.D. in Medical Information Sciences from Stanford. He received the U.S. Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers and a National Science Foundation CAREER Award. He is a fellow of the American College of Physicians (ACP), the American College of Medical Informatics (ACMI), the American Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE), and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). He is a member of the National Academy of Medicine. He is a past-president, founding board member, and a fellow of the International Society for Computational Biology (ISCB), and a past-president of the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (ASCPT). He has chaired the Science Board advising the FDA commissioner, served on the NIH Director’s Advisory Committee, and co-chaired the Institute of Medicine’s Drug Forum. He is an organizer of the annual Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing, and a founder of Personalis. Altman is board certified in Internal Medicine and in Clinical Informatics. He directed the Stanford Biomedical Informatics training program from 2000–2018 and currently directs the undergraduate major in Biomedical Computation. Altman received the Stanford Medical School graduate teaching awards in 2000 and 2020 and its mentorship award in 2014. He received the Stanford Alumni Association Kornberg-Berg Lifetime Achievement Award in 2023. He is the founding editor of the Annual Reviews of Biomedical Data Science, and hosts a podcast titled The Future of Everything.

David G. Campbell is a Senior U.S. District Judge for the District of Arizona, having served on the court since 2003. Campbell currently chairs the U.S. Courts’ Committee on International Judicial Relations. He previously chaired the U.S. Committee on Rules of Practice and Procedure, which oversees the work of the five Advisory Committees on the Federal Rules of Civil, Criminal, Bankruptcy, and Appellate Procedure and the Federal Rules of Evidence. He also chaired the Advisory Committee on the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure from 2011 to 2015 and served as a member of the committee from 2005 to 2011. Campbell is a member of the American Law Institute and a fellow of the American Bar Foundation. He has travelled to Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, Turkey, Gambia, Slovakia, South Korea, Bulgaria, the Philippines, and other countries on judicial case

management and rule-of-law projects and has taught civil procedure and constitutional law at the Arizona State and Brigham Young University Law Schools. Following his graduation from the University of Utah Law School, he served as a law clerk for Justice William H. Rehnquist of the U.S. Supreme Court and Judge J. Clifford Wallace of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Campbell worked as a commercial litigator with the Phoenix, Arizona, law firm of Osborn Maledon before becoming a judge.

Alicia L. Carriquiry is a Distinguished Professor of Liberal Arts and Sciences and the President’s Professor of Statistics at Iowa State University. She researches applications of statistics in human nutrition, bioinformatics, forensic sciences, and traffic safety. Carriquiry has published more than 160 peer-reviewed articles in corresponding academic journals.

Carriquiry is the lead investigator for the Center for Statistics and Applications in Forensic Evidence (CSAFE) program, providing scientific oversight and research expertise. Along with Drs. Hal S. Stern and Michael Daniels, she was among the first to question the probative value of bullet lead analysis. A 2000 report to the Federal Bureau of Investigation that suggested the probability of a coincidental match might not be negligible led to the establishment of a National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (National Academies) committee to explore the issue. Carriquiry subsequently served as a member of the National Academies’ Committee on Assessing the Feasibility, Accuracy, and Technical Capability of a National Ballistics Database. Overall, Carriquiry has chaired or participated in over 15 National Academies boards, panels and committees and is currently a statistics editor for the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Carriquiry has spoken at many national and international conferences in statistics, forensic science, and nutrition and has been invited to deliver multiple named lectures and seminars. She has served on several subcommittees in the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) Organization of Scientific Area Committees for Forensic Science (OSAC) and is a member of the U.S. Technical Advisory Group to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Committee on Forensic Science. Carriquiry was elected to the National Academy of Medicine in 2016 and to the American Academy of Forensic Sciences in 2023. She is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Statistical Association, the Institute of Mathematical Statistics, the International Society for Bayesian Analysis, and the International Statistical Institute. She was recently elected fellow of the Hagler Institute for Advanced Studies at Texas A&M University. Carriquiry received an M.S. in animal science from the University of Illinois, and an M.S. and a Ph.D. in statistics and animal genetics from Iowa State University.

Lynn R. Goldman, a pediatrician and an epidemiologist, is the Michael and Lori Milken Dean and Professor of Environmental and Occupational Health at the

Milken Institute School of Public Health at the George Washington University. She was previously a professor of environmental health sciences at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; an assistant administrator for toxic substances at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, where she directed the Office of Chemical Safety and Prevention; and the chief of the Division of Environmental and Occupational Disease Control at the California Department of Public Health. Goldman completed a B.S. and M.S. from the University of California, Berkeley, an M.D. from the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF); an M.P.H. from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; and pediatric residency at the UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital in Oakland.

