Appendix A

Committee and Staff Biosketches

COMMITTEE BIOSKETCHES

V. JOSEPH HOTZ (Chair) is a research professor in the Harris School of Public Policy at the University of Chicago and the Arts and Sciences Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Economics and Public Policy at Duke University. He is a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research, the National Poverty Center, the Institute for the Study of Labor, and the Institute for Research on Poverty. Prior to this appointment, Hotz held faculty positions at the University of California, Los Angeles, the University of Chicago, and Carnegie Mellon University. His research areas include the economics of the family, economic demography, labor economics, population health, and applied econometrics. Hotz is an elected fellow of the Econometric Society, the Society of Labor Economists, and the International Association of Applied Econometrics and the Southern Economics Association. He is a past president of the Southern Economics Association and of the Association of Population Centers. Hotz previously served as a deputy editor of Demography, co-editor of the Journal of Labor Economics, co-editor of the Journal of Human Resources, associate editor of the Journal of Human Capital, and founding co-editor of the IZA Journal of Labor Economics. He received a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Hotz is a former member of the Committee on National Statistics and has served on several National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine consensus panels and workshop planning committees, including co-chairing the Planning Committee for the Workshop on 2020 Census Data Products: Data Needs and Privacy Considerations.

He also previously served as the chair of the Population Association of America’s Committee on Population Statistics.

DOLORES ACEVEDO-GARCIA is a professor and Director of the Institute for Equity in Child Opportunity & Healthy Development at the Boston University School of Social Work. She is project director for diversitydat-akids.org, a comprehensive research program and indicator database on racial/ethnic equity in child well-being and opportunity across multiple sectors and geographies. Acevedo-Garcia’s research focuses on the social determinants of racial and ethnic inequities in health, the role of social policies in reducing those inequities, and the health and well-being of children with special needs. She was a member of the Steering Committee on the Housing and Children’s Healthy Development Study and a member of the MacArthur Foundation Research Network on How Housing Matters for Families and Children (2009–2014). Acevedo-Garcia serves on the Health Equity Advisory Committee for the journal Health Affairs, and previously served on the editorial boards of Cityscape, the Journal of Health and Social Behavior, and Social Problems. She has served on the Advisory Council of the National Research Center on Hispanic Children and Families, the Board of Directors of the National Institute for Children’s Health Quality, the Board of Directors of the Council on Contemporary Families, the Advisory Board of the National Center for Children in Poverty, the board of Policy-Link, the Social Science Advisory Board of the Poverty and Race Research Action Council, the Research Advisory Panel of the National Coalition on School Diversity, and the National Hispanic Advisory Council of the March of Dimes. Acevedo-Garcia received an M.P.A. with a certificate in urban planning and a Ph.D. in public policy with a concentration in demography from the School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University. She has served on a variety of National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine committees, including the Committee on Building an Agenda to Reduce the Number of Children in Poverty by Half in 10 Years and the National Academies’ Societal Experts Action Network executive committee.

MARIANNE BITLER is a professor in the Department of Economics at the University of California, Davis, a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research, and a research fellow at the IZA Institute of Labor Economics. Her research focuses on the effects of the U.S. social safety net on poverty, income, human capital, and health, economics of the family, economics of education, and health economics. Bitler has expertise in public economics, as well as in labor economics, health economics, and applied microeconomics. Before coming to the University of California (UC), Davis, she was a professor of economics at UC Irvine. Bitler has also worked at the Public Policy Institute of California, the RAND Corporation, the Board

of Governors of the Federal Reserve, and the Federal Trade Commission. She is also currently a member of the American Economic Association’s Committee on the Status of LGBTQ+ Individuals in the Economics Profession. Bitler received a Ph.D. in economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She has served on multiple committees for the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, including as chair on a committee that evaluated the revised Survey of Income and Program Participation.

MARIA CANCIAN is a professor and former dean of the McCourt School of Public Policy at Georgetown University and an affiliate and former director of the Institute for Research on Poverty at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Her research considers the dynamic between public policies and family well-being—both how policies shape choices and outcomes for families, and how family change creates new challenges and opportunities for public policy. Cancian has advised local, state, and federal agencies on policy initiatives designed to improve outcomes for low income and otherwise vulnerable families, served as senior advisor to the U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS), and deputy assistant secretary for Policy for the HHS Administration for Children and Families, in the Obama Administration, as a Casey Family Programs senior fellow, a W. T. Grant Foundation distinguished fellow in residence at the Wisconsin Department of Children and Families, a visiting scholar at the Russell Sage Foundation, and a visiting fellow at the Public Policy Institute of California. She served as president of the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management and is an elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Academy of Political and Social Science. Cancian received a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Michigan.

