Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits (2025)

Chapter: 6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021

Previous Chapter: 5 Experiences of Families and Nonprofit Organizations with the EITC and CTC Policies in 2021
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 91
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 92
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 93
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 94
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 95
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 96
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 97
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 98
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 99
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 100
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 101
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 102
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 103
Suggested Citation: "6 Other COVID-19 Pandemic-Period Policies and Programs and Their Potential Confounding Effects for Assessing Impacts of the EITC and CTC in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2025. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/29163.
Page 104
Next Chapter: 7 Potential Labor Supply and Employment Effects of Tax Credits
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