Goldman is a member of the National Academy of Medicine (NAM). She serves as a trustee of the Environmental Defense Fund; a member of the National Academy of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine’s Environmental Health Matters Initiative; a member of the American Academy of Pediatrics Council on Environmental Health Executive Committee; cochair of the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health Climate Change and Health Task Force; and a member of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Committee on Managed Retreat in the U.S. Gulf Coast Region.

Brian W. Kernighan is the William O. Baker ‘39 Professor in Computer Science at Princeton University. He received his B.A.Sc. in engineering physics at the University of Toronto in 1964 and his Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Princeton in 1969. Kernighan was a member of technical staff and department head in the Computing Science Research Center at Bell Laboratories from 1969 until 2000 and was named a Bell Labs fellow in 1990. He joined the Princeton Department of Computer Science in 2000. Kernighan is a co-creator of several programming languages, including AWK and AMPL, and of a number of tools for document preparation. He holds five patents, and is a co-founder of AMPL Optimization Inc. Kernighan’s research areas include programming languages, tools, and interfaces that make computers easier to use, often for non-specialist users. He is the co-author of a number of widely used computer science books, including The C Programming Language (with Dennis Ritchie) and The Unix Programming Environment (with Rob Pike). He has also written books on technology for non-technical audiences: Understanding the Digital World; Millions, Billions, Zillions: Defending Yourself in a World of Too Many Numbers; and Unix: A History and a Memoir. Kernighan is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and the American Association of Arts and Sciences.

Pramod P. Khargonekar, Ph.D., is Vice Chancellor for Research and Distinguished Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of California, Irvine. His research and teaching interests are centered on confluence of machine learning and control; advanced manufacturing; energy

system decarbonization; climate change mitigation, adaptation, and resilience; and societal impacts of technology. Previously, after serving briefly as Deputy Director of Technology at the Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy in 2012–13, Khargonekar served, until June 2016, as the head of the Directorate of Engineering at the National Science Foundation. From 2001 to 2009, he was Dean of the College of Engineering at the University of Florida and was the Eckis Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the university until 2016. Khargonekar was chair of the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Michigan from 1997 to 2001, where he also held the position of Claude E. Shannon Professor of Engineering Science. At the University of Michigan, he received the Claude Shannon Chair and Arthur F. Thurnau Professorship. Khargonekar has been recognized as a Web of Science Highly Cited Researcher. He is a recipient of the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Control Systems Award, IEEE Control Systems Society Bode Lecture Prize, National Science Foundation Presidential Young Investigator Award, the American Automatic Control Council’s Donald Eckman Award, the Japan Society for Promotion of Science fellowship, World Automation Congress Honor, the IEEE W. R. G. Baker Prize Award, the IEEE CSS George Axelby Best Paper Award, the Hugo Schuck American Control Conference (ACC) Best Paper Award, and distinguished alumnus and distinguished service awards from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. Khargonekar is an inaugural member of the Hall of Fame, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, and a fellow of IEEE, the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC), and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Goodwin Liu is an Associate Justice of the California Supreme Court. He was nominated by Governor Jerry Brown and sworn into office in 2011 and retained by the electorate in 2014 and 2022. Before joining the state’s highest court, Liu was Professor of Law and Associate Dean at the University of California, Berkeley School of Law. His areas of expertise span constitutional law, education law and policy, and diversity in the legal profession. Liu is an elected member and chair of the board of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. He is also an elected member of the American Law Institute and American Philosophical Society, in addition to having served of the board of numerous service organizations and academic institutions. The son of Taiwanese immigrants, Liu grew up in Sacramento and earned a bachelor’s degree in biology from Stanford University, master’s degrees in philosophy and physiology from Oxford University on a Rhodes Scholarship, and J.D. from Yale Law School. He clerked for Judge David S. Tatel on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and for Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg on the U.S. Supreme Court. His accomplished career also includes practicing at O’Melveny & Myers, serving in the U.S. Department of Education, and helping launch the AmeriCorps national service program.

and Law. She has served as the study director on more than 20 National Academies reports on topics ranging from science and national security to governance of academic research and emerging technologies to voting technologies to science and the courts. Mazza was the senior staff director for three international summits on human genome editing and has served as senior director of the Committee on Science, Engineering, Medicine, and Public Policy; the National Science, Technology, and Security Roundtable; and the Christine Mirzayan Science and Technology Policy Fellowship Program. She has also served as a senior advisor to the president of the National Academy of Sciences and the president of the National Academy of Medicine. Mazza served in the White House as executive director of the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (2021–2022) and as a senior policy analyst in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (1999–2000). She is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. She holds a Ph.D., M.A., and B.A. from The George Washington University.