INDIVAR DUTTA-GUPTA is founder and CEO of Blue Lotus Strategies, which focuses on policy research, analysis, development, and strategy related to U.S. social and economic policy. He is also a Visiting Researcher at Georgetown University’s McCourt School of Public Policy, and a Fellow at the Roosevelt Institute. For most of his time on the committee, Dutta-Gupta was a Doris Duke Distinguished Visiting Fellow at Georgetown University’s McCourt School of Public Policy. He was previously president and executive director of the Center for Law and Social Policy. Before then, he helped lead the Georgetown Center on Poverty and Inequality. Dutta-Gupta frequently advises policy makers on child, family, caregiving, tax, budget, and economic policy, testifies before Congress on these topics, and speaks to the media about social and economic policy issues. He previously has served in senior roles at the U.S. House of Representatives Ways and Means Committee, the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, and Freedman Consulting;

he also previously worked at DC Hunger Solutions and the Center for American Progress. Dutta-Gupta is a member of the National Academy of Social Insurance and serves as an RX Kids Funders and Friends Circle Advisor. He is a Harry S. Truman Scholar, a former Bill Emerson National Hunger Fellow, a US-Japan Leadership Program Fellow, a Congressional Hunger Center Alumni Leadership awardee, one of Washington Life magazine’s most Influential 40-and-Under Leaders and twice a Rising Star 40 and Under and was named a First Focus Campaign for Children “Champion for Children.” Dutta-Gupta also is a board and advisory group member of several nonpartisan groups, including the Convergence Center for Policy Resolution’s Families Collaborative, GoodWeave, DC Fiscal Policy Institute, The Policy Academies, and the Futures Institute. He received his B.A. with honors from the University of Chicago in political science and in law, letters, and society. Dutta-Gupta previously served on the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Panel on Evaluation and Improvements to the Supplemental Poverty Measure.

LISA GENNETIAN is the Pritzker Professor of Early Learning Policy Studies and professor of public policy at Duke University. She is an applied economist whose research straddles a variety of areas concerning child poverty from income security and stability to early care and education with a particular focus on identifying causal mechanisms underlying how child poverty shapes children’s development. Gennetian’s scholarship is inter- and multidisciplinary bridging the fields of economics, psychology, and children’s development, and incorporating insights from behavioral economics to improve the study of, and tools to support, people’s access and experiences with government programs. She has more than 20 years of experience leading large multisite randomized controlled studies of social policy reforms related to cash, child care, and housing assistance, and presently is a co-principal investigator (PI) on the first multisite, multiyear randomized controlled study of a monthly unconditional cash transfer starting at birth to families with low-income in the United States called Baby’s First Years. Gennetian launched the beELL initiative, applying insights from behavioral economics to design strategies to support parent and family engagement in, and enhance the impacts of, existing childhood interventions. She also has a body of research examining focuses on Latino families and children, serving as a PI on several grants and a co-PI directing work on poverty and economic self-sufficiency at the National Center for Research on Hispanic Families. Gennetian received a Ph.D. in economics from Cornell University.

BRADLEY HARDY is a distinguished professor in the McCourt School of Public Policy at Georgetown University. He is also a nonresident senior fellow in economic studies at the Brookings Institution. Hardy serves as a research affiliate of the University of Wisconsin Institute for Research on Poverty, the Columbia University Center on Poverty and Social Policy, the University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research, and the Social Policy Institute at Washington University in St. Louis. His research interests lie within labor economics, with an emphasis on economic instability, intergenerational mobility, poverty policy, racial economic inequality, and socioeconomic outcomes; he specifically examines trends and sources of income volatility and intergenerational mobility within the United States, with a focus on socioeconomically disadvantaged families, neighborhoods, and regions. Within the school, Hardy teaches courses on microeconomics and public finance. He also conducts research on the role of antipoverty transfer programs including food assistance programs, the Earned Income Tax Credit, and cash assistance for reducing inequality and improving economic well-being. Hardy’s professional activity includes membership on the American Economic Association Committee on Economic Statistics, and service as a co-editor at Contemporary Economic Policy. He received an M.S. in economics from the University of Kentucky, an M.P.P. from Georgetown University, and a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Kentucky. Hardy previously served as a committee member for a National Academies panel that focused on evaluations and improvements to the Supplemental Poverty Measure.