Elizabeth C. Wiggins, J.D., Ph.D., has been on the research staff of the Federal Judicial Center since 1989 and the director of the Center’s Research Division since 2020. Among her areas of study are research methods for the study of legal systems, civil case management, bankruptcy law and procedure, judicial workload measurement, court performance standards and assessment, judicial performance feedback, workplace environment surveys, courtroom technology and digital evidence, and access to justice and self-represented litigants. She has helped numerous international judiciaries undertake empirical work to assess the quality of justice and court administration they deliver. She is a fellow of the American Bar Foundation and of the American College of Bankruptcy. She holds a B.S. in psychology and administration of justice from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, a Ph.D. in social and quantitative psychology from Johns Hopkins University, a J.D. from the University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law, and an LL.M. from Vermont Law School. Prior to joining the Center, she was on the faculty at Barnard College of Columbia University and a post-doctoral fellow in quantitative psychology at the Ohio State University.

Joe S. Cecil, J.D., Ph.D., is a senior fellow at the Civil Justice Research Initiative at the University of California, Berkeley School of Law. In 2021, Cecil retired from the Research Division at the Federal Judicial Center. While at the Center, Cecil focused on the role of scientific evidence in federal courts, conducting empirical research projects on expert testimony and admissibility of scientific evidence in civil and criminal litigation and the role of court-appointed experts. He developed the first edition of the Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence and has worked with teams of scholars to develop subsequent editions. Cecil was a member of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Committee on Science, Technology, and Law, and has served on several National

Academies’ committees, including study committees that issued consensus reports on eyewitness identification and forensic science. He received his J.D. and a Ph.D. in psychology from Northwestern University.

Steven Kendall, Ph.D., is a senior program officer for the Committee on Science, Technology, and Law at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. He has contributed to numerous National Academies’ reports, including Facial Recognition Technology: Current Capabilities, Future Prospects, and Governance (2024); Reflecting Sunlight: Recommendations for Solar Geoengineering Research and Research Governance (2021); The Emerging Field of Human Neural Organoids, Transplants, and Chimeras: Science, Ethics, and Governance (2021); Securing the Vote: Protecting American Democracy (2018); Optimizing the Nation’s Investment in Academic Research (2016); Identifying the Culprit: Assessing Eyewitness Identification (2014); Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward (2009); and the third edition of the Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence (2011). Dr. Kendall has been a staff officer for the National Academies’ National Science, Technology, and Security Roundtable since its inception in 2020. Prior to joining the National Academies in 2007, he worked at the Smithsonian American Art Museum and The Huntington in San Marino, California. He received an M.A. in Victorian art and architecture at the University of London and completed a Ph.D. in the Department of the History of Art and Architecture at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

Jason A. Cantone, J.D., Ph.D. is a senior research associate at the Federal Judicial Center. His Center research addresses scientific evidence, civil rules and litigation, federal and state courts, alternative dispute resolution, and court administration/case management. He has also worked with foreign judiciaries on such topics as the rule of law, judicial education, legal psychology, program evaluation, and mediation. Before joining the Center in 2011, he was a U.S. Air Force civilian at U.S. Strategic Command at Offutt Air Force Base in Nebraska. Outside of his Center role, he is an adjunct professor, represented the American Psychology-Law Society on the American Psychological Association (APA) Council of Representatives from 2017 to 2023, and currently serves on the APA Committee for the Advancement of General and Applied Psychology. Dr. Cantone is an APA Fellow and received an APA Presidential Citation for his work related to the criminal justice system. His non-Center research focuses on psychology and legal decision-making and has been published in numerous social science journals and law reviews. He recently published his first co-edited book through Cambridge University Press: The Cambridge Handbook of Psychology and Legal Decision-Making (2024).

Meghan A. Dunn, Ph.D., is a senior research associate at the Federal Judicial Center. Her Center research includes survey construction, shared administrative

services, workplace conduct, and the use of courtroom technology and social media by jurors and attorneys. She has co-authored peer reviewed manuscripts on the use of computer animation and juror decision-making and co-authored a social psychology workbook. As part of her work with the Center, she assisted with previous editions of the Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence. Dr. Dunn holds a B.A. in history and psychology from Williams College, and an M.S. and Ph.D. in social psychology from Yale University.

Renee Daly was a senior program assistant with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Committee on Science, Technology, and Law (CSTL). Before coming to CSTL, Daly worked with the Board on Animal Health Sciences, Conservation, and Research (formerly known as the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research) in the National Academies’ Division of Earth and Life Studies. She received a master’s degree in biotechnology from Johns Hopkins University and a bachelor’s degree in biomedical science from Virginia Tech.

Dominic LoBuglio was a senior program assistant in the U.S. Science and Innovation Policy Theme at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine until February 2023. In addition to his work for the policy theme, LoBuglio provided administrative support for the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Committee on Science, Technology, and Law. Prior to joining the National Academies in 2019, LoBuglio developed outreach and science education programs within the fundraising department of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Previously, he also worked in the science and technology division at the Los Angeles office of the Japan External Trade Organization, a section of the Japanese government’s Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry. LoBuglio holds a B.A. in Japanese language and culture from the University of California, Santa Barbara.