HARRY HOLZER is the John LaFarge Jr. S.J. Professor of Public Policy at Georgetown University’s McCourt School of Public Policy, a nonresident senior fellow at Brookings, and an institute fellow at the American Institute for Research in Washington, DC. He is a former chief economist for the U.S. Department of Labor and a former professor of economics at Michigan State University, as well as a founding faculty director of the Georgetown Center on Poverty and Inequality. Holzer is a research fellow at IZA Institute for Labor Economics and an affiliate of the Institute for Research on Poverty at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and of the Stanford Institute on Poverty and Inequality. He is an expert on the low-wage labor market and has particularly studied the problems of Black workers in urban areas, authoring or editing 12 books and several dozen journal articles on disadvantaged American workers and their employers, as well as on education and workforce issues and labor market policy. Holzer’s work has contributed to state and federal policies in a number of policy areas. For instance, his research on the costs to the U.S. economy of child poverty was instrumental in getting the Biden administration to focus on reducing child poverty in their economic stimulus plan. Holzer has been the recipient of

the Leslie Whittington Faculty of the Year award at the McCourt School (known earlier as the Georgetown Public Policy Institute) and the Hamilton Project Policy Innovation Prize at the Brookings Institution. Holzer has served on the boards of directors at the Economic Mobility Corporation and the National Skills Coalition and on the editorial board of the Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. He received a Ph.D. in economics from Harvard University. Holzer has also served as a member for a number of National Academies committees.

KATHERINE MICHELMORE is an associate professor of public policy at the University of Michigan’s Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy, an associate editor at the Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, and a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research. She is a leading scholar on the social safety net, education policy, and labor economics. Michelmore is a recognized expert on the efficacy of the Earned Income Tax Credit and the Child Tax Credit and their impact on children. Previously, she was an assistant professor of public administration and international affairs at Syracuse University’s Maxwell School. Michelmore received a Ph.D. in policy analysis and management at Cornell University and a bachelor’s degree from Wesleyan University.

ROBERT MOFFITT is the Krieger-Eisenhower Professor of Economics at Johns Hopkins University and holds a joint appointment at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Prior to assuming these positions at Hopkins, he was professor of economics at Brown University for 11 years. Moffit has also been a visiting professor at the University of Wisconsin and the University of Maryland and worked for several years at Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. His research interests are in the areas of labor economics and applied microeconometrics, with a special focus on the economics of issues relating to the low-income population in the United States. A large portion of Moffitt’s research in labor economics has concerned the labor supply decisions of female heads of family and its response to the U.S. welfare system. His research on the welfare system has led to publications on the Aid to Families with Dependent Children, Food Stamp, and Medicaid programs. Moffitt has also published research on the labor supply and family structure effects of social insurance programs, including Social Security, unemployment insurance, and disability insurance, as well as of the U.S. income tax system. He is also a fellow of the Econometric Society, a fellow of the Society of Labor Economists, a recipient of a MERIT Award from the National Institutes of Health, a recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship, a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a fellow of the American Academy for the Advancement of Science, and past president of the Population Association of America and the Society of Labor

Economists. Moffitt has served as chief editor of the American Economic Review, co-editor of the Review of Economics and Statistics, and chief editor of the Journal of Human Resources. He is currently editor of Tax Policy and the Economy, a publication of the National Bureau of Economic Research, which provides policy analysts in Washington, DC, with results from recent academic economic research on tax and transfer issues. Moffitt completed an M.A. and Ph.D. in economics at Brown University. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and served as chair of the National Academy of Sciences Panel to Evaluate Welfare Reform.

ANGELA RACHIDI is a senior fellow in poverty studies at the American Enterprise Institute (AEI). She studies the effectiveness of federal safety net programs on family and child outcomes, including Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, the Earned Income Tax Credit, the Child Tax Credit, child care, and related services. Through Rachidi’s consulting work (Rachidi Research and Consulting, LLC), she does similar work as a visiting senior fellow at the Badger Institute, a free market think tank based on Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Prior to joining AEI, she spent more than 10 years evaluating programs for the NYC Human Resources Administration, including workforce development programs, food assistance and nutrition programs, and cash assistance programs. Rachidi also spent time working as a researcher for research firms Macro International (now ICF International) and Mathematica. Her research focuses on the relationship between poverty and employment, as well as other correlates of poverty, such as family structure, health status, and community factors. Rachidi studies the employment, marriage, and health disincentives built into safety net programs and assesses their impediment to poverty reduction and upward mobility. She holds a B.S. in public administration, a M.P.A., and a Ph.D. in public policy from Milano School of Policy, Management, and Environment, the New School.

MARJORIE SIMS is the managing director of Ascend at the Aspen Institute, a catalyst and convener for diverse leaders working across systems and sectors to build intergenerational family prosperity and well-being. In her role, she works closely with the executive director on the strategic direction of the program’s vision, leads content development related to Ascend’s areas of expertise, and oversees the development and implementation of all operations in support of achieving team goals. Sims has more than 20 years of experience in advancing the status of women and families at local, state, national, and international levels, as well as in expanding women’s roles in leadership positions within philanthropy. Before joining Ascend, she served as program officer at the W.K. Kellogg Foundation with a specific focus on family economic security programs and managed a $65 million

grant portfolio. Prior to joining the Kellogg Foundation, Sims was the chief operating officer and vice president of programs and operations at the Washington Area Women’s Foundation, where she helped launch Stepping Stones, a multiyear, regional initiative to increase the income and assets of women-headed families. In addition, she served as the executive director of the California Women’s Law Center and as a policy analyst with the International Center for Research on Women. Sims is a co-founder of Women’s Policy, Inc., an organization that emerged from the Congressional Caucus for Women’s Issues. She was chair of the Governance Committee for All Our Kin and advisor to a number of organizations, including the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the American Public Human Services Association, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, and the Public Broadcasting Service Ready to Learn initiative. Sims received an M.A. in political science from California State University, Dominguez Hills.

JAMES SULLIVAN is a professor of economics at the University of Notre Dame. He also is co-founder and director of the Wilson Sheehan Lab for Economic Opportunities, a research center that works with service providers and policy makers to identify effective and scalable solutions to reduce poverty in America. Sullivan has been a visiting scholar at the National Poverty Center and has served on its Advisory Board. He was a visiting professor at the University of Chicago and has served as a national Phi Betta Kappa Visiting Scholar. He was recently appointed to the U.S. Commission on Social Impact Partnerships and as the inaugural director of the Notre Dame Poverty Initiative. Sullivan’s research examines the effectiveness of antipoverty programs at the national, state, and local levels. He also studies the consumption, saving, and borrowing behavior of poor households, as well as poverty and inequality measurement. Sullivan received his bachelor’s degree from the University of Notre Dame and his Ph.D. from Northwestern University.

CHRISTOPHER WIMER directs the Center on Poverty and Social Policy and is a Senior Research Scientist at the Columbia University School of Social Work. He is also the principal investigator on the Robin Hood Poverty Tracker, a large-scale primary data collection study that measures poverty and well-being in New York City. Wimer conducts research on the measurement of poverty, as well as historical trends in poverty and the impacts of social policies on the poverty rate and related outcomes. His research also focuses on how families cope with poverty and economic insecurity, with a particular focus on how families manage food insecurity and other forms of material hardship. Wimer’s work pays particular attention to the role of government policies and programs and their potential impacts on the wellbeing of low-income families and children; this work has been

featured in leading scientific journals including Demography, the Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, American Sociological Review, Social Service Review, Social Science Research, Criminology, Health Affairs, and the Journal of Marriage and Family. He received a Ph.D. in sociology and social policy from Harvard University.

MARCI YBARRA is a professor and the director of the Sandra Rosenbaum School of Social Work at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Her research considers poverty and inequality, social service delivery, work supports, and family well-being. Ybarra employs both quantitative methods, such as analyzing administrative and longitudinal survey data, and qualitative approaches, including participant observation and in-depth interviews. Her work examines the relationship between public provisions and the socioeconomic well-being of low-income families in the United States. Using mixed methods and diverse data sources, she investigates the impacts of social policies and programs and the place-based variations in their design, with the aim of enhancing the social safety net and improving family well-being. She holds an M.S.W. from Wayne State University and a Ph.D. in social welfare from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Ybarra previously served on a National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine committee examining the long-term impact of COVID-19 on children and families.

STAFF BIOSKETCHES

JENNIFER GOOTMAN (Study Director) is a senior program officer with the Board on Children, Youth, and Families. In her time at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, she has served as study director for the following reports: Reducing Intergenerational Poverty; Long-Term Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children and Families; Community Programs to Promote Youth Development; Working Families and Growing Kids; Food Marketing to Children and Youth: Threat or Opportunity?; Preventing Teen Motor Crashes; and Adolescent Health Services: Missing Opportunities. During her ten years away from the National Academies, she served as the executive director of the DC Soccer Club, a nonprofit youth sports organization serving thousands of children and youth from across Washington, DC. Prior to this, she was the project director of the Birth Control Initiative for the National Campaign to Prevent Teen & Unplanned Pregnancy, a series of activities designed to rebuild support for and understanding of the important positive role of birth control in the lives of women and men. She has also worked for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the New York City Public Advocate’s Office, and the Constitutional Rights Foundation. Her work has focused on

child and family policy for low-income families, including welfare reform, child care, child health, youth development, teen pregnancy prevention, and youth sports. She received a B.A. in education and fine arts from the University of Southern California and an M.A. in urban public policy from The New School University.

EMILY BACKES is deputy board director for the Committee on Law and Justice and Board on Children, Youth, and Families in the Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences, and Education at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (National Academies). She also serves as director of the Societal Experts Action Network, a network of leading individuals and institutions in social science fields that provides actionable responses to urgent policy questions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. In her time at the National Academies, Backes has served as study director for the reports Decarcerating Correctional Facilities during COVID-19: Advancing Health, Equity, and Safety; The Promise of Adolescence: Realizing Opportunity for All Youth; Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice; and Transforming the Financing of Early Care and Education. She has also provided analytical and editorial assistance to National Academies projects on juvenile justice reform, policing, forensic science, illicit markets, science literacy, science communication, and science and human rights. Backes received an M.A. and B.A. in history from the University of Missouri, specializing in U.S. human rights policy and international law, and a J.D. from the University of the District of Columbia, where she represented clients as a student attorney with the Low-Income Taxpayer Clinic and the Juvenile and Special Education Law Clinic.

NATACHA BLAIN serves as senior board director of the Board on Children, Youth, and Families and the Committee on Law and Justice at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (National Academies). She has served as a supreme court fellow and chief counsel to senator Dick Durbin on the Senate Judiciary Committee, as well as lead strategic advisor for the Children’s Defense Fund’s Cradle to Prison Pipeline campaign. Prior to joining the National Academies, Blain served as associate director/acting executive director of Grantmakers for Children, Youth and Families. There she played a critical role in helping convene and engage diverse constituencies, fostering leadership, collaboration, and innovation sharing through a network of funders committed to the enduring well-being of children, youth, and families. Blain earned her M.S. and Ph.D. in clinical psychology from Allegheny University of Health Sciences and MCP Hahnemann University (now Drexel University), respectively, and she received a J.D. from Villanova School of Law.

MELISSA C. CHIU is the Director of the Committee on National Statistics (CNSTAT) at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Before joining CNSTAT, she spent 15 years leading data policy, governance, analytics, and production in the U.S. federal government at the Department of Veterans Affairs, the Census Bureau, and briefly in the Office of Management and Budget’s Office of the Chief Statistician of the United States. She previously served on the Board of Directors for Washington Evaluators, the DC-area local affiliate of the American Evaluation Association.

CHRISTOPHER MACKIE is a senior program officer with the Committee on National Statistics specializing in economic measurement and statistics. He has served as study director for a wide range of projects, including those that produced the reports At What Price? Conceptualizing and Measuring Cost-of-Living and Price Indexes (2002); Beyond the Market: Designing Nonmarket Accounts for the United States (2005); Understanding Business Dynamics: An Integrated Data System for America’s Future (2007); Accounting for Health and Health Care: Approaches to Measuring the Sources and Costs of Their Improvement (2010); Improving Measurement of Productivity in Higher Education (2012); Subjective Well-Being: Measuring Happiness, Suffering, and Other Dimensions of Experience (2013); Civic Engagement and Social Cohesion: Measuring Dimensions of Social Capital to Inform Policy (2014); The Economic and Fiscal Consequences of Immigration (2017); Improving Data Collection and Measurement of Complex Farms (2019); Measuring Alternative Work Arrangements for Research and Policy (2020); and An Updated Measure of Poverty: (Re) Drawing the Line (2023). He has been editor or co-editor of more than a dozen consensus reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and is the author of Canonizing Economic Theory: How Theories and Ideas are Selected in Economics (Routledge). Mackie has a Ph.D. in economics from the University of North Carolina and has held teaching positions at the University of North Carolina, North Carolina State University, and Tulane University.

EMMA MOORE is a senior program assistant with the Board on Children, Youth, and Families. She is a recent graduate of the University of Maryland, where she earned a B.A. in criminology and criminal justice and family science. Moore’s interests include juvenile justice and the reciprocal relationship of the criminal justice system on families and youth. Prior to working at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, she held an internship at the Maryland Governor’s Office of Crime Prevention, Youth, and Victim Services. Moore anticipates attending graduate school in the future to obtain a M.S.W.

MAYA REDDI is a research associate with the Board on Children, Youth, and Families at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. She currently supports the Committee on Out-of-School Time Settings and the Committee on Federal Policy Impacts on Child Poverty. Reddi’s areas of interest include mental health and well-being, reproductive health, and child development. She received her B.A. in marketing with a minor in digital media from the University of Texas at Austin as well as an M.A. in psychology from American University.